Abstract
Actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative infection which occurs in man and in domestic animals such as horses, cattle and swine. It is characterized by the formation of abscesses and multiple draining sinus tracts, by peripheral spread to contiguous tissues, and by the presence in pus of firm, yellowish tangled mycelial masses which are referred to as “sulfur granules”. These represent colonies of the etiologic agent Actinomyces israelii; they may reach a diameter of 2 mm and are a prime diagnostic feature of actinomycotic infection (Figs. 1,5).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Andleigh, H.S.: Two rare cases of fungus infection of skin in Rajasthan: actinomycosis and rhinosporidiosis. Indian med. Gaz. 86, 100 (1951).
Anscombe, A.R., Hofmeyr, J.: Perianal actinomycosis complicating pilonidal sinus. Brit. J. Surg. 41, 666 (1954).
Arndt, H. J.: Die aktinomykotischen Veränderungen der Lunge und des Brustfells und das Verhalten der Lunge und des Brustfells bei Aktinomykose. In: Handbuch der Speziellen Pathologischen Anatomie und Histologie, Vol. 3 (3), pp. 397–458. F. Henke and O. Lubarsch, Editors. Berlin: Springer 1931.
Ashton, F., Slaney, G.: Post-gastrectomy duodenal fistula due to actinomycosis. Brit. J. Surg. 50, 884 (1963).
Aubert: Observation d’un cas d’actinomy-cose maxillaire chez le chien. Rev. Path. comp. 51, 276 (1951).
Auger, C.: Human actino-bacillary and staphylococcic actinophytosis. Amer. J. clin. Path. 18, 645 (1948).
Axhausen, G.: Die Pathogenese und Klinik der Kieferaktinomykose. Dtsch. Zahn-, Mund- u. Kieferheilk. 2, 197 (1935).
Axhausen, G.: Das Frühbild der Kieferaktinomykose. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 62, 1449 (1936).
Baker, R.D.: Tissue changes in fungous disease. Arch. Path. 44, 459 (1947).
Baker, R.D.: The diagnosis of fungus diseases by biopsy. J. chron. Dis. 5, 552 (1957).
Baker, W. J., Ragins, A.B.: Actinomycosis of the testicle. J. Urol. 56, 547 (1946).
Banerjee, B.N.: Actinomycosis of the skin. Indian med. Gaz. 87, 253 (1952).
Barth, H.: Über Parametritis Actinomycotica und ihre Entstehung. Arch. Gynäk. 134, 310 (1928).
Baylin, G.J., Wear, J.M.: Blastomycosis and actinomycosis of the spine. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 69, 395 (1953).
Berti, P.: Sulla patologia granulomatosa della parotide tuberculosi, sarcoidosi, actinomicosi. Arch. De Vecchi Anat. pat. 35, 889 (1961).
Bibby, B.G., Knighton, H.T.: The actinomyces of the human mouth. J. infect. Dis. 69, 148 (1941).
Biggs, J.S.G.: Actinomycosis of the liver: a report of two cases. Med. J. Aust. 47, II, 939 (1960).
Binford, C.H.: Tissue reactions elicited by fungi. In: Fungi and Fungous Diseases, pp. 220–238. G. Dalldorf, editor. Springfield, Ill.: Charles C. Thomas 1962.
Bjerrum, O., Hansen, Sv.: Undersogelser over forekomsten af actinomyceten i mundhulen og deres betydning for den acute form af actinomycose. Ugeskr. Laeg. 94, 1075 (1931).
Blank, C.H., Georg, L.K.: The use of fluorescent antibody methods for the detection and identification of Actinomyces species in clinical material. J. Lab. clin. Med. 71, 283 (1968).
Bogatko, F.L.H.: Actinomycosis of cervix. J. Amer. med. Worn. Ass. 13, 268 (1958).
Bollinger, O.: Über eine neue Pilzkrankheit beim Rinde. Zbl. med. Wiss. 15, 481 (1877).
Bolton, C.F., Ashenhurst, E.M.: Actinomycosis of the brain. Case report and review of the literature. Canad. med. Ass. J. 90, 922 (1964).
Bonney, G.L.W.: Actinomycosis of liver; report of an unusual case. Brit. J. Surg. 34, 316 (1947).
Brainey, R.R.: Primary cutaneous actinomycosis. J. Amer. med. Ass. 194, 679 (1965).
Brede, H.D.: Zur Ätiologie und Mikrobiologie der Aktinomykose; in-vitro Versuche zur Frage der fermentativen Unterstützung des Actinomyces israeli durch Begleitbakterien. Zbl. Bakt. 174, 110 (1959).
Breed, R.S., Conn, H. J.: The nomenclature of the Actinomycetaceae. J. Bact. 4, 585 (1919).
Brett, M.S.: Advanced actinomycosis of the spine treated with penicillin and streptomycin; report of a case. J. Bone Jt Surg. 33-B, 215 (1951a).
Brett, M.S.: Advanced actinomycosis of the spine treated with penicillin and streptomycin. J. Bone Jt Surg. 33-B, 482 (1951b).
Brickner, W.M.: Pelvic actinomycosis; a study of five consecutive cases successfully treated by operation. Ann. Surg. 81, 343 (1925).
Brockman, R.: Actinomycosis of the right iliac fossa. Brit. J. Surg. 10, 456 (1923).
Brofeldt, S.A.: Über Actinomycose in Finnland. Duodecim (Helsinki) 7, (1926).
Brodgen, J.C.: Actinomycosis of the gastrointestinal tract; a study of fourteen cases. J. Lab. clin. Med. 8, 180 (1922).
Buchanan, B.B., Pine, L.: Characterization of a propionic acid producing actinomyces, Actinomyces propionicus sp. nov. J. gen. Microbiol. 28, 305 (1962).
Burrows, H.J.: Actinomycosis from punch injuries: with report of a case affecting a metacarpal bone. Brit. J. Surg. 32, 506 (1945).
Calero, C.: Pulmonary actinomycosis; report of the first case observed in the Isthmus of Panama. Dis. Chest 12, 402 (1946).
Campbell, D.A., Bradford, B., Jr.: Actinomycosis of thorax and abdomen. A.M.A. Arch. Surg. 57, 202 (1948).
Choukas, N.C.: Actinomycosis of the mandible. Oral Surg. 11.(1), 14 (1958).
Christie, A.O., Porteous, J.W.: Growth of several strains of Actinomyces israelii in chemically defined media. Nature (Lond.) 195, 408 (1962 a).
Christie, A.O., Porteous, J.W.: The cultivation of a single strain of Actinomyces israelii in a simplified and chemically defined medium. J. gen. Microbiol. 28, 443 (1962 b).
Christie, A.O., Porteous, J.W.: The growth factor requirements of the Willis strain of Actinomyces israelii growing in a chemically defined medium. J. gen. Microbiol. 28, 455 (1962 c).
Cinti, G.: Le malattie granulomatose (tubercolosi, actinomicosi e granuloma maligno di Sternberg) della lingua. Arch. De Vecchi Anat. pat. 22, 693 (1954).
Colebrook, L.: The mycelial and other micro-organisms associated with human actinomycosis. Brit.J. Path. 1, 197 (1920).
Colebrook, L.: A report upon 25 cases of actinomycosis, with especial reference to vaccine therapy. Lancet 1, 893 (1921).
Conant, N.F., Smith, D.T., Baker, R.D., Calloway, J.L., Martin, D.S.: Actinomycosis. In: Manual of Clinical Mycology, pp. 1–25. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co. 1954.
Cope, V.Z.: Actinomycosis. London-New York-Toronto: Oxford University Press 1938.
Cope, V.Z.: Actinomycosis involving the colon and rectum. J. int. Coll. Surg. 12, 401 (1949).
Cope, V.Z.: Actinomycosis of bone with special reference to infection of the vertebral column. J. Bone Jt Surg. 33-B, 205 (1951).
Cornell, A., Shookhoff, H.B.: Actinomycosis of the heart simulating rheumatic fever. Arch. intern. Med. 74, 11 (1944).
Cijllen, C.H., Sharp, M.E.: Infection of wounds with Actinomyces. J. Bone Jt Surg. 33-B, 221 (1951).
Cummings, J.R., Beekley, M.E., Earley, N.: Abdominal actinomycosis; a case report. Ohio St. med. J. 55 (3), 350 (1959).
Cummins, C.S., Harris, H.: Studies on the cell wall composition and taxonomy of Actinomycetales and related groups. J. gen. Microbiol. 18, 173 (1958).
Cummins, C.S.: Chemical composition and antigenic structure of cell walls of Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Actinomyces, and Arthrobacter. J. gen. Microbiol. 28, 35 (1962).
Dammgaard-Morch, P.: Abdominal actinomycosis; three cases of atypical localization. Acta chir. scand. 110, 458 (1956).
Davies, D.F.: Paralaryngeal actinomycosis in a child. Brit. med. J. 1, 363 (1952).
Davies, J.A.L.: Primary actinomycosis of the breast. Brit. J. Surg. 38, 378 (1951).
Decker, H.R.: Treatment of thoracic actinomycosis by penicillin and sulfonamides. J. thorac. Surg. 15, 430 (1946).
Dobson, L., Cutting, W.C.: Penicillin and sulfonamides in the therapy of actinomycosis; report of 16 additional cases and in vitro tests of susceptibility of Actinomyces to penicillin and sulfadiazine. J. Amer. med. Ass. 128, 856 (1945).
Dorph-Petersen, L., Pindborg, J.J.: Actinomycosis of the tongue; report of a case. Oral Surg. 7, 1178 (1954).
Elsaesser, K.H.: Über die Aktinomykose und ihre Lokalisation im Zentralnervensystem. Klinik, Bakteriologie, pathologische Anatomie. Dtsch. Z. Nervenheilk. 164, 123 (1950).
Emmons, C.W.: Actinomyces and actinomycosis. Puerto Rico J. publ. Hlth 11, 63 (1935).
Emmons, C.W.: Strains of Actinomyces bovis isolated from tonsils. Puerto Rico J. publ. Hlth 11, 720 (1936).
Emmons, C.W.: The isolation of Actinomyces bovis from tonsillar granules. Publ. Hlth Rep. (Wash.) 53, 1967 (1938).
Emmons, C.W., Binford, C.H., Utz, J.P.: Actinomycosis. In: Medical Mycology, pp. 55–71. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger 1963.
Erikson, D.: Pathogenic anaerobic microorganisms of the actinomyces group. Med. Res. Council Spec. Rept. Ser. 240, 1 (1940).
Erikson, D.: The morphology, cytology, and taxonomy of the actinomycetes. Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 3, 23 (1949).
Fairley, K.D.: Actinomycosis of the paraaortic lymph glands. Med. J. Aust. 1, 799 (1947).
Fegeler, F.: Die Aktinomykose. S. 527–588.
Finch, P.G.: Actinomycosis of forearm. Canad. med. Ass. J. 68, 595 (1953).
Fletcher, R.: A rare case of chronic otorrhea with intracranial complications. Laryngoscope (St. Louis) 66, 702 (1956).
Foreman, J.M.: Actinomycosis of the liver. N. Z. med. J. 62, 536 (1963).
Frank, R.T.: Gynaecological and Obstetrical Pathology. D. Appleton and Co. 1922.
Fry, G.A., Martin, W.J., Dearing, W.H., Culp, C.E.: Primary actinomycosis of the rectum with multiple perianal and perineal fistulae. Mayo Clin. Proc. 40, 296 (1965).
Ganner, H.: Ein Fall von Aktinomykose der Unterkieferspeicheldrüse, zugleich ein Beitrag zur Frage der Ätiologie der sogenannten Küttnerschen Speicheldrüsentumoren. Arch. klin. Chir. 155, 495 (1929).
Garrod, L.P.: Actinomycosis of the lung: aetiology, diagnosis, and chemotherapy. Tubercle (Lond.) 33, 258 (1952).
Genesi, M.: Pneumomicosi actinomicotica con ascesso cerebrale. Minerva pediat. (Torino) 4, 39 (1952).
Georg, L.K., Robertstadt, G.W., Brinkman, S.A.: Identification of species of Actinomyces. J. Bact. 88, 477 (1964).
Georg, L.K., Robertstadt, G.W., Brinkman, S.A., Hicklin, M.D.: A new pathogenic anaerobic Actinomyces species. J. infect. Dis. 115, 88 (1965).
Ginsberg, A., Little, A.C.W.: Actinomycosis in dogs. J. Path. Bact. 60, 563 (1948).
Glaesmer-Zaff, M.: Ein Schulfall einer Ovarialaktinomykose. Zbl. Gynäk. 74, 1927 (1952).
Glahn, M.: The pathogenesis of cervico-facial actinomycosis. Acta chir. scand. 108, 193 (1954 a).
Glahn, M.: Cervico-facial actinomycosis — etiology and diagnosis. Acta chir. scand. 108, 183 (1954b).
Gold, L., Doyne, E.E.: Actinomycosis with osteomyelitis of the alveolar process. Oral Surg. 5, 1056 (1952).
Goodwin, M.A.: Sarcoma arising in a chronic actinomycotic sinus. Brit. J. Surg. 44, (187) 489 (1957).
Gordon, M.A., DuBose, H.M.: Anorectal actinomycosis. Amer. J. clin. Path. 21, 460 (1951).
Grabner, A.: Aktinomykose in Speichelsteinen. Z. Stomat. 34, 862 (1936).
Green, R., Bolton, T.C., Woolsey, C.I.: Mycetoma, madura foot; a case of mycetoma pedis in Chicago. Ann. Surg. 128, 1015 (1948).
Greene, L.W., Black, W.C.: Treatment of cervico-facial actinomycosis with isoniazid. Rocky Mtn med. J. 52, 43 (1955).
Hagan, W.A.: The pathogenic actinomycetes. In: The Infectious Diseases of Domestic Animals, with Special Reference to Etiology, Diagnosis and Biologic Therapy, pp. 321–338. Ithaca, N.Y.: Comstock Publishing Co 1943.
Hanratty, W. J., Naeve, H.F.: Actinomycosis with pathologic fracture of mandible; report of a case. Oral Surg. 18, 303 (1964).
Hara, M., Pierce, J.A.: Chronic constrictive pericarditis due to Actinomyces bovis; report of a case treated by pericardectomy. J. thorac. Surg. 33, 730 (1957).
Harbitz, F., Grondahl, N.B.: Actinomykosen i Norge. Oslo: Kristiania 1910.
Hartl, H.: Zur Kenntnis der Genitalaktinomykose der Frau. Arch. Gynäk. 179, 677 (1951).
Harz, C.O.: Actinomyces bovis, ein neuer Schimmel in den Geweben des Rindes. Jahresb. d. k. Centralbl. Tierarznei, Schule in München 5, 125 (1879).
Havens, F.Z.: Actinomycosis of the head and neck. J. Amer. dent. Ass. 20, 478 (1933).
Hazelhorst, G.: Aktinomykose der weiblichen Genitalorgane als Abtreibungsfolge. Arch. Gynäk, 134. 561 (1928).
Hazen, E.L., Little, G.N.: Actinomyces bovis and ‘anaerobic diphtheroids’. Pathogenicity for hamsters and some other differentiating characteristics. J. Lab. clin. Med. 51, 968 (1951).
Heinrich, S., Pulverer, G.: Zur Ätiologie und Mikrobiologie der Aktinomykose: III. Die Pathogenbedeutung des Actinobacillus Actinomycetem-comitans den „Begleitbakterien“ des Actinomyces israeli. Zbl. Bakt. 176, 91 (1959).
Heite, H.J.: Krankheiten durch Aktinomyceten und verwandte Erreger. Wechselwirkung zwischen pathogenen Pilzen und Wirtsorganismus. (4. Wiss. Tag. d. Deutschsprach. Mykolog. Gesellsch. in Freiburg/Br., 30. und 31. 10. 1964). Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1967.
Hepburn, R.H.: Actinomycosis of the testicle. J. Urol. (Baltimore) 63, 113 (1950).
Herrell, W.E., Belows, A., Dailey, J.S.: Erythromycin in the treatment of actinomycosis. Antibiot. Med. 1, 507 (1955).
Herrmann, H.: Zur Pathogenese und Therapie der Aktinomykose. Dtsch. zahnärztl. Z. 7, 725 (1952).
Hertz, J.: Actinomycosis: oral, facial and maxillary manifestations. J. int. Coll. Surg. 28, 539 (1957).
Hildick-Smith, G., Blank, H., Sarkany, I.: Actinomycosis. In: Fungus Diseases and Their Treatment, pp. 293–302. Boston: Little Brown and Co. 1964.
Hinds, E.C., Degnan, E.J.: The use of achromycin and neomycin in the treatment of actinomycosis. Oral Surg. 8, 1034 (1955).
Hollis, W.J., Hargrove, M.D.: Actinomycosis; a report of 12 cases with special reference to a mediastinal case. New Orleans med. surg. J. 99, 499 (1947).
Holm, P.: Some investigations into the penicillin sensitivity of human pathogenic actinomycetes. Acta path. microbiol. scand. 25, 376 (1948).
Holm, P.: Studies on the aetiology of human actinomycosis. I. The “other microbes” of actinomycosis and their importance. Acta path. microbiol. scand. 27, 736 (1950).
Holm, P.: Studies on the aetiology of human actinomycosis. II. Do the “other microbes” of actinomycosis posses virulence? Acta path. microbiol. scand. 28, (4) 391 (1951).
Howell, A., Jr., Murphy III W.C., Paul, F., Stephan, R.M.: Oral strains of Actinomyces. J. Bacteriol. 78, 82 (1959).
Howell, A., Jr., Stephan, R.M., Paul, F.: Prevalence of Actinomyces israelii, A.naeslundii, Bacterionema matruchotii, and Candida albicans in selected areas of the oral cavity and saliva. J. dent. Res. 41, 1050 (1962).
Hunter, G.C., Jr., Westrick, C.M.: Cervicofacial abscess by Actinomyces; report of a case. Oral Surg. 10, 793 (1957).
Husted, E.: Sialolithiasis. Acta chir. scand. 105, 161 (1953).
Ingalls, E.G., Merendino, K.A.: Actinomycosis of the female genitalia; case report and review of the literature. West. J. Surg. 60, 476 (1952).
Israel, J.: Neue Beobachtungen auf dem Gebiete der Mykosen des Menschen. Virchows Arch. path. Anat. 15 (1878).
Israel, J.: Klinische Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Aktinomykose des Menschen. Berlin: A. Hirschwald 1885.
Jacobsen, H.P.: Actinomycosis; a clinical, pathological and bacteriological study. Med. J. Rec. 132, 342, 379 (1930).
Jacobson, J.R., Cloward, R.B.: Actinomycosis of the central nervous system. J. Amer. med. Ass. 137, 769 (1948).
Jantschew, W.G.: Über die primäre Aktinomykose des Mastdarms. Kasuistischer Beitrag. Z. ges. inn. Med. 16, 476 (1961).
Jutzler, G.A., Leppla, W., Brunck, H.J.: Primäre doppelseitige Nierenaktinomykose mit Papillennekrose als Ursache eines Nierenversagens. Ärztl. Forsch. 15, I, 340 (1961).
Kaufmann, E.: Pathology for Students of Medicine. Translation by S.P. Reimann. Philadelphia: P. Blakiston’s Son and Co. 1929.
Kay, E.B.: Bronchopulmonary actinomycosis. Ann. intern. Med. 26, 581 (1947).
Kay, E.B.: Actinomyces in chronic bronchopulmonary infections. Amer. Rev. Tuberc. 57, 322 (1948).
Kelly, H.H.D.: Intestinal actinomycosis treated with chloramphenicol and aureomycin. Brit. med. J. No. 4734, 779 (1951).
King, S., Meyer, E.: Metabolic and serologic differentiation of Actinomyces bovis and anaerobic diphtheroids. J. Bact. 74, 234 (1957).
Knake, H.-J., Zeiss, K.-H.: Primäre Abdominalaktinomykose mit sekundärer Ausbreitung auf beide Tuben und Netz. Geburtsh. u. Frauenheilk. 15, 816 (1955).
Köhlmeier, W., Niel, K.: Aktinomykose-Endokarditis. Wien. klin. Wschr. 1953, 25.
Kolouch, F., Peltier, L.F.: Actinomycosis. Surgery 20, 401 (1946).
Krieg, H., Staib, F.: Zur Abdominalaktinomykose der Frau. Gynäcologia (Basel) 162, 156 (1966).
Kusunoki, T., Hayashi, I., Kashiwai, K.: Actinomycosis of the ovary perforating into the urinary bladder; report of a case. Urol. int. (Basel) 6, 251 (1958).
Kwapinski, J.B.: Antigenic structure of the Actinomycetales. VII. Chemical and serological similarities of cell walls from 100 actinomycetales strains. J. Bact. 88, 1211 (1964).
Lamb, J.H., Lain, E.S., Jones, P.E.: Actinomycosis of the face and neck. J. Amer. med. Ass. 134, 351 (1947).
Lambert, F.W., Jr., Brown, J.M., Georg, L.K.: Identification of Actinomyces israelii and Actinomyces naeslundii by fluorescent antibody and agar-gel diffusion techniques. J. Bact. 94, 1287 (1967).
Lane, S.L., Kutscher, A.H., Chaves, R.: Oxytetracycline in the treatment of oro-cervical-facial actinomycosis; report of seven cases. J. Amer. med. Ass. 151, 986 (1953).
Lavalle, P.: Agents of mycetoma. In: Fungi and Fungous Diseases, pp. 50–68. G. Dalldorf, Editor. Springfield, Ill.: Charles C. Thomas 1962.
LeBrun, H., Gilmour, I.E.: Hypokalaemia and renal actinomycosis following ureterocae-costomy; report of a case. Brit. J. Urol. 25, 132 (1953).
Lee, B.Y.: Actinomycosis of the lung coexisting with pulmonary tuberculosis; report of a case. Dis. Chest 50, 211 (1966).
Lentze, F.: 1958. Quoted by Wilson and Miles (1964).
Ley, E., Peraita, P., Ley, E. HIJO: Granuloma actinomicótico cerebral Rev. clín. esp. 41, 234 (1951).
Littman, M.L., Phillips, G.E., Fusillo, M.H.: In vitro susceptibility of human pathogenic actinomycetes to chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin). Amer. J. clin. Path. 20, 1076 (1950).
Littman, M.L., Paul, J.S., Ftjsillo, M.H.: Treatment of pulmonary actinomycosis with chloramphenicol; report of a case. J. Amer. med. Ass. 148, 608 (1952).
Lord, F.T., Trevett, L.D.: The pathogenesis of actinomycosis. Recovery of actinomyces-like organisms from the human mouth. J. infect. Dis. 58, 115 (1936).
Lorenz, O.: Neue Erkenntnisse zur Pathogenese und Klinik der cervico-Facialen Aktinomykose. Med. Klin. 54, 9 (1959).
Loth, M.F.: Actinomycosis of the fallopian tube. Amer. J. Obstet. 72, (4) 919 (1956).
Ludwig, T.G.: Actinomycosis originating in the maxillary region. Oral Surg. 8, 877 (1955).
MacCarthy, J.: Actinomycosis of the female pelvic organs with involvement of the endometrium. J. Path. Bact. (Lond.) 69, 175 (1955).
McConnell, O.H.: Actinomycosis; report of cases. J. oral Surg. 2, 173 (1944).
McCormack, L.J., Dickson, J.A., Reich, A.R.: Actinomycosis of the humerus. J. Bone Jt Surg. 36-A, 1255 (1954).
MacGregor, A.B.: Cervico-facial actinomycosis. Proc. roy. Soc. Med. 38, 639 (1945).
MacGregor, A.B.: Cervico-facial actinomycosis. Proc. roy. Soc. Med. 44, 55 (1951).
MacHaffie, R.A., Zasyer, R.L., Salchek, H., Sciortino, A.L.: An unusual case of actinomycosis manifested as an abdominal wall abscess. Gastroenterology 33, (5) 830 (1957).
MacLennan, A.P.: Composition of the cell wall of Actinomyces bovis: the isolation of 6-deoxy-L-talose. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 48, 600 (1961).
McVay, L.V., Jr., Guthrie, F., Sprunt, D.H.: Aureomycin in the treatment of actinomycosis. New Engl. J. Med. 245, 91 (1951).
McVay, L.V., Jr., Sprunt, D.H.: A long term evaluation of aureomycin in the treatment of actinomycosis. Ann. intern. Med. 38, 955 (1953 a).
McVay, L.V., Jr., Sprunt, D.H.: Treatment of actinomycosis with isoniazid. J. Amer. med. Ass. 153, 95 (1953b).
McWilliams, C.A.: Actinomycosis of phalanx of finger. Ann. Surg. 66, 117 (1917).
Main, J.H.P., MacPhee, I. T.: Actinomycosis of the maxilla in relation to a peridontal abscess. Oral Surg. 17, 299 (1964).
Martin, W.J., Nichols, D.R., Wellman, W.E., Weed, L.A.: Disseminated actinomycosis treated with tetracycline. A.M.A. Arch. Int. Med. 97, 252 (1956).
Mathieson, D.R., Harrison, R., Hammond, C., Henrici, A.T.: Allergic reactions to actinomycetes. Amer. J. Hyg. 21, 405 (1935).
Miller, A.G.: Actinomycosis of the colon; case report. Dis. Colon Rect. 7, 207 (1964).
Miller, J.M., Long, P.H., Schoenbach, E.B.: Successful treatment of actinomycosis with “stilbamidine”. J. Amer. med. Ass. 150, 35 (1952).
Meyer, E., Verges, P.: Mouse pathogenicity as a diagnostic aid in the identification of Actinomyces bovis. J. Lab. clin. Med. 36, 667 (1950).
Montgomery, R.M., Welton, W.A.: Primary actinomycosis of the upper extremity. A.M.A. Arch. Derm. 79, 578 (1959).
Moore, M.: Radiate formation on pathogenic fungi in human tissue. Arch. Path. 42, 115 (1946).
Morton, H.S.: Actinomycosis. Canad. med. Ass. J. 42, 231 (1940).
Mosselman, G., Lienaux, E.: L’actinomycose et son agent infectieux. Ann. Méd. vét. 39, 409 (1890).
Murphy, L.C.: A case of actinomycosis of ovary. J. Kans. med. Soc. 55, 254 (1954).
Naeslund, C.: Studies of Actinomyces from the oral cavity. Acta path. microbiol. scand. 2, 110 (1925).
Naeslund, C.: Experimentelle Studien über die Ätiologie und Pathogenese der Aktinomykose. Acta path. microbiol. scand. 8, (Suppl. 6) 1 (1931).
Neuber, E.: Spezifische Diagnostik und Therapie der Aktinomykose. Klin. Wschr. 19, 736 (1940).
Nichols, D.R., Herrell, W.E.: Penicillin in the treatment of actinomycosis. J. Lab. clin. Med. 33, 521 (1948).
Nielsen, J.: Dosierungsfragen bei der Röntgenbehandlung von zervico-fazialer Aktinomykose. Acta Radiol. 23, 303 (1942).
Overman, J.R., Pine, L.: Electron microscopy of cytoplasmic structures in facultative and anaerobic Actinomyces. J. Bact. 86, 656 (1963).
Owen, M.D., Macansh, J.: Actinomycosis of the mandible. Med. J. Aust. 2, 962 (1965).
Pantazopoulos, P. E.: Actinomycosis of brain manifested by vestibular symptoms. Arch. Otolaryng. 80, 309 (1964).
Peabody, J.W., Jr., Seabury, J.H.: Actinomycosis and Nocardiosis. J. chron. Dis. 5, 374 (1957).
Peabody, J.W., Jr., Seabury, J.H.: Actinomycosis and nocardiosis; a review of basic differences in therapy. Amer. J. Med. 28, 99 (1960).
Pegrum, G.D.: Actinomycotic lesions in the chorioallantoic membrane of the chick embryo. J. Path. Bact. 88, 323 (1964).
Pheils, M.T., Reid, D.J., Ross, C.F.: Abdominal actinomycosis. Brit. J. Surg. 51, 345 (1964).
Pine, L., Hardin, H.: Actinomyces israelii, a cause of lacrimal canaliculitis in man. J. Bact. 78, 164 (1959).
Pine, L., Watson, S.J.: Evaluation of an isolation and maintenance medium for Actinomyces species and related organisms. J. Lab. clin. Med. 54, 107 (1959).
Pine, L., Howell, A., Jr., Watson, S.J.: Studies of the morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of Actinomyces bovis. J. gen. Microbiol. 23, 403 (1960a).
Pine, L., Hardin, H., Turner, L.: Actinomycotic lacrimal canaliculitis. A report of two cases with a review of the characteristics which identify the causal organism, Actinomyces israelii. Amer. J. Ophthal. 49, 1278 (1960b).
Pine, L.: Recent developments on the nature of the anaerobic actinomycetes. Ann. Soc. belge Méd. trop. 3, 247 (1963).
Pine, L., Boone, C. J.: Comparative cell wall analyses of morphological forms within the genus Actinomyces. J. Bact. 94, 875 (1967).
v. Plothe, O.: Farbstoffbildung bei Actinomyceten. Naturwissenschaften 34, 190 (1947).
Ponfick, E.: Ein Vortrag über Actinomykose des Menschen. Ärztl. Z. (Breslau) 2, 151 (1880a).
Ponfick, E.: Über Aetinomykose. Berl. klin. Wschr. 17, 660 (1880b).
Porter, I.A.: Actinomycosis in Scotland. Brit. med. J. 2, 1084 (1953).
Prinsley, D.M.: Pulmonary actinomycosis; recovery in a mongol. Brit. J. Tuberc. 51, (1) 40 (1957).
Pulaski, E.J., Artz, O.P., Reiss, E.: Terramycin and aureomycin in surgical infections; report of 200 cases. J. Amer. med. Ass. 149, 35 (1952).
Putman, H.C., Jr., Dockerty, M.C., Waugh, J.M.: Abdominal actinomycosis: an analysis of 122 cases. Surgery 28, 781 (1950).
Raper, F.P.: Abdominal actinomycosis following a perforated duodenal ulcer. Brit. J. Surg. 38, 240 (1950).
Rashbaum, M., McIntosh, H.C.: Pelvic actinomycosis treated by surgery and roentgen ray, with recovery. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 47, 849 (1944).
Robinson, M. R.: Actinomycosis of both ovaries and fallopian tubes. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 29, 569 (1919).
Robinson, R.A.: Actinomycosis of the subcutaneous tissue of the forearm secondary to a human bite. J. Amer. med. Ass. 124, 1049 (1944).
Rosebury, T., Epps, L.J., Clark, A.R.: A study of the isolation, cultivation, and pathogenicity of Actinomyces israelii recovered from the human mouth and from actinomycosis in man. J. infect. Dis. 74, 131 (1944).
Ross, J.A., Knight, I.C.: Actinomycosis of the subphrenic space. Edinb. med. J. 61, 170 (1954).
Ruhräh, J.: Actinomycosis in man, with special reference to the cases which have been observed in America. Ann. Surg. 30, 417, 605, 722 (1899).
Sanford, A.H.: Distribution of actinomycosis in the United States. J. Amer. med. Ass. 81, 655 (1923).
Sazama, L.: Actinomycosis of the parotid gland: report of five cases. Oral Med. 19, 197 (1965).
Savidge, R.S., Davies, D.M.: Generalized actinomycosis with possible cardiac involvement. Brit. med. J. 2, 136 (1953).
Schneider, D.H.: Actinomycosis of the testicle; case report. J. Urol. (Baltimore) 54, 296 (1945).
Scorer, C.G.: Actinomycosis of the testis. Brit. J. Surg. 40, 244 (1952).
Seabury, J.H., Dascomb, H.E.: Results of the treatment of systemic mycoses. J. Amer. med. Ass. 188, 509 (1964).
Silber, W.: Left perinephric actinomycosis. S. Afr. med. J. 27, 264 (1953).
Silberschmidt, W.: Über Actinomykose. Z. Hyg. Infekt.-Kr. 37, 345 (1901).
Slack, J.: The source of infection in actinomycosis. J. Bact. 43, 193 (1942).
Slack, J.M.: Studies with microaerophilic actinomycetes. II. Serological groups as determined by the reciprocal agglutinin adsorption technique. J. Bact. 70. 400 (1955).
Smith, C.H.: Ocular actinomycosis. Proc. roy. Soc. Med. (Lond.) 46, 209 (1953).
Stanton, M.B.: Actinomycosis of the maxillary sinus. J. Laryng. 80, 168 (1966).
Stevenson, A.E.M.: Actinomycosis of ovaries and fallopian tubes; report of a case. J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Emp. 64, 365 (1957).
Sullivan, H.R., Goldsworthy, N.E.: A comparative study of anaerobic strains of Actinomyces from clinically normal mouths and from actinomycotic lesions. J. Path. Bact. 51, 253 (1940).
Svane, S.: Visceral actinomycosis, report on 6 cases with special reference to aureomycin treatment. Acta chir. scand. 131, 160 (1966).
Sweeney, D.F., Blackwelder, T.F.: Pelvic actinomycosis, report of a case. Obstet. and Gynec. 25, 690 (1965).
Swinton, N.W., Schatman, B.H.: Actinomycosis, a rare cause of fistula-in-ano. Dis. Colon Rect. 7, 315 (1964).
Thompson, L., Lovestedt, B.A.: An actinomyces-like organism obtained from the human mouth. Proc. Mayo Clin. 26, 169 (1951).
