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Rotors for Mobile Flywheel Energy Storage

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Flywheel Energy Storage

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Abstract

Flywheel rotors are a key component, determining not only the energy content of the entire flywheel energy storage system (FESS), but also system costs, housing design, bearing system, etc. Using simple analytic formulas, the basics of FESS rotor design and material selection are presented. The important differences between isotropic (steel) rotors and (anisotropic) fiber composite flywheels are explained in detail, and many practical examples are given in well-arranged tables. Finally, the design, manufacturing, and testing process of two different FESS rotors is presented, providing the reader with unprecedented insight into the topic.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    At the “ pack level”, which includes the housing, balancing board, and cooling, the specific energy is further reduced

  2. 2.

    The term high cycle fatigue (HCF) was coined by August Wöhler (∗ 22 June 1819 in Soltau; † 21 March 1914 in Hannover, Germany). He researched the materials steel and iron. The “Wöhler diagram” named after him represents the relationship between the number of cycles to failure and the stress amplitude for a material under oscillating load [21].

  3. 3.

    The “E” in the designation has the historical background that these optical fibers were originally developed for electrical applications.

  4. 4.

    The “S” in the name comes from the English word “stiff” and already indicates an increased modulus of elasticity and tensile strength.

  5. 5.

    In the case of an integrated rotor topology, a carbon fiber bandage wound around the electrically active rotor would increase the air gap of the machine and thus reduce its efficiency.

  6. 6.

    Attempts have been made to design matrix-less rotors, using only flexible bundles of fibers, but so far this approach has not been realized successfully.

  7. 7.

    A more “good-natured” bursting behavior of the rotor allows the use of a lighter bursting housing and thus also increases the specific energy (Wh/kg) of the system.

  8. 8.

    MAGNETBONDER HT-01 by the company Vakuumschmelze with a density of 1.1 g/cm3 and a maximum shear stress of 7100 N/cm2.

  9. 9.

    The exploitation of this reduction potential does not only depend on the material price, but also requires optimized, cost-effective production processes!

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  1. Institute of Electrical Measurement and Sensor Systems, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Steiermark, Austria

    Armin Buchroithner

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Buchroithner, A. (2023). Rotors for Mobile Flywheel Energy Storage. In: Flywheel Energy Storage. Springer, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35342-1_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35342-1_7

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