Abstract
Rational-choice corruptors are citizens who, under very particular circumstances, deem it perfectly justified to bribe government employees in order to expedite their transactions with the state. This analysis examines the effect of individual-level variables (direct contact with city employees, perception of corruption, the evaluation of the anti-corruption impetus of the administration in power, and trust in the judiciary), and country-level factors (red tape, democratic institutionalization, and judicial independence) on the likelihood of an individual being a rational choice corruptor. Using survey data and country-level statistics from 25 countries of the Americas, the ultimate goal is to uncover what exactly are the circumstances that give rise to this assessment regarding the justification of corrupt exchanges with the public sector. The study’s key finding is that individual experiences, perceptions, and beliefs explain better why some individuals become rational-choice corruptors than societal-level phenomena. The centrality of individual experiences with, and normative assessments of, public institutions to the fostering of this type of ‘rationality’ opens up important lines of inquiry for future research on corruption.
Zusammenfassung
Rational-choice corruptors sind Bürger, die es unter sehr bestimmten Bedingungen als absolut rational erscheinen lassen, Mitarbeiter des öffentlichen Sektors zu bestechen, um ihre Transaktionen mit dem Staat zu beschleunigen. Die vorliegende Analyse untersucht den Effekt von Variablen auf der individuellen Ebene (direkter Kontakt mit Mitarbeitern der Stadtverwaltung, die Wahrnehmung von Korruption, die Evaluierung des Korruptionsbekämpfungsimpetus der jeweiligen Verwaltung und dem Vertrauen in die Justiz) und Faktoren auf Länderebene (Bürokratie, demokratische Institutionalisierung, Unabhängigkeit der Justiz) bezogen auf die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass Individuen rational-choice corruptors werden können. Auf der Grundlage von Umfragedaten und Länderstatistiken aus 25 Ländern Nord- und Südamerikas zielt der Beitrag darauf ab, die Bedingungen zu identifizieren, die die Bewertung korrupter Tausche als gerechtfertigt erscheinen lassen. Als zentrales Ergebnis kommt der Beitrag zu dem Schluss, dass individuelle Erfahrungen, Wahrnehmungen und Überzeugungen besser erklären können als Phänomene der Makroebene, warum Individuen mitunter rational-choice corruptors werden. Die Bedeutung individueller Erfahrungen und normativer Bewertungen des öffentlichen Sektors für die Förderung einer solchen Rationalität zeigt wichtige Anknüpfungspunkte für zukünftige Themen der Korruptionsforschung auf.
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Bohn, S. (2014). Justifying corrupt exchanges: rational-choice corruptors. In: Debiel, T., Gawrich, A. (eds) (Dys-)Functionalities of Corruption. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-04633-0_8
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