Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Lunge und Mediastinum

  • Chapter
Strahlentherapie

Zusammenfassung

Die Geschwülste des Thoraxraumes werden in 2 Gruppen unterteilt: Tumoren der Lungen und der Trachea sowie primäre Mediastinaltumoren. Während die primären Mediastinaltumoren und Tracheakarzinome seltene Geschwülste sind, gehört das Bronchialkarzinom zu den häufigsten Geschwülsten. 1983 wurden 35% aller Krebstodesfälle bei Männern und 17% bei Frauen in den USA vom Lungenkrebs verursacht (American Cancer Society 1993).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 149.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Abelin T (1989) Aktuelles Aus Der Epidemiologie Von Rauchen, Passivrauchen und Lungenkrebs. Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax 78: 87–92

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abeloff MD, Klastersky J, Drings PD et al. (1983) Complications of treatment of small cell carcinoma of the lung. Cancer Treat Res 67: 21–26

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abratt RP, Willcox PA, de Groot M, Geddes CH, Chetty (1991) Management of invasive thymoma at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. S Afr Med J 79: 245–247

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • American Cancer Society (1991) Cancer Statistics 31: 13–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Ansari R, Tokars R, Fisher W et al. (1991) A phase III study of thoracic irradition with or without concomitant cisplatin in locoregional unresectable non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A Hooster Oncology Group Protocol. Proc ASCO 10: 241

    Google Scholar 

  • Arakawa A, Yasunaga T, Saitoh Y et al. (1990) Radiation therapy of invasive thymoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 18: 529–534

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong JG, Burman C, Leibel S, Fontenla D, Kutcher G, Zelefsky M, Fuks Z (1993) Three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy may improve the therapeutic ratio of high dose radiation therapy for lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 26: 685–689

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arriagada R, Le Chevalier T, Ruffle P (1990) Alternating radiotherapy and chemotherapy in 173 consecutive patients with limited small cell lung carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 19: 1135–1138

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arriagada R, Kramar A, Le Chevalier T, De Cremoux H (1992) Competing events determinig relapse-free survival in limited small-cell lung carcinoma. J Clin Oncol lo: 447–451

    Google Scholar 

  • Astudillo J, Conill C (1990) Role of postoperative radiation therapy in stage III A non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 50: 618–623

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aygun C, Weiner S, Scariato A, Spearman D, Stark L (1992) Treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with external beam radiotherapy and high dose rate brachytherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 23: 127–13

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baumann M, Budach V, Appold S (1994) Strahlentoleranz des menschlichen Rückenmarks. Strahlenther Onkol 170: 131–139

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bentzen SM (1994) Radiobiological considerations in the design of clinical trials. Radiother Oncol 32: 1–11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bleehen NM, Girling DJ, Fayers PM, Aber VR, Stephens RJ (1991) Inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCL): a medical research council randomised trial of palliative radiotherapy with two fractions or ten fractions. Br J Cancer 63: 265–270

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bleehen NM, Girling DJ, Machin D, Stephens RJ (1992) A medical research council (MRC) randomised trial of palliative radiotherapy with two fractions or a single fraction in patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer ( NSCL) and poor performance status. Br J Cancer 65: 934–941

    Google Scholar 

  • Brashear RE (1978) Should asymptomatic patients with inoperabel bronchogenic carcinoma receive immediate radiotherapy? No. Am Rev Resp Dis 117: 411–414

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bronchud MH, Scarffe JH, Thatcher N et al. (1987) Phase I/II study of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients receiving intensive chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 56: 809–813

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bülzebruck H, Probst G, Vogt-Moykopf I (1989) Validierung des TNM-Systems für das Bronchialkarzinom - Güte der klinischen Klassifikation, Wertigkeit diagnostischer Verfahren und prognostische Relevanz. Z Herz Thorax Gefäßchir 3: 195–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Bülzebruck H, Bopp R, Drings P et al. (1992) New aspects in the staging of lung cancer. Prospective validation of the International Union Against Cancer classification. Cancer 70: 1102–1110

    Google Scholar 

  • Bünemann H, Heilmann HP (1984) Tumoren der Atmungsorgane (Trachea, Bronchien, Lunge). In: Heilmann HP (Hrsg) Spezielle Strahlentherapie maligner Tumoren, Teil5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Tokyo (Handbuch der medizinischen Radiologie, Bd XIX/5, S 299–451 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Burman C, Kutcher GJ, Emami B, Goitin M (1991) Fitting of normal tissue tolerance data to an analytic function. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 21: 123–135

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Byhardt RW, Pajak TF, Emami B, Herskovic A, Doggett RS, Olsen LA (1993) A phase I/II study to evaluate accelerated fractionation via concomitant boost for squamous, adeno, and large cell carcinoma of the lung: report of radiation oncology group 84–07. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 26: 459–468

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carmack E (1994) Surgical treatment of small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 11 [Suppl 21: 228

    Google Scholar 

  • Carney DN, Mitchell JR, Kinsella TJ (1983) In vitro radiation and chemosensitivity of established cell lines of human small-cell lung cancer and its large cell variants. Cancer Res 43: 2806–2811

