Abstract
Overt and covert classification are well-known and ubiquitous linguistic processes. Moreover, classification seems to be firmly grounded in and connected to the mental abilities of living beings, essential to survival in different environments. Preconceptions as well as elaborate cladistics are part of the classification process.
The English of this paper was kindly revised by Craig Crossen – once again I am indebted to his professional editorship. I am also most grateful to O. Goldwasser, who repeatedly discussed with me various aspects of this paper and to whom I owe the Egyptian references. I would further like to express my gratitude to my students E. Marsal and J. Pfitzner. Many topics they will discuss in their PhD dissertations will elaborate or modify some of the theses presented here. For the transcriptions and translations of literary texts I used the data provided in ECTSL (http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/); for abbreviations cp. one of the standard lists, e.g. http://cdli.ox.ac.uk/wiki/doku.php?id=abbreviations_for_assyriology.
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Illustrations
Fig. 1 Astral Inana-Venus: W 20713,1 (IM 134511); photo: http://cdli.ucla.edu/dl/photo/P000483.jpg (addressed 23.3.2017); see Englund, R. K, Nissen, H. J. ATU 3 (1993) pl. 093, W 20713,1
Fig. 2 The horned crown with ears of barley and a kind of bull’s mask. Detail of a vessel fragment of Enmetena; after Moortgat 1967: 115.
Fig. 3Seal from the former Erlenmeyer collection; after Nissen, Damerow, and Englund 1993: 17-18 and fig. 18; also, Woods 2010: 50.
Fig. 4a. Bovids, pen and ring-post without streamer: van Dijk 2015: 38 Catalogue Number U38 (Klq 17, Louvre) (with previous lit.); after Heinrich 1957:11 Abb. 2
Fig. 4b: Bovids, pen and ringed pole: van Dijk 2015: 53 Catalogue Number U54 (AO 8842) (with previous lit.)
Fig. 5 Hieroglyphic signs for “nest” from Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae DZA 28.776.480 (http://aaew.bbaw.de/tla/servlet/DzaBrowser, accessed 21.3.2017)
Fig. 6: Heron’s nest on a cylinder seal; Salonen 1973: Tafel LXX, 6.
Fig. 7a: Waterbird nest in the Macquarie Marshes. From http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-10-26/waterbird-nests-underneath-flocks/7965902 addressed 21.3.2017.
Fig. 7b: The nest of an Eurasian coot. From https://pixabay.com/de/bl%C3%A4sshuhn-nestbr%C3%BCten-wasservogel-786344/ addressed 21.3.2017.
Fig. 8: Sopraporte at the temple of the Mother Goddess (Ninhursaĝa) in Tell Ubaid Ubaid; after Strommenger 1962: 79.
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Selz, G. (2019). Reflections on the Pivotal Role of Animals in Early Mesopotamia. In: Mattila, R., Ito, S., Fink, S. (eds) Animals and their Relation to Gods, Humans and Things in the Ancient World. Universal- und kulturhistorische Studien. Studies in Universal and Cultural History. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-24388-3_3
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