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Herzkrankheiten pp 1146–1159Cite as

Perikarditis

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Zusammenfassung

Das Perikard umhüllt mit visceralem und parietalem Blatt als bindegewebige Kapsel das Herz. Seine Größe paßt sich dem Herzgewicht an (Hort 1964). Der Herzbeutel hält mit seiner serösen Flüssigkeit von 20–50 ml Volumen und seinen glatten Innenflächen den Reibungswiderstand der sich bewegenden Flächen des Herzens gering, fixiert das Herz in seiner geometrischen Position bei Änderung von Körperlage, Bewegungsrichtung und seitendifferentem Druck im Pleuraraum und isoliert das Herz von anderen Thoraxstrukturen. Neben diesen mechanischen Funktionen erfüllt der Herzbeutel eine Reihe hämodynamischer Aufgaben. Er setzt der Dehnung des Herzmuskels eine obere Grenze. Bei erhöhtem Austreibungswiderstand für den linken Ventrikel begrenzt das Perikard das Schlagvolumen des rechten Ventrikels und wirkt bei der Anpassung der Schlagvolumina beider Ventrikel mit (Berglund et al. 1955).

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Schollmeyer, P., Bubenheimer, P. (1989). Perikarditis. In: Herzkrankheiten. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97060-3_49

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