Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Noise in Physical Systems pp 122–133Cite as

1/f-Noise

  • Conference paper

Part of the Springer Series in Electrophysics book series (SSEP,volume 2)

Abstract

Low frequency fluctuations showing a power spectral density inversely proportional to the frequency are observed in various physical, technical, biological, and economic systems. This peculiar phenomenon which is called 1/f-noise or flicker-noise has stimulated the research efforts of numerous scientists since the early work of JOHNSON [1] and SCHOTTKY [2]. In the past an impressive number of papers have been devoted to the experimental and theoretical aspects of 1/f-noise. Today this subject seems to be more fascinating than ever before. A remarkable sign of growing interest has been the Tokyo Symposium in 1977 [3], which solely dealt with 1/f-fluctuations. Table 1 reviews important systems in which 1/f-fluctuations have been observed. The observed quantities x are given together with some references.

Keywords

  • Power Spectral Density
  • Solid State Electronics
  • Bipolar Transistor
  • Noise Power Spectral Density
  • Junction Diode

These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Chapter
EUR   29.95
Price includes VAT (Finland)
  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-87640-0_18
  • Chapter length: 12 pages
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
eBook
EUR   85.59
Price includes VAT (Finland)
  • ISBN: 978-3-642-87640-0
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
Softcover Book
EUR   109.99
Price includes VAT (Finland)
  • ISBN: 978-3-642-87642-4
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Free shipping worldwide
    See shipping information.
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. J.B. Johnson: Phys. Rev. 26, 71–85 (1925)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. W. Schottky: Phys. Rev. 28, 74–103 (1926)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. Proc. Symposium on 1/f FTTictuations, Tokvo(1977)

    Google Scholar 

  4. D.A. Bell: Electrical Noise (van Nostrand, London 1960 )

    Google Scholar 

  5. F.N. Hooge: Physica 83 B+C, 14–23 (1976)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  6. J. Clark and R.F. Voss: Phys. Rev.Letters 33, 24–27 (1974)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. F.N. Hooge and J.L. Gaal: Philips Res. Repts. 26, 77–90 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  8. D.J. van Ooijen and G.J. van Gurp: Philips Res. Repts. 21, 343–367 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  9. J.R. Clem: Phys. Rev. B1, 2140–2155 (1970)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. H.M. Choe and A. van der Ziel: Physica 81B, 237–244 (1976)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  11. H. Rothe und W. Kleen: Elektronenröhren als Anfan,gsstufenverstärker (Akademische Verlagsges., Leipzig 1948 ), Kap. XV

    Google Scholar 

  12. A. van der Ziel: in: Noise in Electronic Devices, ed. by L.D. Smullin and H.A. Haus ( Wiley, New York 1959 ) Chapter 2

    Google Scholar 

  13. H. Pfeiffer: Elektronisches Rauschen (J.A. Mayer V., Aachen 1962 )

    Google Scholar 

  14. A. van der Ziel: Proc. IEEE, 58, 1178–1206 (1970)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  15. S.T. Hsu: IEEE Trans. Electr. Devices, ED-17, 496–506 (1970)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  16. S.T. Hsu: IEEE Trans. Electr. Devices, ED-18, 882–887 (1971)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  17. E.L. Wall: Solid State Electronics 19, 389–396 (1976)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. T.J. Boehm, H.R.Bilger and J.L. Tancson: Proc. Symposium on 1/f-Fluctuations, Tokyo (1977) pp. 62–67

    Google Scholar 

  19. F.N. Hooge and J.L.M. Gaal: Philips Res. Repts. 26, 345–358 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Th.G.M. Kleinpenning: Physica 77, 78–98 (1974)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. J.A. Barnes et al.: IEEE Trans on Instr. and Measurement, IM-20, 105–120 (1971)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  22. D.W. Allen: Proc. Symposium on 1/f-Fluctuations, Tokyo (1977) pp. 158–172

    Google Scholar 

  23. J.J. Gagnepain and J. Uebersfeld: Proc. Symposium on 1/f-Fluctuations, Tokyo (1977) pp. 173–181

    Google Scholar 

  24. W.H. Munk: The rotation of the Earth (Cambridge Univ. Press, New York 1960 ) p. 192

    Google Scholar 

  25. J.A. Barnes and D.W. Allan: Frequency 5, 15 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  26. N. Matsunami and K. Nakajima: Proc. Symposium on 1/f-Fluctuations, Tokyo (1977) pp. 192–198

    Google Scholar 

  27. R.F. Voss and J. Clarke: Nature 258, 317–318 (1975)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. R.F. Voss: Proc. Symposium on 1/f-Fluctuations, Tokyo(1977) pp. 199–205

    Google Scholar 

  29. A.A. Verveen and H.E. Derksen: Proc. IEEE 56, 906–916 (1968)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  30. A.A. Verveen et al.: Proc. Symposium on 1/T-Fluctuations, Tokyo (1977) pp. 97–105

    Google Scholar 

  31. T. Musha and H. Higuchi: Jap.J.Appl.Phys. 15, 1271–1275 (1976)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. A. van der Ziel: Proc. Symposium on 1/f-Fluctuations, Tokyo (1977) pp. 1–6

