Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Heart & Brain, Brain & Heart pp 230–238Cite as

Echocardiography and Embolic Sources in the Heart

  • Conference paper

  • 120 Accesses

Abstract

The incidence of cerebral vascular accidents in patients with thrombo-embolic disease in the heart may be as high as 20%–30%. Myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, and mitral valve disease are the lesions most commonly associated with cerebral embolism.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Arvan S (1985) Persistent intracardiac thrombi and systemic embolization despite anticoagulant therapy. Am Heart J 109: 178–181

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Asinger RW, Mikell FL, Elsperger J, Hodges M (1981) Incidence of left ventricular thrombosis after acute transmural myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 305: 297–302

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Barnett HJM, Boughner DR, Taylor DW, Cooper PE, Kostuk WJ, Nichol PM (1980) Further evidence relating mitral valve prolapse to cerebral ischemic events. N Engl J Med 302:139–144

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Benichou M, Aubry J, Larbi MB (1983) Detection of left ventricular thrombi in the acute phase of myocardial infarction by two-dimensional echocardiography: a series of 103 cases (in French). Arch Mal Coeur 76: 1012–1019

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Bryhn M, Persson S (1984) The prevalence of mitral valve prolapse in healthy men and women in Sweden. Acta Med Scand 215: 157–160

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Cerebral Embolism Task Force (1986) Cardiogenic brain embolism. Arch Neurol 43: 71–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Devereux RB, Brown T, Kramer-Fox R, Sachs H (1982) Inheritance of mitral valve prolapse: effect of age and sex on gene expression. Ann Intern Med 97: 826–832

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Fairfax AJ, Lambert CD, Leatham A (1976) Systemic embolism in chronic sino-atrial disorder. N Engl J Med 295: 190–192

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Feigenbaum H (1986) Echocardiography, 4th edn. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  10. Fischer CM (1979) Reducing risks of cerebral embolism. Geriatrics 34: 59–66

    Google Scholar 

  11. Foale R, Smith G, Nihoyannopoulo P, Maseri A (1984) Left ventricular thrombus in acute myocardial infarction: best left alone? Circulation [Suppl] 70: II–310

    Google Scholar 

  12. Friedman M, Carlson K, Marcus FI, Woolfenden JM (1982) Clinical correlations in patients with acute myocardial infarction and left ventricular thrombus detected by two-dimensional echocardiography. Am J Med 72: 894–898

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Godtfredsen J (1975) Etiology, course and prognosis. A follow up study of 1212 cases. Munksgaard, Copenhagen

    Google Scholar 

  14. Gottdiener JS, Gay JA, Van Voorhees T - DiBianco R, Fletcher RD (1983) Frequency and embolic potential of left ventricular thromous in dilated cardiomyopathy: assessment by 2-dimensional echocardiography. Am J Cardiol 52: 1281–1285

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Hart RG, Easton JD (1982) Mitral valve prolapse and cerebral infarction. Stroke 13: 429–430

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Haugland JM, Asinger RW, Mikell FL, Elsperger KJ, Hodges M (1984) Embolic potential of left ventricular thrombus detected by two-dimensional echocardiography. Circulation 70: 588–598

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Herzog CA, Bass D, Kane M, Asinger R (1984) Two-dimensional echocardiography imaging of left atrial appendage thrombi. J Am Coll Cardiol 3: 1340–1344

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Hinton RC, Kistler JP, Fallon JT, Friedlich AL, Fischer CM (1977) Influence of etiology of atrial fibrillation on incidence of systemic embolism. Am J Cardiol 40: 509–513

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Johannessen K-A (1987) Peripheral emboli from left ventricular thrombi of different echocardiographic appearance in acute myocardial infarction. Arch Intern Med 147: 641–644

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Johannessen K-A, Nordrehaug JE, von der Lippe G (1984) Left ventricular thrombosis and cerebral vascular accident in acute myocardial infarction. Br Heart J 51: 553–556

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Johannessen K-A, von der Lippe G, Vollset SE (1986) Risk of peripheral emboli from left ventricular thrombi in acute myocardial infarction. Xth World Congress in Cardiology abstract, p 558

    Google Scholar 

  22. Johannessen K-A, Nordrehaug JE, von der Lippe G (1987) Left ventricular thrombi after short time high dose anticoagulants in acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 8: 975–980

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Keating EC, Gross SA, Schlamowitz RA, Glassmann J, Mazur JH, Pitt WA, Miller D (1983) Mural thrombi in myocardial infarctions. Am J Med 74: 989–995

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Levy D, Savage D (1987) Prevalence and clinical features of mitral valve prolapse. Am Heart J 113: 1281–1290

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. McDevitt E (1965) Treatment of cerebral embolism. Mod Treat 2: 52–63

    Google Scholar 

  26. Mikell FL, Asinger RW, Rowke T, Hodges M, Sharma B, Francis GS (1979) Two-dimensional echocardiographic demonstration of left atrial thrombi in patients with prosthetic mitral valves. Circulation 60: 1183–1190

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Nichol P, Kertesz A (1979) Two-dimensional echocardiographic detection of atrial thrombus in patients with mitral valve prolapse and strokes. Circulation [Suppl] 60: 11–18

    Google Scholar 

  28. Nordrehaug JE, Johannessen KA, von der Lippe G (1985) Usefulness of high-dose anticoagulants in preventing left ventricular thrombus in acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 55: 1491–1493

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Perloff JK, Child JS, Edwards JE (1986) New guidelines for the clinical diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse. Am J Cardiol 57: 1124–1129

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Pomerance A (1969) Ballooning deformity (mucoid degeneration) of atrioventricular valves. Br Heart J 31: 343–351

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Pruitt AA, Rubin RM, Karchmer AW, Duncan GW (1987) Neurologic complications of bacterial endocarditis. Medicine 57: 329–343

    Google Scholar 

  32. Sage JI, Van Uitert RL (1983) Risk of recurrent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation and non-valvular heart disease. Stroke 14: 537–540

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Sawyer CG, Bolin LB, Stevens EL, Daniel LB, O’Neill NC, Hayes DM (1958) Atrial fibrillation: its etiology, treatment and association with embolization. South Med J 51: 84–93

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Schweizer P, Bardos P, Erbel R, Meyer J, Merx W, Messmer BJ (1981) Detection of left atrial thrombi by echocardiography. Br Heart J 45: 148–156

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Shrestha NA, Moreno FL, Narciso FL, Narciso FV, Torres L, Calleja HB (1983) Two-dimensional echocardiographic diagnosis of left atrial thrombus in rheumatic heart disease. A elinicopathological study. Circulation 67: 341–347

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Strahan NV, Murphy EA, Fortuin NJ, Come PC, Humpheries JO (1983) Inheritance of mitral valve prolapse syndrome: discussion of a three-dimensional penetrance model. Am J Med 74: 967–972

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Sunagawa K, Onta Y, Tanaka S, Kikuchi Y, Nakamura M, Hirata T (1980) Left atrial ball thrombus diagnosed by two-dimensional echocardiography. Am Heart J 100: 89–94

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Visser CA, Kan G, Lie KI, Durrer D (1983) Left ventricular thrombus following acute myocardial infarction: a prospective serial echocardiographic study of 96 patients. Eur Heart J 4: 333–337

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Visser CA, Kan G, Meltzer RS, Dunning AJ, Roelandt J, Van Corler M, de Koning H (1985) Embolic potential of left ventricular thrombus after myocardial infarction: a two-dimensional echocardiographic study of 119 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 5: 1276–1280

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Warda M, Garcia J, Pechacek LW, Massumkhani A, Hall RJ (1985) Auscultatory and echocardiographic features of mobile left atrial thrombus. J Am Coll Cardiol 5: 379–382

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Weinreich DJ, Burke JF, Pauletto FJ (1984) Left ventricular mural thrombi complicating acute myocardial infarction. Ann Intern Med 100: 789–794

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Weinstein L, Schlesinger JJ (1974) Pathoanatomic, pathophysiologic and clinical correlation in endocarditis. N Engl J Med 291: 832–837

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Wolf PA, Dawler TR, Thomas HE, Kannel WB (1978) Epidemiologic assessment of chronic atrial fibrillation and risk of stroke: the Framingham study. Neurology 28: 973–977

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. K.-A. Johannessen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway

    Helge Refsum

  2. Department of Neurology Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway

    Ilmar A. Sulg

  3. Section of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway

    Knut Rasmussen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Johannessen, KA. (1989). Echocardiography and Embolic Sources in the Heart. In: Refsum, H., Sulg, I.A., Rasmussen, K. (eds) Heart & Brain, Brain & Heart. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83456-1_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83456-1_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-83458-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-83456-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation