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Nucleus suprachiasmaticus und Steuerung biologischer Rhythmen

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Schlaf und Schlafstörungen

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Zusammenfassung

Die Lokalisation der Hirnstrukturen, die für die Regulation des Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus verantwortlich sind, ist noch nicht in allen Einzelheiten aufgeklärt. Obwohl von einem Zentrum für Schlaf- und Wachregulation im engeren Sinne nicht gesprochen werden kann, ergibt sich derzeit folgendes Bild (s. auch Kap. 1): Die Formatio reticularis des Hirnstamms, insbesondere des Mesenzephalon, und ihre Fortsetzung in den Hypothalamus posterior, den medialen Thalamus und von dort zur Hirnrinde projizierende Fasern [14] scheinen für das „arousal“ (activating reticular arousal system — ARAS) eine Rolle zu spielen. Neurochemisch sind serotonerge Neurone des dorsalen Raphekerns, dopaminerge Neurone der Substantia nigra/Area tegmentalis ventralis und cholinerge Neurone des Mesenzephalon beteiligt. Der Hypothalamus posterior, der eine große Zahl von Histamin-Neuronen enthält, spielt eine Rolle für die Aufrechterhaltung des Wachzustands. Läsionen des Hypothalamus posterior und der mesenzephalen Formatio reticularis führen zu Somnolenz und Koma [27].

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Authors
  1. A. Weindl
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neurologische Klinik Hephata, Heinrich-Wiegand-Straße 57, D-3578, Schwalmstadt-Treysa, Deutschland

    Karlheinz Meier-Ewert

  2. Labor für Klinische Neurophysiologie, Psychiatrische Klinik der Freien Universität Berlin, Eschenallee 3, D-1000, Berlin 19, Deutschland

    Hartmut Schulz

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© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Weindl, A. (1990). Nucleus suprachiasmaticus und Steuerung biologischer Rhythmen. In: Meier-Ewert, K., Schulz, H. (eds) Schlaf und Schlafstörungen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84063-0_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84063-0_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-52073-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-84063-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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