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Hirn, Gesichtsschädel und Hals

  • Chapter
Magnetresonanztomographie

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Zusammenfassung

Die MRT ist aus mehreren Gründen die z. Z. beste radiologische Untersuchungsmethode für Kopf und Hals: Das in der Schädelkapsel verborgene Gehirn wurde überhaupt erst mit tomographischer Technik radiologisch direkt sichtbar [1, 6]. Die hohe räumliche Auflösung und die gute Kontrastauflösung der MRT erlauben eine genaue Abbildung der makroskopischen Anatomie und Pathologie und sind hier der CT weit überlegen. Die komplexen Strukturen des Gehirns, der Schädelbasis, des Gesichtsschädels und der Halsweichteile können in einem Untersuchungsgang dargestellt werden. Krankheitsprozesse, die sich von extrakraniell nach intrakraniell und umgekehrt ausbreiten, werden in ihrer Kontinuität erfaßt. Hierbei kommt dem Untersucher entgegen, daß Atembewegungen die Untersuchung von Kopf und Hals kaum stören. Artefakte durch Pulsationen des Gehirns, der Li-quorräume und der großen Blutleiter werden mit speziellen Gradientenschaltungen eliminiert. Die Nachverarbeitung der MRT-Datensätze erlaubten Oberflächendarstellungen, Schnittbilder auch an gebogenen Flächen, Bildsimulation von operativen Zugangswegen, Segmentation von Organen oder Organanteilen und Volumetrie (Abb. 3.1).

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  1. R. von Kummer
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  1. Klinikum Großhadern, Institut für Radiologische Diagnostik, Marchioninistraße 15, D-81377, München, Deutschland

    Maximilian Reiser

  2. Institut für Diagnostikforschung GmbH, Freien Universität Berlin, Spandauer Damm 130, D-14050, Berlin, Deutschland

    Wolfhard Semmler

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von Kummer, R. et al. (1997). Hirn, Gesichtsschädel und Hals. In: Reiser, M., Semmler, W. (eds) Magnetresonanztomographie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97962-0_3

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