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Modelling the Marine Biota

  • Conference paper
The Global Carbon Cycle

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASII,volume 15))

Abstract

Marine biota play an important role in the natural carbon cycle of the ocean. Biogenic particles are exported from the euphotic zone to the deep ocean and this ‘biological’ pump, in conjunction with the ‘solubility’ pump, maintains the vertical gradient of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). Model studies (Bacastow & Maier-Raimer, 1990; Shaffer, this volume) and analysis of GEOSECS data (Volk & Hoffert, 1985) suggest that the biological pump contributes between 60%-83% of the total DIC pump on a world-wide basis. If the marine biota were removed, the atmospheric pCO2 would increase from its present values of 335 ppmv to 460 ppmv (Shaffer, this volume). However, when modelling the oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2 it is generally assumed that the marine biota play no role in this process (Sarmiento et al., 1992). The reason for this assumption is that the high concentration of bicarbonate ions in seawater implies that marine plants should not be limited by CO2 (Fogg, 1975) and that, therefore, the anthropogenic increase in surface water DIC will not produce any increase in primary production. This situation is in contrast to the terrestrial biosphere where there is evidence for a CO2 fertilisation effect (Gifford, this volume).

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  1. James Rennell Centre for Ocean Circulation, Natural Environment Research Council, Chilworth Research Centre, Chilworth, SO1 7NS, Southampton, UK

    Michael J. R. Fasham

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  1. Max-Planck Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstrasse 55, D-20146, Hamburg, Germany

    Martin Heimann

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Fasham, M.J.R. (1993). Modelling the Marine Biota. In: Heimann, M. (eds) The Global Carbon Cycle. NATO ASI Series, vol 15. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84608-3_19

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