Abstract
The ureters, nestled snugly in their retroperitoneal course, lie close to many abdominal and pelvic structures. Primary ureteral as well as secondary abdominal and pelvic, nonureteral, surgical procedures may result in alterations in ureteral appearance. Evaluation of the postoperative ureter may involve many imaging modalities, including plain radiography, intravenous urography, retrograde ureteropyelography, antegrade pyeloureterography, angiography, radionuclide imaging, ultrasonography, computer tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Pfister and Newhouse 1978).
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Spring, D.B. (1994). The Postoperative Ureter. In: Lang, E.K. (eds) Radiology of the Lower Urinary Tract. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84431-7_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84431-7_4
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