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Chemisorption on Nonmetallic Surfaces

  • Chapter
Catalysis

Part of the book series: CATALYSIS — Science and Technology ((CATALYSIS,volume 3))

Abstract

There are many different types of active sites on the surface of the non-metallic solid and there are correspondingly many different types of bonding of an adsorbate atom or molecule to the surface. Covalent bonding, acid- base bonding, bonding based on crystal field effects, hydrogen bonding, and ionosorption are the main categories. Covalent bonding describes the case where an electron pair is shared in a hybrid bonding orbital between an adsorbing atom and the solid, the atom of the solid contributing one unpaired electron, the adsorbing atom contributing the other unpaired electron to form the pair. Acid-base bonding is the case where both electrons in the pair are contributed either by the solid or by the adsorbing atom, and this electron pair is shared in a bonding orbital betweeen the adsorbate and the surface atom of the solid. Crystal field effects are in part electrostatic effects associated with the position of the adsorbate relative to directional bonding orbitals in the solid, although again electrons are shared in bonding orbitals between the solid and the sorbate. Such crystal field effects are most important when the orbitals provided at the solid surface are d-orbitals of transition metal ions. Hydrogen bonding describes the sharing of a proton between oxygen on the solid and on the adsorbate. Ionosorption is the formation of an adsorbed ion by transfer of electrons between defects deep in the solid and the adsorbate. Ionosorption is unique to nonmetals, there is no parallel behavior in the case of adsorption on metals.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Energy Research Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., V5A IS6, Canada

    S. R. Morrison

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  1. S. R. Morrison
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. CSIRO Division of Materials Science Catalysis and Surface Science Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    John R. Anderson

  2. Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Michel Boudart

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© 1982 Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg

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Morrison, S.R. (1982). Chemisorption on Nonmetallic Surfaces. In: Anderson, J.R., Boudart, M. (eds) Catalysis. CATALYSIS — Science and Technology, vol 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93223-6_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93223-6_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-93225-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-93223-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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