Skip to main content

Complications and Pitfalls in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Hamstring Tendons

  • Chapter
Book cover Knee Surgery

Abstract

It has become generally accepted that hamstring tendon autografts are an effective graft for replacement of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).1–6 They offer several advantages over other commonly used autografts, such as patellar tendons. Hamstring tendons, when doubled and combined, provide strong grafts with stiffness characteristics similar to a normal ACL.7 They have a large surface area for revascularization and their precise positioning is facilitated by not having a bone block attached.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Cho KO. Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament by semitendinosus tenodesis. J Bone Joint Surg 1975; 57A: 608–612.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Mott HW. Semitendinosus anatomic reconstruction for cruciate ligament insufficiency. Clin Orthop 1983; 172: 90–92.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Gomes JLE, Marczyk LRS. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a loop or double thickness of senitendinosus tendon. Am J Sports Med 1984; 12: 199203.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Marder RA, Raskin JR, Carroll M. Prospective evaluation of arthroscopically assisted anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: patellar tendon versus semitendinosus and gracilis tendons. Am J Sports Med 1991;19(5):478484.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Hormel S, Larson RV, Larry I. ACL reconstruction with double loops of semitendinosus and gracilis tendons: 3 year follow-up. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Orlando, FL, February 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Brown CH, Steiner ME, Carson EW. The use of hamstring tendons for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: technique and results. Clin Sports Med 1993; 12 (4): 723–753.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Noyes, FR, Butler DL, Grood ES, Zernicke RF, Hefzy MS. Biomechanical analysis of human ligament grafts used in knee ligament repairs and reconstructions. J Bone Joint Surg 1984; 66A: 344–352.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Steiner ME, Hecker AT, Brown CH, Hanes WC. Anterior cruciate ligament graft fixation: comparison of hamstring and patellar tendon grafts. Am J Sports Med 1994; 22: 240–247.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Rowden NJ, Sher D, Rogers GH, et al. Anterior cruciate ligament graft fixation: initial comparison of patellar tendon and semitendinosus autografts in young fresh cadavers. Am J Sports Med 1997; 25 (4): 472–477.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Rodeo SA, Arnoczky SP, Torzilli PA. Tendon-healing in a bone tunnel: a biomechanical and histological study in the dog. J Bone Joint Surg 1993; 75A: 1795–1803.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Lane LG, McFadden P, Bowden L, Amiel D. The ligamentization process: a four year case study following ACL reconstruction with a semitendinosus graft. J Arthro Rec Surg 1993; 9 (2): 149–153.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. O’Neill DB. Arthroscopically assisted reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament: a prospective randomized analysis of three techniques. J Bone Joint Surg 1996; 78A: 803–813.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Feagin JA, Wills RP, Lambert KL. Anterior cruicate ligament reconstruction: bone-patella tendon-bone versus semitendinosus anatomic reconstruction. Clin Orthop 1997; 341: 69–72.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Sidles JA, Larson RV, Garbini JL, et al. Ligament length relationships in the moving knee. J Orthop Res 1988; 6: 593–610.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Howell SM, Taylor MA. Failure of reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament due to impingement by the intercondylar roof. J Bone Joint Surg 1993; 75A: 1044 1055.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Brown C, Hammer D, Hecker A, et al. Biomechanics of semitendinosus and gracilis tendon grafts. In: Proceedings of Sports Medicine 2000. Stockholm, Sweden: 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Morgan C, Kalman V, Grawl D. Isometry testing for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction revisited. Arthroscopy 1995; 11: 647–659.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Krakow KA, Thomas SC, Jones LC. A new stitch for ligament tendon fixation. Brief note. J Bone Joint Surg 1986; 68A (5): 764–766.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Simonian PT, Behr CT, Stechschulte DJ. Potential pitfall of the Endobutton. Arthroscopy 1998; 14 (1): 66–69.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Lipscomb AB, Johnston RK, Snyder RB, Warburton MS, Gilbert PP. Evaluation of hamstring strength following the use of semitendinosus and gracilis tendons to reconstruct the anterior cruciate ligament. Am J Sports Med 1982; 10: 340–342.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Aglietti P, Buzzi R, Zaccherotti G, DeBiase P. Patellar tendon versus doubled semitendinosus and gracilis tendons for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Am J Sports Med 1994; 22: 211–218.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Karlson JA, Steiner ME, Brown CH, Johnson J. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using gracilis and semitendinosus tendons. Comparison of through the condyle and over the top graft placements. Am J Sports Med 1994; 22 (5): 659–666.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Kramer J, Nusca D, Fowler P, Webster-Bogaert S. Knee flexor and extensor strength during concentric and eccentric muscle actions after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using the semitendinosus tendon and ligament augmentation device. Am J Sports Med 1993; 21 (2): 285–291.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Yasuda K, Tsujino J, Yasumitsu O, et al. Graft site mor bidity with autogenous semitendinosus and gracilis tendons. Am J Sports Med 1995; 23 (6): 706–714.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Cross MJ, Anderson I, Roger G. Regeneration of the tendons of semitendinosus and gracilis following their transection for repair of the anterior cruciate ligament. Am J Sports Med 1989; 17: 709.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Simonian PT, Harrison SD, Cooley VJ, et al. Assessment of morbidity of semitendinosus and gracilis tendon harvest for ACL reconstruction. Am J Knee Surg 1997; 10 (2): 54–59.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Sgaglione NA, Del Pizzo W, Fox JM, Friedman MS. Arthroscopically assisted anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the pes anserine tendons. Comparison of results in acute and chronic ligament deficiency. Am J Sports Med 1993; 21 (2): 249–256.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Jackson DW, Schaefer RK. Cyclops syndrome: loss of extension following intraarticular anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arthroscopy 1990; 6: 171–178.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Howell SM, Taylor MA. Brace-free rehabilitation, with early return to activity for knees reconstructed with a double-looped semitendinosus and gracilis graft. J Bone Joint Surg 1996; 78A (6): 814–825.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Larson, R.V. (2001). Complications and Pitfalls in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Hamstring Tendons. In: Malek, M.M. (eds) Knee Surgery. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87202-0_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87202-0_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-87204-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-87202-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics