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Neurotoxic Phenylalkylamines and Indolealkylamines

  • Chapter
Selective Neurotoxicity

Part of the book series: Springer Study Edition ((SSE,volume 102))

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Abstract

The finding that the transport systems, storage mechanisms, and enzymes involved in the biosynthesis/metabolism of catecholamines in sympathetic adrenergic neurons have limited substrate specificity and, therefore, allow chemically related (and even structurally foreign) compounds to accumulate within adrenergic nerves and influence the storage, release, and metabolism of the natural transmitter served as the foundation of the “false transmitter” concept (cf. Thoenen 1969); this concept implies that the false transmitters may be handled within the sympathetic nerves like the natural transmitter, thereby influencing the intraneuronal disposition and release of the natural transmitter. Adrenergic neurotransmission may, in addition, be modified by differences in the affinity/activity of the substitute transmitter to/at pre- and/or postsynaptic binding sites in comparison with the natural transmitter. Working with hydroxylated positional isomers of dopamine such as 3,4,5-trihydroxyphenylethylamine (5-hydroxydopamine, 5-OH-DA) and 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylethylamine (6-hydroxy dopamine, 6-OH-DA), Tranzer and Thoenen (1967; Thoenen and Tranzer 1968) discovered that 5-OH-DA is handled by sympathetic nerves like norepinephrine (NE) but that it is less potent a releaser for NE and less potent a postsynaptic receptor stimulant than NE, although it shares the same biosynthetic and degradative pathways, thus resulting in weakening of adrenergic transmission.

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  1. H. G. Baumgarten
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  1. Institut für Pharmakologie, Freien Universität, Thielallee 69/73, 14195, Berlin, Germany

    Hans Herken

  2. Institut für Biochemie, Freien Universität, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany

    Ferdinand Hucho

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Baumgarten, H.G., Zimmermann, B. (1994). Neurotoxic Phenylalkylamines and Indolealkylamines. In: Herken, H., Hucho, F. (eds) Selective Neurotoxicity. Springer Study Edition, vol 102. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85117-9_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85117-9_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

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