Abstract
We hope that the following list of definitions will help to avoid confusion and enable a better understanding. Where possible, the definitions are based on IEC recommendations.
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Abbreviations
- U :
-
any time-dependent voltage, also d.c. voltages
- u :
-
alternating voltage without d.c. component
- Û:
-
amplitude (peak value) of a voltage
- \(\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle-}$}}{U} \) :
-
complex voltage amplitude
- U r.m.s :
-
root-mean-square value of a voltage
- E :
-
computing unit voltage
- U T :
-
thermal voltage kT/e0 (k = Boltzmann’s constant, T=absolute temperature, e0 = charge of electron)
- U b :
-
supply voltage
- V + :
-
positive supply potential; in circuit diagrams indicated by (+)
- V − :
-
negative supply potential; in circuit diagrams indicated by(−)
- I :
-
any time-dependent current, also direct currents
- i :
-
alternating current without d.c. component
- Î:
-
amplitude (peak value) of a current
- \(\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle-}$}}{I} \) :
-
complex current amplitude
- I r.m.s. :
-
root-mean-square value of a current
- R :
-
ohmic resistance
- r :
-
incremental resistance
- \(\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle-}$}}{Z} \) :
-
complex resistance (impedance)
- t :
-
time
- τ:
-
time constant
- T :
-
period, cycle time
- f = 1/T:
-
frequency
- f c :
-
3 dB cutoff frequency
- f cA :
-
3 dB cutoff frequency of the open-loop gain \(\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle-}$}}{A} _\text{D} \) of an operational amplifier
- f T :
-
gain-bandwidth product; unity-gain bandwidth
- B :
-
3 dB bandwidth
- ω = 2πf:
-
angular frequency
- Ω = ω/ω0:
-
normalized angular frequency
- p = j ω + σ:
-
complex angular frequency
- P = P/ω0:
-
normalized complex angular frequency
- A = ∂Uo/∂Ui:
-
small-signal voltage gain for low frequencies
- \(\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle-}$}}{A} (\text{j}\omega ) = \underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle-}$}}{U} _\text{o} /\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle-}$}}{U} _\text{i} \) :
-
complex voltage gain; frequency response
- A(p):
-
general transfer function
- A D :
-
differential gain, difference-mode gain, open-loop gain of an operational amplifier
- g :
-
loop gain
- G :
-
common-mode rejection ratio, CMRR
- k :
-
feedback factor small-signal current gain
- β=∂I2/∂I1:
-
small-signal current gain
- gm=β=∂IC/∂UBE:
-
forward transconductance of a bipolar transistor
- gfs=∂ID/∂UGS:
-
forward transconductance of a FET
- ϑ:
-
temperature on the Celsius scale
- T :
-
temperature on the Kelvin scale; absolute temperature
- \(\dot x\) :
-
first derivative of x with respect to time
- \(\ddot x\) :
-
second derivative of x with respect to time
- alog x:
-
logarithm to the base a
- lg x:
-
logarithm to the base 10
- In x:
-
logarithm to the base e
- Idx:
-
logarithm to the base 2
-
: -
logic and operation
-
: -
logic or operation
-
: -
logic not operation
-
: -
logic exclusive-or operation
:
:
:
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© 1978 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg
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Tietze, U., Schenk, C. (1978). Appendix: Definitions and nomenclature. In: Advanced Electronic Circuits. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-81241-5_17
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-81241-5_17
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-81243-9
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