Zusammenfassung
Die Cellulose ist, wie bereits S. 268 erwähnt, die weitverbreitetste organische Substanz auf der Erde. Die Kenntnisse über die Fermente, die bei der Synthese von Cellulose mitwirken, sind allerdings eng begrenzt.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Abrams, E.: Microbiological deterioration of cellulose during the first 72 hours of attack. Textile Res. J. 20, 71–86 (1950).
Aschan, K., and B. Norkrans: A study in the cellulolytic variation for wildtypes and mutants of Collybia velutipes. I. Physiol. Plantarum (Copenh.) 6, 564–583 (1953).
Bailey, I. W., and M. R. Vestal: The significance of certain wood-destroying fungi in the study of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. J. Arnold Arboretum 18, 196–205 (1937).
Basu, S. N., and D. R. Whitaker: Inhibition and stimulation of the cellulase of Myrothecium verrucaria. Arch. of Biochem. a. Biophysics 42, 12–24 (1953).
Biedermann, W., u. P. Moritz: Beiträge zur vergleichenden Physiologie der Verdauung. II. Über ein celluloselösendes Enzym im Lebersekret der Schnecke (Helix pomatia). Pflügers Arch. 73, 219–287 (1898).
Blum, R., and W. H. Stahl: Enzymic degradation of cellulose fibers. Textile Res. J. 22, 178–192 (1952).
Bose, S. R.: Enzymes of wood-rotting fungi. Erg. Enzymforsch. 8, 267–276 (1939).
Bose, S. R., and S. N. Sarkar: Enzymes of some wood-rotting Polypores. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond., Ser. B 123, 193–213 (1937).
Boswell, J. G.: The biological decomposition of cellulose. New Phytologist 40, 20–33 (1941).
Brown, H. T., and G. H. Morris: Researches on the germination of some of the Gramineae. J. Chem. Soc. (Lond.) 57, 458–528 (1890).
Büter, H.: Kritische Untersuchung einiger Verdauungsfermentpräparate des Handels. Dtsch. Apotheker-Ztg 56, 614–615 (1941).
Buston, H. W., and A. Jabbar: Synthesis of β-linked glucosaccharides by extracts of Chaetomium globosum. Biochim. et Biophysica Acta 15, 543–548 (1954).
Chambers, T. C.: Use of snail stomach cytase in plant cytology. Nature (Lond.) 175, 215 (1955).
Crewther, W. G. and F. G. Lennox: Enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae. III. The sequence of appearance and some properties of the enzymes liberated during growth. Austral. J. Biol. Sci. 6, 410–427 (1953).
Crook, E. M., and B. A. Stone: Formation of oligosaccharides during the enzymic hydrolysis of β-glucosides. Proc.Biochem. Soc, Biochem. J. 55, XXV (1953).
Enebo, L.: Studies in cellulose decomposition by an anaerobic thermophilic bacterium and two associated non-cellulolytic species. Diss. Roy. Techn. Coll. (Stockh.) 1954, 1–117.
Enebo, L., E. Sandegren and L. Ljungdahl: Cell wall decomposing enzymes of barley and malt. II. Cellulase increase during germination and influence of sugars on cellulase activity. J. Inst. Brewing 59, 205–211 (1953).
Fabergé, A. C.: Snail stomach cytase, a new reagent for plant cytology. Stain Technol. 20, 1–4 (1945).
Fåhraeus, G.: Studies in aerobic cellulose decomposition. I. The course of cellulose decomposition by Cytophaga. Ann. Agric. Coll. Sweden 12, 1–22 (1944).
Enzyme preparations from cellulose-decomposing bacteria. Experientia (Basel) 2, 413–415 (1946).
Studies in the cellulose decomposition by Cytophaga. Symbolae bot. Upsalienses 9, Nr. 2, 1–128 (1947).
Further studies in the formation of laccase by Polyporus versicolor. Physiol. Plantarum (Copenh.) 7, 704–712 (1954).
Faust, O., P. Karrer u. P. Schubert: Polysaccharide. XXXVIII. Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Verhaltens von Viscoseseiden zu Schneckencellulase. Helvet. chim. Acta 11, 231–233 (1928).
Florkin, M., and F. Lozet: Origine bactérienne de la cellulase du contenu intestinal de l’escargot. Arch. internat. Physiol. 57, 201–207 (1949).
Freudenberg, K., u. T. Ploetz: Über die Verschiedenheit von Cellulase und Lichenase. 1. Mitt. Über den enzymatischen Abbau polymerer Kohlenhydrate. Z. physiol. Chem. 259, 19–27 (1939).
Frey-Wyssling, A.: Growth of plant cell walls. Symposia Soc. Exper. Biol. 6, 320–328 (1952).
Gilligan, W., and E. T. Reese: Evidence for multiple components in microbial cellulases. Canad. J. Microbiol. 1, 90–107 (1954).
Giri, K. V., V. N. Nigam and K. S. Srinivasan: Synthesis of oligosaccharides during enzymatic hydrolysis of cellobiose by Aspergillus flavus. Nature (Lond.) 173, 953 (1954).
Goerdeler, J.: Lichenase-Extraktion aus Gerste. Z. Naturforsch. 3b, 403–406 (1948).
Grassmann, W., u. H. Rubenbauer: Über Zellulase und Hemizellulase mit besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer therapeutischen Anwendung. Münch, med. Wschr. 1931, 1817–1819.
Enzymes from molds. U. S. Pat. 2 102315 Dez. 14, 1937.
Grassmann, W., R. Stadler u. R. Bender: Zur Spezifität cellulose- und hemicellulosespaltender Enzyme. 1. Mitt. über enzymatische Spaltung von Polysacchariden. Liebigs Ann. 502, 20–40 (1933a).
Grassmann, W., L. Zechmeister, G. Tóth u. R. Stadler: Über den enzymatischen Abbau der Cellulose und ihrer Spaltprodukte. 2. Mitt. über enzymatische Spaltung von Polysacchariden. Liebigs Ann. 503, 167–179 (1933b).
Greathouse, G. A.: Microbiological degradation of cellulose. Textile Res. J. 20, 227–238 (1950).
Greenfield, L. J., and C. E. Lane: Cellulose digestion in teredo. J. of Biol. Chem. 204, 669–672 (1953).
Hammerstrom, R. A., K. D. Claus, J. W. Coghlan and R. H. Mc Bee: The constitutive nature of bacterial cellulases. Arch. of Biochem. a. Biophysics 56, 123–129 (1955).
Hirsch, H. M.: Temperature-dependent cellulase production by Neurospora crassa and its ecological implications. Experientia (Basel) 10, 180–182 (1954).
Holden, M.: A study of enzymes that can break down tobacco-leaf components. 5. Unfractionated fungal enzymes. Biochemic. J. 47, 426–431 (1950).
Holden, M., N. W. Pirie and M. V. Tracey: A study of enzymes that can break down tobacco-leaf components. 1. Digestive juice of Helix on leaf fibre. Biochemic. J. 47, 399–407 (1950).
Holden, M., and M. V. Tracey: A study of enzymes that can break down tobacco-leaf components. 2. Digestive juice of Helix on defined substrates. Biochemic. J. 47, 407–414 (1950).
Hungate, R. E.: Further experiments on cellulose digestion by the protozoa in the rumen of cattle. Biol. Bull. 84, 157–163 (1943a).
Quantitative analyses on the cellulose fermentation by termite protozoa. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 36, 730–739 (1943b).
Husemann, E., u. R. Lötterle: Über den fermentativen Abbau von Polysacchariden. I. Der heterogene Abbau von Cellulose. Makromolekulare Chem. 4, 278–288 (1950).
Husemann, E., E. Loës u. R. Lötterle: Über den fermentativen Abbau von Polysacchariden. II. Die Bestimmung der Aktivität von Cellulase, Xylanase und Mannanase. Makromolekulare Chem. 6, 163–173 (1951).
Janke, A.: Der Abbau der Zellulose durch Mikroorganismen. Österr. bot. Z. 96, 399–443 (1949).
Jermyn, M. A.: Fungal cellulases. I. General properties of unpurified enzyme preparations from Aspergillus oryzae. Austral. J. Sci. Res., B Biol. Sci. 5, 409–432 (1952a).
Fungal cellulases. II. The complexity of enzymes from Aspergillus oryzae that split β-glucosidic linkages, and their partial separation. Austral. J. Sci. Res., B Biol. Sci. 5, 433–443 (1952b).
Fungal cellulases. III. Stachybotrys atra: Growth and enzyme production on nonceilulosic substrates. Austral. J. Biol. Sci. 6, 48–69 (1953).
Kalninš, A.: Aerobic soil bacteria that decompose cellulose. Acta Univ. Latv., Lauksaimniecības Fak. Ser. 1, 221–312 (1930).
Karrer, P., u. H. Illing: Polysaccharide. XXXII. Über die Kinetik des enzymatischen Celluloseabbaues. Helvet. chim. Acta 8, 245–247 (1925).
Karrer, P., B. Joos u. M. Staub: Polysaccharide. XXI. Zur Kenntnis des Lichenins. II. Helvet. chim. Acta 6, 800–816 (1923).
Karrer, P., u. M. Staub: Polysaccharide. XXVII. Zur Kenntnis der Lichenase. Helvet. chim. Acta 7, 916–928 (1924).
Karrer, P., M. Staub, A. Weinhagen u. B. Joos: Polysaccharide. XXII. Zur Kenntnis der Lichenase und Reservecellulose (Lichenin). Helvet. chim. Acta 7, 144–154 (1924).
Karreth, A.: Cellulose- und hemicellulosespaltende Enzyme. D.R.P. 745081. Dec. 2, 1943.
Kitts, W. D., and L. A. Underkofler: Digestion by rumen microorganisms. Hydrolytic products of cellulose and the cellulolytic enzymes. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2, 639–645 (1954).
Kohnstamm, P.: Amylolytische, glycosidspaltende, proteolytische und celluloselösende Fermente in holzbewohnenden Pilzen. Beih. bot. Zbl. 10, 90–121 (1901).
Kooiman, P., P. A. Roelofsen and S. Sweeris: Some properties of cellulase from Myrothecium verrucaria. Enzymologia (Den Haag) 16, 237–246 (1953).
Levinson, H. S., G. R. Mandels and E. T. Reese: Products of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and its derivatives. Arch. of Biochem. a. Biophysics 31, 351–365 (1951).
Levinson, H. S., and E. T. Reese: Enzymatic hydrolysis of soluble cellulose derivatives as measured by changes in viscosity. J. Gen. Physiol. 33, 601–628 (1950).
Lindeberg, G.: On the decomposition of lignin and cellulose in litter caused by soil-inhabiting Hymenomycetes. Ark. Bot. A 33, (Stockh.), Nr. 10, 1–16 (1946).
Marsh, P. B., K. Bollenbacher, M. L. Butler and L. R. Guthrie: „S Factor“, a microbial enzyme which increases the swelling of cotton in alkali. Textile Res. J. 23, 878–888 (1953).
Marsh, P. B., K. Bollenbacher, M. L. Butler and K. B. Raper: The fungi concerned in fiber deterioration. II. Their ability to decompose cellulose. Textile Res. J. 19, 462–484 (1949).
Newcombe, F. C.: Cellulose-Enzymes. Ann. of Bot. 13, 49–81 (1899).
Nisizawa, K., and T. Kobayashi: Cellulose-splitting enzymes 2. Mode of action of Irpex-cellulase upon its substrates. J. Agric. Chem. Soc. Jap. 27, 239–242 (1953).
Norkrans, B.: Influence of cellulolytic enzymes from hymenomycetes on cellulose preparations of different crystallinity. Physiol. Plantarum (Copenh.) 3, 75–87 (1950a).
Studies in growth and cellulolytic enzymes of Tricholoma. Symbolae bot. Upsalienses 11, Nr 1, 1–126 (1950b).
Norkrans, B., and K. Aschan: a study in the cellulolytic variation for wildtypes and mutants of Collybia velutipes. II. Relations to different nutrient media. Physiol. Plantarum (Copenh.) 6, 829–836 (1953).
Peat, S., W. J. Whelan and K. a. Hinson: Synthetic action of almond emulsin. Nature (Lond.) 170, 1056–1057 (1952).
Pigman, W.: Cellulases, hemicellulases, and related enzymes. In: J. Sumner and K. Myrbäck, The enzymes, vol. I/2, p. 725–744. 1951.
Ploetz, T.: Über einige Enzyme des Hausschwamms (Merulius lacrymans). 2. Mitt. über den enzymatischen Abbau polymerer Kohlenhydrate. Z. physiol. Chem. 261, 183–188 (1939).
Pochon, J.: La digestion de la cellulose et les cellulases dans la série animale. Rev. gén. Sci. pures appl. 47, 55–59 (1936).
La fermentation anaërobie de la cellulose. Ann. Fermentations 8, 67–92 (1943).
Preece, I. A., R. A. Aitken and J. A. Dick: Nonstarchy polysaccharides of cereal grains. VI. Preliminary study of the enzymolysis of barley β-glucosan. J. Inst. Brewing 60, 497–507 (1954).
Pringsheim, H.: Über den fermentativen Abbau der Cellulose. Z. physiol. Chem. 78, 266–291 (1912).
Pringsheim, H., u. K. Baur: Über die Spaltung von Lichenin und Cellulose durch die Fermente des Gerstenmalzes. Z. physiol. Chem. 173, 188–210 (1928).
Pringsheim, H., u. A. Beiser: Über die Trennung der Fermente des Gerstenmalzes. II. Mitt.: Lichenase und Cellobiase. Biochem. Z. 172, 411–421 (1926).
Pringsheim, H., u. W. Kusenack: Über Lichenin und die Lichenase. V. Mitt. über Hemicellulosen. Z. physiol. Chem. 137, 265–271 (1924).
Pringsheim, H., u. K. Seifert: Über die fermentative Spaltung des Lichenins. III. Mitt. über Hemicellulosen. Z. physiol. Chem. 128, 284–289 (1923).
Ray, D. L., and J. R. Julian: Occurrence of cellulase in Limnoria. Nature (Lond.) 169, 32–33 (1952).
Reese, E. T., and M. H. Downing: Activity of the Aspergilli on cellulose, cellulose derivatives and wool. Mycologia (N.Y.) 43, 16–28 (1951).
Reese, E. T., and W. Gilligan: Separation of components of cellulolytic systems by paper chromatography. Arch. of Biochem. a. Biophysics 45, 74–82 (1953).
The swelling factor in cellulose hydrolysis. Textile Res. J. 24, 663–669 (1954).
Reese, E. T., and H. S. Levinson: A comparative study of the breakdown of cellulose by microorganisms. Physiol. Plantarum (Copenh.) 5, 345–366 (1952).
Reese, E. T., H. S. Levinson, M. H. Downing and W. L. White: Quartermaster culture collection. Farlowia 4, 45–86 (1950).
Reese, E. T., R. G. H. Siu and H. S. Levinson: The biological degradation of soluble cellulose derivatives and its relationship to the mechanism of cellulose hydrolysis. J. Bacter. 59, 485–497 (1950).
Sandegren, E., and L. Enebo: Cell wall decomposing enzymes of barley and malt. I. Determination and stability investigations. J. Inst. Brewing 58, 198–203 (1952).
Saunders, R. R., R. G. H. Siu and R. N. Genest: A cellulolytic enzyme preparation from Myrothecium verrucaria. J. of Biol. Chem. 174, 697–703 (1948).
Seillière, G.: Sur un cas d’hydrolyse diastatique de la cellulose du coton, après dissolution dans la liqueur de Schweitzer. C. r. Soc. Biol. Paris 61, 205–206 (1906).
Remarques sur l’hydrolyse diastasique de la cellulose du coton et de quelques autres polysaccharides. C. r. Soc. Biol. Paris 63, 515–517 (1907).
Silberschmidt, K.: Versuche über die Wirkung von Zellulase und Hemizellulase auf pflanzliche Objekte in vitro. Münch. med. Wschr. 1931, 1819–1824.
Simola, P. E.: Über den Abbau der Cellulose durch Mikroorganismen. II. Ann. Acad. Sci. fenn., Ser. A 34 Nr 6, 1–115 (1931).
Siu, R. G. H.: Mechanism of microbiological decomposition of cellulose. Textile Res. J. 20, 281–288 (1950).
Microbial decomposition of cellulose. New York: Reinhold Publishing Corp. 1951.
Siu, R. G. H., R. T. Darby, P. R. Burkholder and E. S. Barghoorn: Specificity of microbiological attack on cellulose derivatives. Textile Res. J. 19, 484–488 (1949).
Siu, R. G. H., and E. T. Reese: Decomposition of cellulose by microorganisms. Bot. Review 19, 377–416 (1953).
Stanier, R. Y.: The Cytophaga group: a contribution to the biology of Myxobacteria. Bacter. Rev. 6, 143–196 (1942).
Stuart, N. W., and S. L. Emsweller: Use of enzymes to improve cytological techniques. Science (Lancaster, Pa.) 98, 569–570 (1943).
Thaysen, A. C., and H. J. Bunker: The microbiology of cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectin and gums. London: Oxford Univ. Press 1927.
Tracey, M. V.: Cellulase from leaves and roots of tobacco. Biochemic. J. 47, 431–433 (1950).
Cellulases. Biochem. Soc. Symposia 11, 49–61 (1953).
Wainwright, S.D.: Formation of a bacterial adaptive enzyme system in the absence of substrate: production of nitratase by Bact. coli without nitrate. Brit. J. Exper. Path. 31, 495–506 (1951).
Walseth, C. S.: Occurrence of cellulases in enzyme preparations from microorganisms. Tappi 35, 228–233 (1952a).
The influence of the fine structure of cellulose on the action of cellulases. Tappi 35, 233–238 (1952b).
Weidenhagen, R.: Glukanasen. In: E. Bamann und K. Myrbäck, Methoden der Fermentforschung, Bd. II, S. 1903–1909. Leipzig: Georg Thieme 1941.
Whistler, R. L., and C. L. Smart: Isolation of crystalline d-glucose and cellobiose from an enzymatic hydrolyzate of cellulose. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 75, 1916–1918 (1953).
Whitaker, D. R.: Purification of the cellulase of Myrothecium verrucaria. Nature (Lond.) 168, 1070 (1951).
An effect of proteins and proteoses on the cellulase of Myrothecium verrucaria. Science (Lancaster, Pa.) 116, 90–92 (1952).
Purification of Myrothecium verrucaria cellulase. Arch. of Biochem. a. Biophysics 43, 253–268 (1953).
Hydrolysis of a series of β-1,4’-oligoglucosides by Myrothecium verrucaria cellulase. Arch. of Biochem. a. Biophysics 53, 439–449 (1954).
Whitaker, D. R., J. R. Colvin and W. H. Cook: The molecular weight and shape of Myrothecium verrucaria cellulase. Arch. of Biochem. a. Biophysics 49, 257–262 (1954).
White, W. L., R. T. Darby, G. M. Stechert and K. Sanderson: Assays of cellulolytic activity of molds isolated from fabrics and related items exposed in the tropics. Mycologia (N. Y.) 40, 34–84 (1948).
Winogradsky, S.: Etudes sur la microbiologie du sol. IV. Sur la dégradation de la cellulose dans le sol. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 43, 549–633 (1929).
Ziese, W.: Über die Einwirkung von Fermenten des Magensaftes von Helix pomatia und solcher des Gerstenmalzes auf Celluloseglykoläther. Z. physiol. Chem. 203, 87–116 (1931).
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1958 Springer-Verlag oHG. Berlin · Göttingen · Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Fåhraeus, G. (1958). Fermente des Auf- und Abbaues der Cellulose. In: Åberg, B., et al. Aufbau · Speicherung · Mobilisierung und Umbildung der Kohlenhydrate / Formation · Storage · Mobilization and Transformation of Carbohydrates. Handbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie / Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, vol 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-94731-5_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-94731-5_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-94732-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-94731-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive