Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag greifen wir die Idee auf, dass sich nicht nur das Ausmaß, sondern auch die Objekte einer Politisierung Europas deutlich unterscheiden können. Dabei erscheint die Differenzierung zwischen konstitutiven Fragen europäischer Integration – sprich Fragen der Vertiefung oder Erweiterung – und policy-orientierten europäischen Themen zentral. Da die bisherige Forschung konstitutive Themen in den Vordergrund gerückt hat, legen wir den Fokus in diesem Beitrag auf die Bedeutung europäischer Policies im Europawahlkampf. Unsere Fragen lauten wie folgt: Wie salient sind policy-orientierte Europathemen in Europawahlen? Und welche Faktoren erklären Unterschiede in der Salienz solcher Themen zwischen Wahlkämpfen und einzelnen Parteien? Für unsere empirische Analyse verwenden wir den integrierten Datensatz des Euromanifesto Projekts für 14 EU-Mitgliedsstaaten im Zeitraum 1979 bis 2009. Die Analysen zeigen, dass policy-orientierte Europathemen extrem salient sind in den Europawahlprogrammen. Sie werden häufiger von europafreundlichen Parteien und in weniger polarisierten Parteiensystemen auf die Agenda gesetzt. Ebenfalls zeigt sich, dass zunehmende Autoritätstransfers auf die europäische Ebene mit einer vermehrten Betonung von policy-orientierten Europathemen einhergehen.
Abstract
This chapter takes up the idea that both the level and objects of politicization may differ. More specifically, we focus on the essential differentiation between constitutive European issues – i.e., questions of deepening and widening – and policy-related European issues. As previous research has mainly looked at the former type of issue, we put the emphasis on the importance of the latter type. Our research questions are as follows: How salient are policy-related European issues in European Parliament elections? And what kind of factors explain differences in their salience across campaigns and parties? We use the integrated dataset of the Euromanifesto Project for 14 countries within the period from 1979 to 2009. Our analysis shows that policy-related issues are extremely salient in the manifestos prepared for European Parliament elections. Euro-friendly parties are more likely to emphasize them and they are also more important in less polarized party systems. Moreover, debates over European policies become more salient, the more authority has already been shifted to the European level.
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Braun, D., Hutter, S., Kerscher, A. (2018). Anzeichen einer „differenzierten“ Politisierung?. In: Anders, L., Scheller, H., Tuntschew, T. (eds) Parteien und die Politisierung der Europäischen Union. Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-19283-9_6
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