Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Defects and Abnormalities of Wood

  • Chapter
Principles of Wood Science and Technology

Abstract

From the point of view of economics, a defect in wood is any feature that lowers its value on the market. It may be an abnormality that decreases the strength of the wood or a characteristic that limits its use for a particular purpose. There is a certain amount of risk involved in classifying an abnormality as a defect because what is judged to be definitely unsuitable for one application may prove to be ideal for a different or special use.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literature Cited

  • Anderson, E. A., (1944) Detection of compression failures in wood. U. S. For. Prod. Lab. Report No. 1588.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryan, E. L., (1960) Collapse and its removal in Pacific Madrone. For. Prod. J. X: 598–604.

    Google Scholar 

  • Core, H.A., (1962) Variables affecting the formation of compression wood in plantation red pine. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, State Univ. College of Forestry at Syracuse Univ., Syracuse, N. Y.

    Google Scholar 

  • Core, H.A., Côté, W. A., Jr. and Day, A. C., (1961) Characteristics of compression wood in some native conifers. For. Prod. J. XI: 356–362.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dadswell, H. E. and Wardrop, A. B., (1949) What is reaction wood? Australian Forestry 13: 22–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dadswell, H. E. and Wardrop, A. B., (1955) The structure and properties of tension wood. Holzforschung 9: 97–104.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graf, O., (1938) Tragfähigkeit der Bauhölzer und der Holzverbindungen. Mitt. Fachaussch. Holzfragen No. 20, Berlin, VDI-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann, F., (1932) Untersuchungen über Ursachen und Gesetzmäßigkeit excentrischen Dickenwachstums bei Nadel- und Laubbäumen. Forstwiss. Centralbl. 54: 497–517, 547–566, 581–590, 622–634.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kemp, A. E., (1959) Collapse in aspen during kiln drying. For. Prod. J. IX: 124–130.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klauditz, W. and Stolley, I., (1955) Über die biologisch-mechanischen und technischen Eigenschaften des Zugholzes. Holzforschung 9: 5–10.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knuchel, H., (1947) Holzfehler. Werner Classen Verlag, Zürich. 119 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koehler, A., (1929) Raised grain—its causes and prevention. Southern Lumberman 137: p.210M.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koehler, A., (1940) More about loosened grain. Southern Lumberman 161: 171–173.

    Google Scholar 

  • Limbach, J. P., (1945) Compression failures in wood detected by the application of carbon tetrachloride to the surface. U. S. For. Prod. Lab. Report No. 1591.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lorenz, R. C., (1944) Discolorations and decay resulting from increment borings in hardwoods. J. Forestry 42: 37–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malcolm, F. B., (1956) (Reprinted 1963) A simplified procedure for developing grade lumber from hardwood logs. U. S. For. Prod. Lab. Report No. 2056.

    Google Scholar 

  • Noskowiak, A. F., (1963) Spiral grain in trees—a review. For. Prod. J. XIII: 266–275.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pillow, M. Y., (1950) Presence of tension wood in mahogany in relation to longitudinal shrinkage. U. S. For. Prod. Lab. Report No. D 1763.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pillow, M. Y. and Luxford, R. F., (1937) Structure, occurrence and properties of compression wood. Tech. Bull. No. 546, U. S. Dept. Agric, Washington, D. C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, E. F., (1961) Dry Kiln Operator’s Manual. Agric. Handbook No. 188. U. S. For. Prod. Lab. U. S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D. C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roth, E. R., (1950) Discoloration in living yellow-poplar trees. J. Forestry 48: 184–185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siimes, F. E., (1944) Mitteilungen über die Untersuchung über die Festigkeitseigenschaften der finnischen Schnittwaren. Silvae Orbis 15: 60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinnott, E. W., (1952) Reaction wood and the regulation of tree form. Am. J. Bot. 37: 69–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tiemann, H. D., (1942) Wood Technology. Pitman Publ. Corp., New York. 316 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trendelenburg, R., (1939) Das Holz als Rohstoff. J. F. Lehmanns Verlag, München and Berlin. 435 pp.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Wilfred A. Côté
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1968 Springer-Verlag, Berlin · Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Côté, W.A. (1968). Defects and Abnormalities of Wood. In: Principles of Wood Science and Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87928-9_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87928-9_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-87930-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-87928-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation