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The Role and Functions of Community Benefit Schemes

A Comparison of the Finnish and French Nuclear Waste Disposal Projects

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Conflicts, Participation and Acceptability in Nuclear Waste Governance

Abstract

Various types of community benefit schemes have been implemented in order to mitigate potential harmful effects and facilitate the construction of nuclear installations, to compensate for real or potential damage (e.g. harmful distributive effects), and to incite communities to volunteer in planning and construction. This chapter draws on examples from Finland and France in order to illustrate the challenges associated with community benefit schemes in nuclear waste disposal policy. Drawing on interview and documentary material, and earlier literature concerning typologies of benefit measures, the chapter explores the role of benefit schemes in the relatively smoothly advancing Finnish waste disposal project and the more conflict-ridden French project. The mitigation and compensation functions of benefit schemes have primarily served the overarching objective of obtaining local acceptance for the repository projects. In France, the benefit schemes have occupied more space in public debate and have arguably played a greater role in winning local support for the project than in Finland. The schemes also differ in their success of minimising the accusation that the schemes would constitute illegitimate bribery. The reasons include the differences between the host regions – a nuclear community in Finland and a ‘nuclear-virgin’ region in France; a single municipality in Finland and a patchwork of small communities in the French host area – and in the approaches to nuclear and nuclear waste policy (the state-led approach in France and industry-led approach in Finland).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Sussex, Brighton and University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain

    Markku Lehtonen

  2. Tampere University, Tampere, Finland

    Matti Kojo

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  1. Markku Lehtonen
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Correspondence to Markku Lehtonen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Forschungszentrum für Umweltpolitik (FFU), Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Achim Brunnengräber

  2. Forschungszentrum für Umweltpolitik (FFU), Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Maria Rosaria Di Nucci

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Lehtonen, M., Kojo, M. (2019). The Role and Functions of Community Benefit Schemes. In: Brunnengräber, A., Di Nucci, M. (eds) Conflicts, Participation and Acceptability in Nuclear Waste Governance. Energiepolitik und Klimaschutz. Energy Policy and Climate Protection. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-27107-7_10

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