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carr DT (1981) Malignant lung disease. Hosp Pract 16: 97–116

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Castellino RA, Glatstein E, Turbow MM, Rosenberg S, Kaplan HS (1974) Latent radiation injury of lungs or heart activated by steroid withdrawal. Ann Int Med 80: 593–599

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Choi NC, Carey RW (1989) Importance of radiation dose in achieving improved loco-regional tumor control in limited stage small-cell lung carcinoma: an update. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 17: 307–310

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Choi NC, Kanarek DJ, Kazemi H (1988) Prospective study of pulmonary tolerance to radiotherapy or radiotherapy plus multidrug chemotherapy for loco-regional lung carcinoma. Antibiot Chemother 41: 213–219

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chung CK, Stryker JA, O’Neil M Jr, DeMuth WE Jr (1982) Evaluation of adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy for lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 8: 1877–1880

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cox JD, Byhardt RW, Komaki R (1983 a) The role of radiotherapy in squamous, large cell, and adenocarcinoma of the lung. Sem Oncol 1o: 81–94

    Google Scholar 

  • Cox JD, Komaki R, Byhardt RW (1983b) Is immediate chest radiotherapy obligatory for any of all patients with limited-stage non-small cell carcinoma of the lung? Yes. Cancer Treat Rep 67: 327–331

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cox JD, Azarnia N, Byhardt RW, Shin KH, Emami B, Pajak TF (1990) A randomized phase I/II trial of hyperfractionated radiation therapy with total doses of 60,o Gy to 79,2 Gy: possible survival benefit with ? 69,6 Gy in favorable patients with radiation therapy oncology group stage III non-small-cell lung carcinoma: report of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 83–11. J Clin Oncol 8: 1543–1555

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cox JD, Azarina N, Byhardt RW, Shin KH, Emami B, Perez CA (1991a) N 2 (clinical non-small cell carcinoma of the lung: prospective trials of radiation therapy with total doses 6o Gy by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 20: 7–12

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cox JD, Pajak TF, Herskovic A et al. (1991 b) Five-year survival after hyperfractionated radiation therapy for non-small cell carcinoma of the lung (NSCCL): results of RTOG protocol 81–08. Am J Clin Oncol (CCT) 14: 280–284

    Google Scholar 

  • Cox JD, Pajak TF, Asbell S et al. (1993) Interruptions of high-dose radiation therapy decrease long-term survival of favorable patients with unresectable non-small cell carcinoma of the lung: analysis of 1244 cases from 3 Radiation Therapy Oncology Group ( RTOG) trials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 27: 493–498

    Google Scholar 

  • Coy P, Hodson DI, Murray N et al. (1993) Pattern of failure following loco-regional radiotherapy of limited stage small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 28: 355–362

    Google Scholar 

  • Crawford J, Ozer H, Johnson D et al. (1990) Granulocyte colony stimulating factor: prevention of chemotherapy induced febrile neutropenia in patients with small cell lung cancer. A randomized double blind placebo controlled trial. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 9: Abstract 884

    Google Scholar 

  • Curran WJ, Stafford PM (1990) Lack of apparent difference in outcome between clinically staged III A and III B nonsmall-cell lung cancer treated with radiation therapy. J Clin Oncol 8: 409–415

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Curran WI, Langer CJ, Keller SM, Comis RL (1993) Analysis of clinical trials employing pre-operative chemotherapy and/or thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) for marginally resectable non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 27 [Supp11]: 189

    Google Scholar 

  • Dartvelle PG, Chaplier AR, Macchiarini P et al. (1993) Anterior transcervical-thoracic approach for radical resection of lung tumors invading the thoracic inlet. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 105: 1025–1034

    Google Scholar 

  • Darwish S, Minotti V, Crino L et al. (1994) Neoadjuvant cisplatin and etoposide for stage III A (clinical N 2) non-small cell lung cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 17: 64–67

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deeley TJ, Sapsford RN (1982) Thorax. In: Halnan KE (ed) Treatment of cancer. Chapman & Hall, London, pp 371–397

    Google Scholar 

  • Dillman RO, Seagren SL, Propert KJ et al. (1990) A randomized trial of induction chemotherapy plus high-dose radiation versus radiation alone in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. New Engl J Med 323: 940–945

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dosoretz D, Galmarini D, Rubenstein JH et al. (1993) Local control in medically inoperable lung cancer: analysis of its importance in outcome and factors determining the probability of tumor eradication. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 27: 507–516

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Durrant KR, Ellis F, Black JM, Berry RJ, Ridehalgh FR, Hamilton WS (1971) Comparison of treatment policies in inoperable bronchial carcinoma. Lancet: 715–719

    Google Scholar 

  • Eberhardt W, Wilke H, Stamatis G et al. (1994) Intensive preoperative chemo-radiotherapy including hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy for locally far advanced (LAD) NSCLC. Lung Cancer 11 [Suppl 1]: 184

    Google Scholar 

  • Ebert RV (1978) Cessation of cigarette smoking and pulmonary disease. JAMA 240: 2159–2161

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elias AD, Ayash L, Frei III E et al. (1993) Intensive combined modality therapy for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 85: 559–566

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elias AD, Skarin AT, Gonin R et al. (1994) Neoadjuvant treatment of stage III A non-small cell lung cancer. Long-term results. Am J Clin Onco117: 26–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Emami B, Lyman J, Brown A et al. (1991a) Tolerance of normal tissue to therapeutic irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 21: 109–122

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Emami B, Purdy JA, Manolis J et al. (1991b) Three-dimensional treatmennt planning for lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 21: 217–227

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Faber LP, Kittle CF, Warren WH, Bonomi PD, Taylor SG, Reddy S, Lee MS (1989) Preoperative chemotherapy and irradiation for stage III non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 47: 669–677

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flentje M, Oetzel D, Schraube P, Rudat V, Wannenmacher M (1994) Dreidimensionale Bestrahlungsplanung unter Integration biophysikalischer Algorithmen: Abschätzung des Pneumonitisrisikos nach Radiotherapie ( Abstract ). Zentralbl Radiol 150: 48

    Google Scholar 

  • Fontanelle LJ (1976) Primary adenocarcinoma of lung in a child: review of the literature. Am Surg 42: 296–299

    Google Scholar 

  • Fowler WC, Langer CJ, Curran WJ, Keller SM (1993) Postoperative complications after combined neoadjuvant treatment of lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 55: 986–989

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frank AL (1982) The epidemiology of lung cancer. Clin Chest Med 3: 219–228

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frytak S, Shaw JN, O’Neill BP et al. (1989) Leukencephalopathy in small cell lung cancer patients receiving prophylactic cranial irradiation. Am J Clin Onco112: 27–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Garfinkel J (1981) Time trends in lung cancer mortality and a note on passiv smoking. JNCI 66: 1061–1066

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ginsberg RJ, Kris MG, Armstrong JG (1993) Cancer of the lung. In: DeVita VT Jr, Hellmann S, Rosenberg S (eds): Cancer - Principles and practice of oncology. Lippincott, Philadelphia, p 694

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldstraw P (1994) Surgery in small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer u [Suppl 2]: 181

    Google Scholar 

  • Greco FA, Brereton HD, Kent H et al. (1976) Adriamycin and enhanced radiation reaction in normal esophagus and skin. Ann Int Med 85: 294–298

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg M, Selikoff IJ (1993) Lung cancer in the Schneeberg mines: a reappraisal of the data reported by Harting and Hesse in 1879. Ann Occup Hyg 37: 5–14

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gregor A, Macbeth FR, Paul J, Cram L, Hansen HH (1993) Radical radiotherapy and chemotherapy in localized inoperable non-small cell lung cancer: a randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 85: 997–999

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greschuchna D, Maassen W (1973) Die lymphogenen Absie- delungswege des Bronchialkarzinoms. Thieme, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Grundmann E, Müller KM, Winter KD (1981) Non-smoking wifes of heavy smokers have a higher risk of lung cancer. Br Med J 282: 1156

    Google Scholar 

  • Ha CS, Kijewski PK, Langer MP (1993) Gain in target dose from using computer controlled radiation therapy ( CCRT) in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 26: 335–339

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamburgisches Krebsregister (1994) Krebs in Hamburg. Daten und Informationen. Behörde für Arbeit, Gesundheit und Soziales, Hamburg

    Google Scholar 

  • Haniuda M, Morimoto M, Nishimura H et al. (1992) Adjuvant radiotherapy after complete resection of thymoma. Ann Thorac Surg 54: 311–315

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen HH, Muggia FM (1972) Staging of inoperable patients with bronchogenic carcinoma with special reference to bone marrow and peritoneoscopy. Cancer 3o: 1395–1401

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hardy J, Smith I, Cherryman G, Vincent M, Judson I, Perren T, Williams M (1990) The value of computed tomo-graphic scan surveillance in the detection and management of brain metastases in patients with small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 62: 684–686

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hativoll R, Host H, Kaalhus O (1983) Myelopathy following radiotherapy of bronchial carcinoma with large single fractions: a retrospective study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 9: 41–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Havemann K, Wolf M (1991) Prognostische Faktoren beim kleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinom. In: Drings P, Vogt-Moykopf I (Hrsg) Thoraxtumoren. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Heilmann HP (1990) Bronchuskarzinom: Strahlentherapie. Langenbecks Arch Chir Suppl II: Verh Dtsch Ges Forsch Chir 95–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Hermanek P, Gall FP (1979) Lungentumoren. In: Hermanek P (Hrsg) Kompendium der klinischen Tumorpathologie. Witzstrock, Baden-Baden

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrmann T, Lesche A, Dölling-Jochem I, Voigtmann L (1995) Die internationale Studie des Medical Research Council über die Continuous Hyperfractionated Accelerated Radiation Therapy (CHART) bei Kopf-/Hals-und Bronchial-Karzinomen: Erste Ergebnisse. Strahlenther Onkol 171 [Supple]: 17

    Google Scholar 

  • Herskovic A, Orton C, Seyedsadr M et al. (1991) Initial experience with a practical hyperfractionated radiotherapy regimen. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 21: 1275–1281

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hilaris BS, Martini N, Wong GY, Nori D (1987) Treatment of superior sulcus tumor ( Pancoast tumor ). Surg Clin North Am 67: 965–977

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill WH, Ferguson WS (1979) Statistical analysis of epidemiological data from a chromium chemical manufacturing plant. J Occup Med 21: 103–106

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirayama T (1981) Non-smoking wifes of heavy smokers have a higher risk of lung cancer: a study from Japan. BMJ 282: 183–185

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holmes EC (1989) Surgical adjuvant therapy of non-small cell lung cancer. J Surg Oncol 42 [Suppl 1]: 26–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Houtte P van, Rocmans P, Smets P et al. (1980) Postoperative radiation therapy in lung cancer: a controlled trial after resection of curative design. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 6: 983–986

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Houtte P van, MacLennan I, Poulter C, Rubin P (1984) External radiation in the management of superior sulcus tumor. Cancer 54: 223–227

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huber RM, Rohloff R, Duft S et al. (1990) Long-term course of 52 patients with central lung tumours submitted to endoluminal irradiation therapy. Pneumologie, Sonderh 44: 593–594

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson MA, Ball DL (1991) Post-operative radiotherapy in invasive thymoma. Radiother Oncol 21: 77–82

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jeremic B, Jevremovic S, Mijatovic L, Milisavljevic S (1993) Hyperfractionated radiation therapy with and without concurrent chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer 71: 3732–3736

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jick H, Porter J, Morrison AS (1979) Lung cancer in young women. Arch Intern Med 139: 745–746

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson DH, Einhorn LH, Bartolucci A et al. (1990) Thoracic radiotherapy does not prolong survival in patents with locally advanced, unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Intern Med u3: 33–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Karnofsky DA, Burchenal JH (1974) Clinical evaluation of chemotherapeutic agents in cancer. In: Evaluation of chemotherapeutic agents. Columbia University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaskowitz L, Graham MV, Emami V, Halverson KJ, Rush C (1993) Radiation therapy alone for stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 27: 517–523

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kataoka M, Kawamura M, Itoh H, Hamamoto K (1992) Ga-67 citrate scintigraphy for the early detection of radiation pneumonitis. Clin Nuclmed 17: 27–31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kerr KM, Lamb D (1984) Actual growth rate and tumour cell proliferation in human pulmonary neoplasms. Br J Cancer 5o: 343–349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kies MS, Mira JG, Crowley JJ et al. (1987) Multimodal therapy for limited small-cell lung cancer: a randomized study of induction combination chemotherapy with or without thoracic radiation in complete responders; and with wide-field versus reduced-field radiation in partial responders: a Southwest Oncology Group Study. J Clin Oncol 5: 592–600

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirchner T, Schalke B, Marx A, Müller-Hermeling HK (1989) Evaluation of prognostic factors in thymic epithelial tumors. Thymus 14: 195–203

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirsh MM, Sloan H (1982) Mediastinal metastases in bronchogenic carcinoma: influence of postoperative irradiation, celltype, and location. Ann Thorac Surg 33: 459–463

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kjaer M (1982) Radiotherapy of squamous, adeno-and large cell carcinoma of the lung. Cancer Treat Rev 9: 1–20

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koga K, Kusumoto S, Watanabe K, Nishikawa K, Harada K, Ebihara H (1988) Age factor relevant to the development of radiation pneumonitis in radiotherapy of lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 14: 367–371

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Komaki R, Braber Derus S, Perez-Tamayo C, Byhardt RW, Hartz A, Cox JD (1987) Brain metastases in patients with superior sulcus tumors. Cancer 59: 1649 - i653

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Komaki R, Mountain CF, Holbert JM et al. (1990) Superior sulcus tumors: treatment selection and results for 85 patients without metastasis ( M o) at presentation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 19: 31–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Kristjansen PEG, Kristensen CA (1993) The role of prophylactic cranial irradiation in the management of small cell lung cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 19: 3–16

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langer M, Kijewski P (1991) CCRT for non-small cell lung cancer: sensitivity of clinical gains to organ tolerance restrictions. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 22: 325–332

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer CJ, Curran WJ, Keller SM et al. (1993 a) Report of phase II trial of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with radical thoracic irradiation (6o Gy), infusional fluorouracil, bolus cisplatin and etoposide for clinical stage III B and bulky III A non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 26: 469–478

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer M, Brown R, Kijewski P, Ha C (1993 b) The reliability of optimization under dose-volume limits. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 26: 529–538

    Google Scholar 

  • Law MR, Henk JM, Lennox SC, Hodson ME (1982) Value of radiotherapy for tumor on the bronchial stump after resection for bronchial carcinoma. Thorax 37: 496–499

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • LeChevalier T, Arriagada R, Quoix E et al. (1991) Radiotherapy alone versus combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy in nonresectable non-small cell lung cancer: first analysis of a randomized trial in 353 patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 83: 417–423

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • LeChevalier T, Lacombe-Terrier MJ, Laplanche A et al. (1992) Significant effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival in locally advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 84: 58

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lepke RA, Libshitz HI (1983) Radiation induced injury of the esophagus. Radiology 148: 375–378

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leung WT, Shiu WCT, Pang JCK, Lau J, Tao M, Leung SF, Teo P (1992) Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy versus best supportive care in the treatment of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer. Oncology 49: 321–326

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liengswangwong V, Bonner JA, Shaw EG et al. (1994) Limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: patterns of intrathoracic recurrence and the implications for thoracic radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 12: 496–502

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Line D, Deeley TJ (1971) The necropsy findings in carcinoma of the bronchus. Br J Dis Chest 65: 238–242

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Livingston RB, Schulman S, Mira JG et al. (1986) Combined alkylators and multiple-site irradiation for extensive small cell lung cancer: a Southwest Oncology study. Cancer Treat Rep 7o: 1395–1401

    Google Scholar 

  • Lung Cancer Study Group (1986) Effects of postoperative mediastinal radiation on completely resected stage II and stage III epidermoid cancer of the lung. New Engl J Med 315: 1377–1381

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lyman JT, Wolbarst A (1989) Optimization of radiation therapy, IV: a dose-volume histogram reduction algorithm. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 17: 433–436

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma LD, Taylor GA, Wharam MD, Wiley JM (1993) „Recall“ pneumonitis: adriamycin potentiation of radiation pneumonitis in two children. Radiology 187: 456–467

    Google Scholar 

  • Maassen W, Greschuchna D, Kaiser D, Liebig S, Loddenkemper R, Stapenhorst K, Toomes H (1988) Recommendations on diagnosis, staging, and surgical therapy of lung cancer. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 36: 295–306

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Macha HN, Mai J, Stadler M, Koch K, Loddenkemper R, Krumhaar D, Schumacher W (1986) Neue Wege der Strahlentherapie des Bronchialkarzinoms. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 111: 687–691

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mann SG (1985) Epidemiology of lung cancer. In: Scarantino CW (ed) Lung cancer. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Marino M, Müller-Hermeling HK (1984) Thymoma and thymic carcinoma. Virchows Arch (Pathol Anat) 407: 119–149

    Google Scholar 

  • Martel MK, Ten Haken RK, Hazuka MB, Turrisi AT, Frass BA, Lichter AS (1994) Dose-volume histogram and 3-D treatment planning evaluation of patients with pneumonitis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 28: 575–581

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martini N (1990) Surgical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer by stage. Sem Surg Oncol 6: 2248–2254

    Google Scholar 

  • Martini N, Flehinger BJ (1987) The role of surgery in N 2 lung cancer. Surg Clin North Am 67: 1037–1049

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martini N, Flehinger BJ, Zaman MB, Beattie EJ Jr (1983) Results of resection in non-oat cell carcinoma of the lung with mediastinal lymph node metastases. Ann Surg 198: 386–397

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martini N, Kris MG, Gralla RJ et al. (1988) The effects of preoperative chemotherapy on the resectability of non-small cell lung carcinoma with mediastinal lymph node metastases (N 2 M o). Ann Thorac Surg 45: 370–379

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mattson K, Holsti LR, Poppius H, Korhola O, Stenman S, Tammilehto L (1987) Radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis following split-course radiation therapy for lung cancer. A radiologic and physiologic study. Acta Oncol 26: 193–196

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattson K, Holsti LR, Holsti P et al. (1988) Inoperable non-small cell lung cancer: radiation with or without chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer 24: 477–482

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McCracken D, Janaki LM, Crowley JJ et al. (1990) Concurrent chemotherapy/radiotherapy for limited small-cell lung carcinoma: a Southwest Oncology Group Study. J Clin Oncol 8: 892–898

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Milas L, Nakayama T, Hunter N et al. (1994) Dynamics of tumor cell clonogen repopulation in a murine sarcoma treated with cyclophosphamide. Radiother Oncol 30: 247–253

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mountain CF (1986) A new international staging system for lung cancer. Chest 89: S 225S - 233S

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Müller-Fassbender H, Klein U, Bublath H, Heinze HG (1973) Strahleninduzierte Lungenveränderungen and deren Beeinflußbarkeit durch Oxyphenbutazon. Med Klin 68: 478–483

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Naruke T, Goya T, Tsuchiya R, Suemasu K (1988) The importance of surgery to non-small cell carcinoma of lung with mediastinal lymph node metastasis. Ann Thorac Surg 46: 603–610

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neal CR, Amdur RJ, Mendenhall WM, Knauf DG, Block AJ, Million RR (1991) Pancoast tumor: radiation therapy alone versus preoperative radiation therapy and surgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 21: 651–660

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newcomer LN, Farber LR (1982) Acut myelogenous leukemia after successful treatment of small cell carcinoma of the lung. South Med J 75: 80–81

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newman JA, Archer VE, Saccomanno G et al. (1976) Histologic types of bronchogenic carcinoma among members of copper-mining and smelting communities. Ann NY Acad Sci 271: 260–268

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nieder C, Niewald M, Schnabel K (1994) Strahlentherapie von Hirnmetastasen des Bronchialkarzinoms. Strahlenther Onkol 170: 335–341

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Niederle N, Alberti W, Stuschke M, Konietzko N, Sack H (1988) Prospective randomized study comparing immediate radiotherapy (RT), chemo-plus radiotherapy ( CTT+RT) or delayed radiotherapy in limited disease non-small cell lung cancer. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 7: 214

    Google Scholar 

  • Noltenius H (1981) Systematik der Onkologie. Urban & Schwarzenberg, München Noordijk EM, van der Poest CE, Hermans J, Weyer AMJ, Leer JWH (1988) Radiotherapy as an alternative to surgery in elderly patients with resectable lung cancer. Radiother Oncol 13: 83–89

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Obe WRP (ed) (1994) Occupational lung disorders. Butterworth-Heinmann, Oxford Ochsner A (1973) Cancer of the lung. J Am Diet Assoc 62: 249–252

    Google Scholar 

  • Pancoast HK (1932) Superior pulmonary sulcus tumor: tumor characterized by pain, Homer’s syndrome, destruction of bone and atrophy of hand muscles. JAMA 99: 1391–1395

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park HS, Shin DM, Lee JS et al. (1994) Thymoma. Cancer 73: 2491–2498

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pattle RE (1955) Properties, function and origin of the alveolar lung layer. Nature 175: 1125–1126

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Payne DG (1988) Non-small cell lung cancer: should unresectable stage III patients routinely receive high-dose radiation therapy? J Clin Oncol 6: 552–558

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Payne DG, Yeoh L, Feld R, Pringle JF, Evans WK, Herman JG, Quirt IC (1983) Upper half body irradiation ( UHBI) for extensive small cell carcinoma of the lung. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 9: 1571–1574

    Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen AG, Kristjansen PEG, Hansen HH (1988) Prophylactic cranial irradiation and small cell lung cancer. Cancer Treat Rep 67: 675–682

    Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen AG, Bishop JF, Bleehen NM et al. (1989) Management of CNS metastases in small cell lung cancer–a consensus report. Lung Cancer 5: 140–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen AG, Kristjansen PEG, Hansen HH (1992) Prophylactic cranial irradiation and small cell lung cancer. A review. J Clin Oncol 10: 1498–1502

    Google Scholar 

  • Perez CA, Stanley K, Rubin P et al. (1980 a) A prospective randomized study of various irradiation doses and fractionation schedules in the treatment of inoperable non-oat cell carcinoma of the lung. Cancer 45: 2744–2753

    Google Scholar 

  • Perez CA, Stanley K, Rubin P et al. and the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (198o b) Patterns of tumor recurrence after definitive irradiation for inoperable non-oat cell carcinoma of the lung. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 6: 987–994

    Google Scholar 

  • Perez CA, Bauer M, Edelstein S, Gillespie BW, Birch R (1986) Impact of tumor control on survival in carcinoma of the lung treated with irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 12: 539–547

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perez CA, Pajak TF, Rubin P et al. (1987) Long-term observations of the patterns of failure in patients with unresectable non-oat cell carcinoma of the lung treated with definitive radiotherapy. Cancer 59: 1874–1881

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perry MC, Eaton WL, Propert KJ et al. (1987) Chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy in limited small-cell carcinoma of the lung. N Engl J Med 316: 912–918

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips TL, Miller RJ (1978) Should asymptomatic patients with inoperable bronchogenic carcinoma receive immediate radiotherapy? Yes. Am Rev Resp Dis 117: 405–410

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phlips P, Rocmans P, Vanderhoeft P, van Houtte P (1993) Postoperative radiotherapy after pneumonectomy: impact of modern treatment facilities. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 27: 525–529

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pignon JP, Arriagada R, Ihde DC et al. (1992) A meta-analysis of thoracic radiotherapy for small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med 327: 1618–1624

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raemdonck DE van, Schneider A, Ginsberg RK (1992) Surgical treatment for higher stage non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 54: 990–1013

    Google Scholar 

  • Reboul F, Vincent P, Chauvet B et al. (1994) Radiation therapy with concomitant continuous infusion cisplatin for unresectable non-small cell lung carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 28: 1251–1256

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Recine D, Rowland K, Reddy S et al. (1990) Combined modality therapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma. Cancer 66: 2270–2278

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reif AE (1976) Public information on smoking: an urgent responsibility for cancer research workers. J Natl Cancer Inst 57: 1207–1210

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reinfuss M, Rzepecki W, Czepko A, Strzeszynski J, Kowalska T (1991) Ocena skutecznosci pooperacyjnego napromieniania chorych na niedrobnokomorkowego raka puca. [Evaluation of the effectiveness of postoperative radiotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.] Pneumonol Alergol Pol59: 107–113

