Zusammenfassung
Trotz Kritik an der Theorienbildung der Desistance-Forschung ist die kriminologische Auseinandersetzung in Bezug auf das Abstandnehmen vom kriminellen Verhalten bzw. den Ausstieg aus der Kriminalität und kriminellen Gangs eine nicht zu ignorierende Informationsquelle.
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Notes
- 1.
Das Gegenteil ergab eine deutsche Auswertung von Heerlein (2014, S. 175 f.).
- 2.
„The actor must not only regard the new environmental situation as a positive development (e.g., experience high attachment to a spouse), but must also define the new state of affairs as fundamentally incompatible with continued deviation“ (Giordano et al. 2002, S. 1001).
- 3.
„[…] a third type of cognitive transformation occurs when actors are able to envision and begin to fashion an appealing and conventional ‘replacement self’ that can supplant the marginal one that must be left behind“ (Giordano et al. 2002, S. 1001).
- 4.
„The fourth type of cognitive change (the capstone) involves a transformation in the way the actor views the deviant behavior or lifestyle itself“ (Giordano et al. 2002, S. 1002).
- 5.
Ferguson und McAuley (2020, S. 5) bringen ein aussagekräftiges Zitat eines UVF-Aussteigers, das diese Dimensionen hervorhebt: “It stripped me completely from being a father, husband, brother, son, it stripped me of that identity, of what I was to other people, I became this person who was completely focused on the other side. Now, in hindsight, my biggest regret is quite simply that I put something before a wife and daughter […]”.
- 6.
„Communion is the establishment of community and interpersonal bonds, incorporating themes of love, caring, friendship and helping behaviours“ (Maruna und Farrell 2003, S. 116).
- 7.
„The pushes and pulls of gang disengagement are a subjective component of the exit process – the studies describing pushes and pulls generally ask respondents to reflect on their reasons for leaving the gang or peer group. The reasons for leaving include both concrete factors (e.g., had a child, got a job) and subjective assessments of changes in the self (e.g., got tired of the lifestyle, it wasn’t what I thought). Understanding these pushes and pulls helps organize thinking about positive and negative aspects of gang processes and disengagement“ (Roman et al. 2017, S. 320).
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Logvinov, M. (2021). Kriminologische Forschungen. In: Ausstieg und Deradikalisierung. Radikalisierung – De-Radikalisierung – Prävention. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33902-9_4
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