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Punctuated Equilibrium

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Handbuch Policy-Forschung

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Zusammenfassung

Dieses Kapitel liefert einen Überblick über Theorie und Arbeitsweise der Punctuated Equilibrium Theorie (PET). PET umfasst ein Policy-Prozessmodell, das auf Aufmerksamkeitsverschiebung beruht und eine Erklärung dafür gibt, warum oft lange wenig in einem Politikfeld passiert, dann aber plötzlich eine grundlegende Veränderung stattfindet. Das PET-Modell geht von der Annahme aus, dass individuelle Entscheidungsfindung auf begrenzter Rationalität beruht. Auf der Ebene von Organisationen und Institutionen identifiziert PET zwei Phasen: Policy-Inkrementalismus und weitreichenden Wandel. Inkrementalismus ist durch beständige Institutionen, begrenzte Policy-Monopole und dominante Policy-Ideen gekennzeichnet. Weitreichender Wandel findet hingegen statt, wenn sich makropolitische Aufmerksamkeit verschiebt, es zu einer Institutionenverlagerung kommt und sich das Erscheinungsbild eines Themas verändert. Dieses ursprüngliche Modell wird dann in einer Weiterentwicklung zusammengefasst, die sich auf disproportionale Informationsverarbeitung und institutionelle Friktion konzentriert. Schließlich werden Arbeitsweisen und vergleichende empirische Untersuchungen von Policy-Agendas vorgestellt.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Der Unterschied zwischen Informations- und kognitiven Kosten besteht zwischen Organisationen, die noch nicht wissen, dass sie eine Entscheidung treffen müssen (kognitive Kosten) und Organisationen, die eine Entscheidung treffen wollen (Informationskosten).

  2. 2.

    Die Daten sind unter https://gpa.uni-konstanz.de/ zugänglich.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. DKFZ German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    Daniela Beyer

  2. University of California, Irvine, Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika

    Graeme Boushey

  3. University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Deutschland

    Christian Breunig

Authors
  1. Daniela Beyer
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  2. Graeme Boushey
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  3. Christian Breunig
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Correspondence to Christian Breunig .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, Deutschland

    Georg Wenzelburger

  2. Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    Reimut Zohlnhöfer

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Beyer, D., Boushey, G., Breunig, C. (2023). Punctuated Equilibrium. In: Wenzelburger, G., Zohlnhöfer, R. (eds) Handbuch Policy-Forschung. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-34560-0_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-34560-0_13

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