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Lebensqualität in der Medizin pp 237–257Cite as

Disability Weight – ein umstrittenes Maß zur Bewertung von Gesundheitsbeeinträchtigungen

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Zusammenfassung

Das Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY) ist ein etabliertes Maß zur Darstellung der Krankheitslast von Bevölkerungen. Zur Quantifizierung des DALYs werden Gewichtungsfaktoren (Disability Weights) für Gesundheitszustände benötigt, um mit einer Erkrankung verlebte Lebensjahre mit durch vorzeitigen Tod verloren Lebensjahren aufsummieren zu können. Zur Bestimmung der Disability Weights wird ein Gesundheitszustand auf einer Skala zwischen 0 und 1 eingeordnet, wobei 0 vollkommene Gesundheit abbildet und 1 einen Zustand vergleichbar mit dem Tod beschreibt.

Die Bewertung von Erkrankungen mittels Gewichtungsfaktoren ist umstritten. Komplexe Informationen über die Qualität des Lebens werden in einer einzelnen Maßzahl zusammengefasst. Viele wichtige Informationen, wie z. B. soziale und individuelle Präferenzen, gehen dabei verloren. Methodische Entscheidungen, beispielsweise die Definition von Gesundheitszuständen, die Auswahl der Herleitungsmethoden und des Befragungspanels, beeinflussen die Bewertung der Disability Weights. Strittig ist auch ihre Universalität und Kontextunabhängigkeit. Dennoch werden sie zur Bestimmung der nationalen und internationalen Krankheitslast angewendet. Um die Krankheitslast in Deutschland angemessen darstellen zu können, befürworten wir die Herleitung von nationalen Disability Weights, in denen kulturelle und demografische Besonderheiten berücksichtigt werden.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bielefeld, Deutschland

    Myriam Tobollik, Timothy McCall & Claudia Hornberg

  2. Hamburg, Deutschland

    Claudia Terschüren

  3. München, Deutschland

    Nadine Steckling

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  1. Myriam Tobollik
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  2. Claudia Terschüren
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  3. Nadine Steckling
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  4. Timothy McCall
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  5. Claudia Hornberg
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Correspondence to Myriam Tobollik .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

    László Kovács

  2. Universität Tübingen , Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

    Roland Kipke

  3. Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

    Ralf Lutz

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© 2016 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

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Tobollik, M., Terschüren, C., Steckling, N., McCall, T., Hornberg, C. (2016). Disability Weight – ein umstrittenes Maß zur Bewertung von Gesundheitsbeeinträchtigungen. In: Kovács, L., Kipke, R., Lutz, R. (eds) Lebensqualität in der Medizin. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-10679-9_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-10679-9_16

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