Zusammenfassung
In Bildern und Filmen zur künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) werden in den Medien häufig künstliche Gehirne und menschenähnliche Wesen aus Metall visualisiert. Auch die Bezeichnung „Machine Learning“ oder maschinelles Lernen vermittelt den Eindruck, dass sich KI fast ausschließlich mit der Entwicklung von Robotern beschäftigt. Tatsächlich leistet die Verarbeitung natürlicher Sprache einen enormen Beitrag zu den aktuellen Erfolgen der KI-Forschung und in der Wirtschaft. Während Patente ein Merkmal für den wirtschaftlichen Erfolg darstellen können, kommuniziert die Wissenschaft in Form von Fachartikeln und Konferenzbeiträgen. Beide Facetten werden in diesem Beitrag untersucht. Zunächst wird der Ursprung der Bewertung von Sprache und Texten im Mittelalter vorgestellt. Daraus leitet sich eine integrierte Definition ab. Dass das „Natural Language Processing“ (NLP) eine entscheidende Rolle in der Entwicklung des aktuellen KI-Hypes spielt, wird anhand von „Big Data“ und der Analyse von unstrukturierten Informationen erklärt. Der Einfluss von NLP auf ethische Grundsätze und ein Ausblick runden diesen Beitrag ab.
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Buchkremer, R. (2020). Natural Language Processing in der KI. In: Buchkremer, R., Heupel, T., Koch, O. (eds) Künstliche Intelligenz in Wirtschaft & Gesellschaft. FOM-Edition. Springer Gabler, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-29550-9_2
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