Abstract
The principle upon which operation of the cyclotron depends was derived from a method of accelerating charged particles, which was first demonstrated by Wideroe (1929). This principle consisted of applying an oscillatory voltage across a series of tubular electrodes, which were each separated by a small gap, and which were arranged along an evacuated tube. The alternate electrodes were connected in parallel. By adjusting the frequency of the voltage circuit, a charged ion could be made to receive an accelerating force as it arrived at each gap, while it drifted within each electrode at a constant velocity. Using such a system, Lawrence and Sloan (1931) accelerated mercury ions through a system of 30 electrodes to an energy of 1.26 MeV, using 42,000 volts oscillating at 107 cycles s−1. However, in order to produce high-energy protons with such a system, the physical size of the electrodes would have resulted in a system which was not feasible at that time, since each electrode would have had to be about 25 m in length!
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Glass, H.I. (1980). Cyclotron Production. In: Hundeshagen, H. (eds) Nuklearmedizin / Nuclear Medicine. Handbuch der medizinischen Radiologie / Encyclopedia of Medical Radiology, vol 15 / 1 / A. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-81186-9_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-81186-9_4
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