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Leukemia pp 102–158Cite as

Biological and Clinical Significance of Immunological Cell Markers in Leukemia

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Part of the book series: Recent Results in Cancer Research ((RECENTCANCER,volume 93))

Abstract

In 1845, Rudolf Virchow [1] described a disease which he first called leukemia (“Weisses Blut”). In contrast to John Hughes Bennet [2], who the same year explained another case of leukocythemia as suppuration of the blood, Virchow suggested a disturbed regulation of maturation as the underlying pathophysiologic mechanism of the disease. After a century of increasing knowledge of morphologic criteria owing to the use of the microscope and of specialized staining techniques in a never-ending guest for more precise cellular identification, this maturation arrest of leukemic cells as described by Virchow was re-emphasized. Further such emphasis occurred when the advent of immunologic techniques offered the potential for specific identification of cells by their antigenic constitution. In recent years it has become evident that various levels of leukocyte differentiation can be precisely defined by a number of immunologic parameters. Experience with lymphocytes of rodents, birds, and man has taught us that cell populations which are functionally heterogeneous yet morphologically homogeneous can be differentiated with considerable precision by virtue of the cell surface properties of the constituent subpopulations. The T/B dichotomy of the immune system has become the best model for surface marker technology, and the definition of various levels of lymphocyte differentiation by immunological means has been particularly productive and useful. Studies in several laboratories have indicated that highly specific antisera, unique surface markers, and intracellular enzymes can be used for fine differentiation of cellular identities in the hematopoietic system.

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Thiel, E. (1984). Biological and Clinical Significance of Immunological Cell Markers in Leukemia. In: Thiel, E., Thierfelder, S. (eds) Leukemia. Recent Results in Cancer Research, vol 93. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82249-0_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82249-0_5

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