Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Pathogenesis of Gram-negative Bacterial Infections

  • Conference paper
Update 1989

Part of the book series: Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine ((UICM,volume 8))

  • 181 Accesses

Abstract

Gram-negative micro-organisms such as Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomona-ceae are a normal part of the flora of the digestive tract. This close and peaceful coexistence may reflect a relatively low virulence of the bacteria. However, invasion of the blood stream can occur under certain circumstances, and may cause a life-threatening disease with circulatory shock, adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ failure, often with a fatal outcome.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Kreger BE, Craven DE, Carling PC, McCabe WR (1980) Gram-negative bacteremia III. Reassessment of etiology, epidemiology and ecology in 612 patients. Am J Med 68:332–343

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Kreger BE, Craven DE, McCabe WR (1980) Gram-negative bacteremia IV. Re-evaluation of clinical features and treatment in 612 patients. Am J Med 68:344–355

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Weil MH (1977) Current understanding of mechanisms and treatment of circulatory shock, caused by bacterial infection. Ann Clin Res 9:181–191

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Kalter ES (1984) Inflammatory mediators and acute infections. Resuscitation 11:133–140

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Armstrong D (1980) Infections in patients with neoplastic disease. In: Verhoef J, Peterson PK, Quie PG (eds) Infections in the immunocompromised host; pathogenesis, prevention and therapy. Elsevier/North Holland, Amsterdam, pp 129–158

    Google Scholar 

  6. Van der Waay D (1983) Colonization resistance. In: Easmon CSF, Gaya H (eds) Second Int. Symp. Infections in the Immunocompromised host. Academic Press Inc, London, pp 55–60

    Google Scholar 

  7. Stamm WE, Martin SM, Bennett JV (1977) Epidemiology of nosocomial infections due to gram-negative bacilli: aspects relevant to development and use of vaccins. J Infect Dis 136 (suppl):S151–S160

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Schimpff SC, Young VM, Greene WH, Vermeulen GD, Moody MR, Wiernik PH (1972) Origin of infection in acute non-lymphocytic leukemia: significance of hospital acquisition of potential pathogens. Ann Intern Med 77:707–714

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Costerton JW, Ingram JM, Cheng K-J (1974) Structure and function of the cell envelope of gram-negative bacteria. Bacteriol Rev 38:87–110

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Van Dijk WC, Verbrugh HA, Peters R, Van erne-van der Tol ME, Verhoef J (1979) Escherichia coli K antigen in relation to serum-induced lysis and phagocytosis. J Med Microbiol 12:123–130

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Horwitz MA, Silverstein SC (1980) Influence of the Escherichia coli capsule on complement fixation and on phagocytosis and killing by human phagocytes. J Clin Invest 65:82–94

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Galanos C, Lüderitz O, Rietschel ET, Westphal O (1977) Newer aspects of the chemistry and biology of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, with special reference to their lipid A component. In: Goodwin TW (ed) Int. Rev. Biochem, vol 14. University Park Press, Baltimore, pp 239–386

    Google Scholar 

  13. Morrison DC, Ulevitch RJ (1978) The effects of bacterial endotoxins on host mediation systems. Am J Pathol 93:527–618

    Google Scholar 

  14. Greisman SE, Hornick RB (1973) Mechanisms of endotoxin tolerance with special reference to man. J Infect Dis 128 (suppl):S265–S276

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Wolff SM (1973) Biological effects of bacterial endotoxins in man. J Infect Dis 128 (suppl):S259–S264

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Watson J, Kelly K, Whitlock CH (1980) Genetic control of endotoxin sensitivity. In: Schlesinger(ed) Microbiology-1980. American Society for Microbiology, Washington DC, pp 4–10

    Google Scholar 

  17. Michalek SM, Moore RN, McGhee JR, Rosenstreich DL, Merkenhagen SE (1982) The primary role of lymphoreticular cells in the mediation of host responses to bacterial endotoxin. J Infect Dis 146:746–750

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Morrison DC (1983) Bacterial endotoxins and pathogenesis. Rev Infect Dis 5 (suppl):S733–S747

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Carswell EA, Old LJ, Kassel RL, Green S, et al (1975) An endotoxin-induced serum factor that causes necrosis of tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 72:3666–3670

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Flick DA, Gifford GE (1986) Production of tumor necrosis factor in unprimed mice: Mechanisms of endotoxin-induced tumor necrosis. Immunology 171:320–328

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Westphal O, Jann K (1965) Bacterial lipopolysaccharides. Extraction with phenol-water and further applications of the procedure. In: Whistler RL (ed) Methods in carbohydrate chemistry. Academic Press, New York, 5:83–93

    Google Scholar 

  22. Yamazaki S, Oniski E, Enami K, et al (1986) Proposal of standardized methods and reference for assaying recombinant human tumor necrosis factor. Japan. J Med Sci Biol 39:105–118

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Beutler B, Cerami A (1987) Mechanisms of disease. Cachectin: more than a tumor necrosis factor. N Engl J Med 316(7):379–385

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Morrison DC, Cochrane CG (1974) Direct evidence for Hageman factor (factor XII) activation by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins). J Exp Med 140:797–811

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Kalter ES, Van Dijk WC, Timmermans A, Verhoef J, Bouma BN (1983) Activation of purified plasma prekallikrein triggered by cell wall fractions of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. J Infect Dis 148:682–691

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. J. Verhoef
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Intensive Care Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Route de Lennik 808, B-1070, Brussels, Belgium

    Jean Louis Vincent (Clinical Director) (Clinical Director)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Verhoef, J. (1989). Pathogenesis of Gram-negative Bacterial Infections. In: Vincent, J.L. (eds) Update 1989. Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, vol 8. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83737-1_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83737-1_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-50879-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-83737-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation