Zusammenfassung
Reaktive Sauerstoff- und Stickstoffspezies können direkt zytotoxisch und/oder als signalübertragende Moleküle wirken. Eine Beteiligung reaktiver Formen des Sauerstoffs an der Reperfusionsschädigung der Leber ist experimentell gesichert und erste Ergebnisse sprechen dafür, daß ihr auch bei der Reperfusionsschädigung der menschlichen Leber eine erhebliche Bedeutung zukommt. Bei Reperfusion der transplantierten Leber können reaktive Sauerstoffspezies von Hepatozyten, aktivierten Kupffer-Zellen und eingewanderten Neutrophilen freigesetzt werden. Die Bedingungen ihrer Freisetzung hängen von einer Vielzahl von Faktoren, u. a. der Dauer der ischämischen Phase und dem Ernährungszustand des Organs, ab. Granulozyten und Monozyten/Makrophagen sind auch die Zellen, die entscheidend zur Freisetzung reaktiver Sauerstoff- und Stickstoffspezies bei der Abstoßung eines Transplantats beitragen sollten.
Summary
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species either mediate direct cell injury or act as signal-transmitting molecules. Participation of reactive oxygen species in reperfusion injury of the liver has been shown in several experimental systems and first results suggest that they may also play an important role in reperfusion injury of the human liver. Upon reperfusion of a transplanted liver reactive oxygen metabolites may be released by hepatocytes, activated Kupffer cells and invaded neutrophils. Conditions of their release may vary with several factors including the duration of the ischemic phase and the nutritional state of the organ. Neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages are those cells which should also decisively contribute to the release of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species upon rejection of a transplanted organ.
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de Groot, H., Rauen, U., Ioannidis, I., Erhard, J. (1995). Rolle freier Radikale bei Lebererkrankungen. In: Beger, H.G., Manns, M.P., Greten, H. (eds) Molekularbiologische Grundlagen der Gastroenterologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79782-8_28
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79782-8_28
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