Torrens, J.A., Wood, M.W.W.: Streptomycin in the treatment of actinomycosis; report of three cases. Lancet 1, 1091 (1949).
Tribedi, B.P., Mukherjee, B.N.: Actinomycotic and mycotic lesions, with special reference to madura foot. Brit. J. Surg. 27, 256 (1939).
Trivedi, B.P., Sarkar, S.K.: Pulmonary actinomycosis. Indian J. med. Sci. 6, 595 (1952).
Turner, G.: Actinomycosis of the lungs. Radiology 7, 39 (1926).
Utz, J.P.: Actinomycosis. In: Cecil-Loeb Textbook of Medicine, pp. 308–309. Beeson, P.B., McDermott, W., Editors. 12th Ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co. 1967.
Verhoeff, E.H.: A case of metastatic intraocular mycosis. Arch. Ophthal. 55, 225 (1926).
Verme, G., Contu, L.: L’actinomicosi del cuore. Osservazioni su un caso clinico e rassegna della letteratura. Arch. De Vecchi Anat. pat. 37, 13 (1962).
Villa, V.G.: Pulp abscess associated with actinomycosis. Oral Surg. 10, (2) 207 (1957).
Wagensteen, O.H.: The role of surgery in the treatment of actinomycosis. Ann. Surg. 104, 752 (1936).
Wagensteen, O.H., Snapper, I., Popper, H.: Clinical pathological conference, actinomycosis of the lung with extension to the liver. Rev. Gastroent. 19, 950 (1952).
Wagner, C.: Actinomycosis of the uterine appendages. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 10, 148 (1910).
Warthin, T.A., Bushueff, B.: Pulmonary actinomycosis. A.M.A. Arch. Int. Med. 101, 239 (1958).
Warwick, W.T.: A clinical contribution to the etiology of actinomycosis. Lancet 2, 497 (1923).
Wayl, P., Rakower, J., Hochman, A.: Pulmonary ray fungus disease; clinical aspects and pathogenesis. Dis. Chest 34, 506 (1958).
Weed, L.A., Baggenstoss, A.H.: Actinomycosis; a pathologic and bacteriologic study of 21 fatal cases. Amer. J. clin. Path. 19, 201 (1949).
Weed, L. A., Baggenstoss, A.H., Baugher, L.: Some problems in the diagnosis of actinomycosis. Proc. Mayo Clin. 24, 463 (1949).
Whisenand, J.M., Moore, E.V.: Renal actinomycosis; with a report of a primary case. Calif. Med. 74, 133 (1951).
Wille-Baumkauff, H.: Aktinomykose der Niere. Z. Urol. 43, 240 (1950).
Wilson, G.S., Miles, A.A.: Actinomycosis. In: Topley and Wilson’s Principles of Bacteriology and Immunity, pp. 1563–1578. 5th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co. 1964.
Wilson, J.W.: Actinomycosis. In: 67 Clinical and Immunologic Aspects of Fungous Diseases, pp. 190–204. Springfield, Ill.: C.C. Thomas 1957.
Wilson-Pepper, J.K.: Report of renal actinomycosis. Brit. J. Urol. 23, 160 (1951).
Wingo, C.F., Williams, R.O.: Pulmonary actinomycosis diagnosed by lung biopsy. Amer. Rev. Tuberc. 76, 660 (1957).
Winston, M.E.: Actinomycosis of the spine. Lancet 1, 945 (1951).
Wolff, M., Israel, J.: Über Reincultur des Actinomyces und seine Übertragbarkeit auf Thiere. Virchows Arch. path. Anat. 126, 11 (1891).
Wright, J.H.: The biology of the microorganism of actinomycosis. J. med. Res. 13, 349 (1905).
Wright, L.T., Lowen, H.J.: Aureomycin hydrochloride in actinomycosis. J. Amer. med. Ass. 144, 21 (1950).
Zander, E., Barontini, F.: Über die Aktinomykose des Nervensystems. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 1956, 1409.
Zettergren, L.: On the pathogenesis of appendix-actinomycosis. Acta path. scand. (Kobenh.) 25, 543 (1948).
Ziskin, D.E., Shoram, B.S., Hanford, J.M.: Actinomycosis, a report of 26 cases. Amer. J. Orthodont. 29, 193 (1943).
Zitka, E.: Vakzinebehandlung der Kieferaktinomykose. Z. Stomat. 46, 202 (1949).
Zitka, E.: Tödlich verlaufende Fälle von zervikofazialer Aktinomykose. Wien. med. Wschr. 102, 939 (1952).
Zoeckler, S.J.: Cardiac actinomycosis; a case report and survey of the literature. Circulation 3, 854 (1951).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1971 Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Guidry, D.J. (1971). Actinomycosis. In: The Pathologic Anatomy of Mycoses. Handbuch der Speziellen Pathologischen Anatomie und Histologie, vol 3 / 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80570-7_25
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80570-7_25
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-80572-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-80570-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive