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Fluoroamino Acids and Microorganisms

  • Chapter
Book cover Pharmacology of Fluorides

Abstract

Fluoroamino acids are among the most widely used analogues of naturally occurring compounds for biochemical and physiological research. Their molecular dimensions are approximately the same as those of the natural analogues because the van der Waals radius of the fluorine atom is only slightly larger than that of hydrogen (1.35 Å versus 1.20 Å) for which it is normally substituted. However, the electronegativity of fluorine is greater than that of hydrogen (4.0 versus 2.1), and so the C-F bond has more of an ionic character than the C-H bond with a higher bond energy of 105.4 kcal per mole compared with 98.8 kcal per mole (Pauling, 1960). Moreover, substitution of fluorine for hydrogen in organic compounds tends to enhance their hydrophilic properties. Despite these differences, fluoroamino acids can compete successfully with naturally occurring amino acids in many biochemical reactions, especially those reactions which do not lead to cleavage of the C-F bond. For example, the fluoroamino acid p-fluorophenylalanine (PFPA) can even be incorporated into proteins in place of phenylalanine. Enzymes usually discriminate against fluorosubstituted amino acids, but there are a few examples of enhanced reactivity due to substitution.

1. While this review was being written, the author’s work was supported in part by research grants R01 AM-08990 from the United States Public Health Service and GB-6573 from the U.S. National Science Foundation.

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  1. Robert E. Marquis
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  1. Department of Radiation Biology and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 14620, Rochester, N.Y., USA

    Frank A. Smith Ph.D.

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Marquis, R.E. (1970). Fluoroamino Acids and Microorganisms. In: Smith, F.A. (eds) Pharmacology of Fluorides. Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie / Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 20 / 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-99973-4_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-99973-4_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-99975-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-99973-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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