    Google Scholar 

  33. F.N. Hooge: Proc. Symposium on 1/f-Fluctuations, Tokyo (1977) pp. 88–96

    Google Scholar 

  34. F.N. Hooge and A.M.H. Hoppenbrouwers: Physica 42, 331–339 (1969)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. J.J. Brophy: Phys. Rev. 166, 827–831 (1968)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. M. Stoisiek and D. Wolf: J. Appl. Phys. 47, 362–364 (1976)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. J.J. Brophy: J. Appl. Phys. 40, 3551–3553 (1969)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. J.J. Brophy: J. Appl. Phys. 41, 2913–2916 (1970)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. J.K.E. Tunaley: J. Appl. Phys. 43, 3851–3855 (1972)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. J.L. Tandon and H.R. Bilger: J.—Appl. Phys. 47, 1697–1701 (1976)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. J.M. Ribeyrol:Thèse, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  42. J.C. Martin, D. Esteve, G. Blasquez, and J.M. Ribeyrol: Electronic Letters 6, 128–130 (1970)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  43. A. van der Ziel: Physica 48, 242–246 (1970)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. F.N. Hooge and A.M.H. Hoppenbrouwers: Physica 45, 386–392 (1969)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. J.W. Eberhard and P.M. Horn: Phys. Rev. Letters 39, 643–646 (1977)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. E.J.P. May and J.M.K. Horwood: Proc. Symposium on 1/f-Fluctuations, Tokyo (1977) pp. 124–127

    Google Scholar 

  47. F.N. Hooge: Physics Letters 29A, 139–140 (1969)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. F.N. Hooge and A.M.H. Hoppencrouwers: Physics Letters 29A, 642–643 (1969)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. L.K.J. Vandamme and W.M.G. van Bokhoven: Appl. Phys. 14, 205–215 (1977)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. T.G.M. Kleinpenning: J. Appl. Phys. 48, 2946–2949 (1977)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. F.N. Hooge: Physica 60, 130–144 (1972)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. F.N. Hooge: private communication

    Google Scholar 

  53. R.F. Voss and J. Clark: Phys. Rev. B13, 556–573 (1976)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. L.K.J. Vandamme: Physics Letters 49A, 233–234 (1974)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. T.G.M. Kleinpenning: J. Phys.Chem: Solids 37, 925–928 (1976)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. J.T.M. Stroeken and T.G.M. Kleinpenning: TT Appl. Phys. 47, 4691–4692 (1976)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  57. F.N. Hooge: private communication

    Google Scholar 

  58. H.G.E. Beck: Solid State Electronics 20, 951–954 (1977)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  59. H.G.E. Beck and W.P. Spruit: private communication

    Google Scholar 

  60. T.G.M. Kleinpenning: Physica 84B, 353–361 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  61. A. McWhorter: Ph.D. thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts (1955)

    Google Scholar 

  62. M. Mikulinski and S. Fishman: Proc. Symposium on 1/f-Fluctuations, Tokyo (1977) pp. 7–11

    Google Scholar 

  63. P.H. Handel: Physics Letters 53A, 438–440 (1975)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  64. P.H. Handel: Physics Letters, In Linear and Nonlinear Electronic Transport in Solids, Proc. NATO Adv. Study Inst. Antwerpen 1975, ed. by J.T. Devreese and V.van Doren, ( Plenum Press, New York 1976 ) p. 515

    Google Scholar 

  65. P.H. Handel: Proc. Symposium on 1/f-Fluctuations, Tokyo (1977) pp. 12–18

    Google Scholar 

  66. O., Jäntsch and I. Feigt: Solid State Electronics 16, 1517–1520 (1973)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  67. O. Müller: IEEE Trans. Electron. Devices ED-21, 539–540 (1974).

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  68. B. Mandelbrot: IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory IT-13, 289–298 (1967)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  69. D. Halford: Proc. IEEE 56, 251–258 (1968)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  70. T.H. Bell jr.: J. Appl. Phys. 45, 1902–1904 (1974)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  71. A. Ambrozy: Electronic Letters T3, 137–138 (1977)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  72. H. Schönfeld: Zs. Naturforschung 10a, 291–300 (1955)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  73. D.A. Bell: Proc. Royal Soc. 72, 2–32 (1958)

    Google Scholar 

  74. S. Putterman: Phys. Rev. Letters 39, 585–587 (1977)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  75. V.V. Losev, Y.A. Oksman: Sovj. Phys. Semicond. 6, 442–443 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  76. T. Kawakubo: Proc. Symposium on 1/f-Fluctuations, Tokyo (1977) pp. 36–40

    Google Scholar 

  77. J.A. Barnes and D.W. Allen: Proc. IEEE 54, 176–178 (1966)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  78. S. Teitler and M.E.M. Osborne: J. Appl.—Phys. 41, 3274–3276 (1970)

    CrossRef  ADS  Google Scholar 

  79. J.L. Tandon: Ph.D. thesis, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  80. M. Agu and T. Kinoshita: Proc. Symposium on 1/f-Fluctuations, Tokyo (1977) pp. 41–48

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Angewandte Physik der Universität, D-6000, Frankfurt a.M., Fed. Rep. of Germany

    Dietrich Wolf

Authors
  1. Dietrich Wolf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Frankfurt, Robert-Mayer-Strasse 2-4, D-6000, Frankfurt a. M. 1, Fed. Rep. of Germany

    Professor Dr. Dietrich Wolf

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 1978 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Wolf, D. (1978). 1/f-Noise. In: Wolf, D. (eds) Noise in Physical Systems. Springer Series in Electrophysics, vol 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87640-0_18

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87640-0_18

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-87642-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-87640-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Search

Navigation