    Google Scholar 

  • Reinfuss M, Skolyszewski J, Korzeniowski S, Rzepecki W (1992) Ergebnisse der kurativen Strahlentherapie bei nichtkleinzelligen Lungenkarzinomen. Eine Studie über 130 Patienten. Strahlenther Onkol 168: 573–578

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ricci C, Rendina EA, Venuta F (1989) Superior pulmonary sulcus tumors: radical resection and palliative treatment. Int Surg 74: 175–176

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosell R, Gómez-Codina J, Camps C et al. (1994) A randomized trial comparing preoperative chemotherapy plus surgery with surgery alone in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med 330: 153–158

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenstein M, Armstrong J, Kris M et al. (1992) A reappraisal of the role of prophylactic cranial irradiation in limited small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 24: 43–48

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenthal SA, Curran WJ, Herbert SH et al. (1992) Clinical stage II non-small cell lung cancer treated with radiation therapy alone. Cancer 7o: 2410–2417

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roswit B, White DC (1977) Severe radiation injuries of the lung. Am J Roentgenol 79: 127–136

    Google Scholar 

  • Roswit B, Patno ME, Rapp R, Veinbergs A, Feder B, Stuhl-barg J, Reid CB (1968) The survival of patients with inoperable lung cancer: a large-scale randomized study of radiation therapy versus placebo. Radiology 9o: 688–697

    Google Scholar 

  • Roth J, Fossella F, Komaki R et al. (1994) A randomized trial comparing preoperative chemotherapy and surgery with surgery alone in resectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer. Proc ASCO 13: 334

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubenstein JH, Richter MP, Moldofsky PJ, Solin LJ (1988) Prospective prediction of post-radiation therapy lung function using quantitative lung scans and pulmonary function testing. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 15: 83–87

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rubin P, Andrews J (1968) Response of radiation pneumonitis to corticosteroids. Am J Roentgenol 79: 453–464

    Google Scholar 

  • Rusch VW, Albain KS, Crowley JJ et al. (1993) Surgical resection of stage III A and stage III B non-small cell lung cancer after concurrent induction chemotherapy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 105: 97–106

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rushing DA, Friedenberg WR, Baldauf MC et al. (1991) High dose Carmustin and autologous bone marrow reinfusion in the treatment of refractory or relapsed small cell lung carcinoma. Cancer 68: 720–724

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Samuels ML, Johnson DE, Holoye PY, Lanzotti VJ (1976) Large-dose bleomycin therapy and pulmonary toxicity. A possible role proir radiotherapy. JAMA 235: 1117–1120

    Google Scholar 

  • Sandler HM, Curran WJ, Turrisi AT (1990) The influence of tumor size and pre-treatment staging on outcome following radiation therapy allone for stage I non-small cell lung lung cancer.Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 10: 9–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Saunders MI (1991) Is control of the primary tumour worthwhile in non-oat cell carcinoma of the bronchus? Clin Oncol 3: 185–188

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saunders MI, Dische S (1990) Continuous, hyperfractionated, accelerated radiotherapy ( CHART) in non-small cell carcinoma of the bronchus. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 19: 1211–1215

    Google Scholar 

  • Saunders MI, Dische S, Grosch EJ et al. (1991) Experience with CHART. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 21: 871–878

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sause W, Scott C, Taylor S et al. (1994) RTOG 8808 ECOG 4588, preliminary analysis of a phase III trial in regionally advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer a [Stipp ’ 1]: 179

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaake-Koning C, van den Bogaert W, Dalesio 0 (1992) Effects of concomitant cisplatin and radiotherapy on inoperable non-small cell lung cancer. New Engl J Med 326: 524–530

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schnabel K, Vogt-Moykopf I, Berberich W, Abel U (1983) Vergleich einer Neutronen-mit einer Photonenbestrahlung des Bronchialkarzinoms. Strahlentherapie 159: 458–464

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schumacher W (1976) The use of high-energetic electrons in the treatment of inoperable lung-and bronchogenic carcinoma. In: Kramer S, Suntharalingam N, Zinniger GF (eds) High energy photons and electrons: clinical applications in cancer management. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Seal RME (1971) Pathology of lung cancer. In: Deeley TJ (ed) Carcinoma of the bronchus. Butterworth, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Serrou B, Cupissol D, Plagne R et al. (1981) Parenteral intravenous nutrition (PIVN) as an adjunct to chemotherapy in small cell anaplastic lung carcinoma. Cancer Treat Rep 65 [Suppl 5]: 151–155

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shaw EG, McGinnis WL, Jett JR et al. (1993) Pilot study of accelerated hyperfractionated thoracic radiation therapy plus concomitant etopside and cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with unresectable stage III non-small cell carcinoma of the lung. J Natl Cancer Inst 85: 321–323

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shaw RR, Paulson DL, Kee L (1961) Treatment of the superior sulcus tumor by irradiation followed by resection. Ann Surg 154: 29–40

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Silverberg E, Lubera JA (1983) A review of American Cancer Society estimates of cancer cases and deaths. CA Cancer J Clin 33: 2–8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spencer H (1977) Pathology of the Lung, 3rd edn. Pergamon, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Stamatis G, Wilke H, Eberhardt W et al. (1994) Chirurgie des lokal fortgeschrittenen nicht-kleinzelligen Bronchialcarcinoms nach intensiver präoperativer Chemo-/Strahlentherapie. Chirurg 65: 42–47

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stanford CF (1979) Anticoagulants in the treatment of small cell carcinoma of the bronchus. Thorax 34: 113–11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strauss GM, Herndon JE, Sherman DD et al. (1992) Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy followed by surgery in stage III A non-small cell carcinoma of the lung: report of a Cancer and Leukemia Group B phase II study. J Clin Oncol 10: 1237–1244

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sundaresan N, Hilaris BS, Martini N (1987) The combined neurosurgical-thoracic management of superior sulcus tumors. J Clin Oncol 5: 1739–1745

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sunderman FW (1976) A review of the carcinogenicities of nickel, chromium and arsenic compounds in man and animals. Prey Med 5: 279–294

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor SG, Trybula M, Bonomi PD et al. (1987) Simultaneous cisplatin fluorouracil infusion and radiation followed by surgical resection in regionally localized stage II, non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 43: 87–91

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ten Haken RK, Martel MK, Kessler ML et al. (1993) Use of Veff and iso-ntcp in the implementation of dose escalation protocols. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 27: 689–695

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thames HD, Schultheiss TE, Hendry JH, Tucker SL, Dub-ray BM, Brock WA (1991) Can modest escalations of dose be detected as increased tumor control? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 22: 241–246

    Google Scholar 

  • Trove, MG, Minatel E, Franchin G et al. (1992) Radiotherapy versus radiotherapy enhanced by cisplatin in stage III non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 24: 11–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turrisi AT (1990) Thoracic radiotherapy variables: influence on local control in small cell lung cancer limited disease. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 19: 1473–1479

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turrisi AT (1993) Innovations in multimodality therapy for lung cancer. Chest 103: S 56 S-59 S

    Google Scholar 

  • Turrisi AT, Glover DJ, Mason BA (1988) A preliminary report: concurrent twice-daily radiotherapy plus platinum-etoposide chemotherapy for limited smallk cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 15: 183–187

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turrisi AT, Kim K, Johnson DH et al. (1994) Daily (qd) vs twice-daily (bid) thoracic irradiation with concurrent cisplatin-etoposid for limited small cell lung cancer. Preliminary results on 352 randomized eligible patients. Lung Cancer n [Supp11]: 172

    Google Scholar 

  • UICC (1992) TNM-Klassifikation maligner Tumoren, 4. Aufl, 2. Rev. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Valaitis J, Warren S, Gamble D (1981) Increasing incidence of adenocarcinoma of the lung. Cancer 47: 1042–1046.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Volk SA, Mansour RF, Gandara DR et al. (1984) Morbidity in long-term survivers of small cell carcinoma of the lung. Cancer 54: 25–27

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Warde P, Payne D (1992) Does thoracic irradiation improve survival and local control in limited-stage small-cell carcinoma of the lung? A meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol io: 890–895

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiden PL, Piantadosi S (1991) Preoperative chemotherapy (cisplatin and fluorouracil) and radiation therapy in stage III non-small cell lung cancer: a phase II study of the lung cancer study group. J Natl Cancer Inst 83: 266–272

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weiss W (1973) The growth rate of bronchogenic carcinoma. Is it constant? Cancer 32: 167–171

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White C (1990) Research on smoking and lung cancer: a landmark in the history of chronic disease epidemiology. Yale J Biol Med 63: 29–46

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whitfield AGW, Bond WH, Kunkler PB (1963) Radiation damage to thoracic tissues. Thorax 18: 371–380

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • WHO (1981) Histological typing of lung cancer, 2nd edn. Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO (1982) The World Health Organisation histological typing of lung tumors. Second edition. Am J Clin Pathol 77: 123–136

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams C, Alexander M, Glatstein EJ (1977) The role of radiation therapy in combination with chemotherapy in extensive oat cell cancer of the lung: a randomized study. Cancer Treat Rep 61: 142–143

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson RB, Mira JG, Chen TT et al. (1983) Comparison of chemotherapy alone versus chemotherapy and radiation therapy of extensive small cell carcinoma of the lung. J Surg Oncol 23: 181–184

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wolf M, Holle R, Hans K, Drings P, Havemann K (1991) Analysis of prognostic factors in 766 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC): The role of sex as a predictor for survival. Br J Cancer 63: 986–992

    Google Scholar 

  • Wurm R, Gieseler K, Pape H, Schmitt G (1992) Thymoma: a radiotherapeutic challenge? (Meeting abstract). Br J Cancer 66 [Suppl XVII]: 15

    Google Scholar 

  • Würschmidt F, Bünemann H, Bünemann C, Beck-Bornholdt HP, Heilmann HP (1994) Inoperable non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis of 427 patients treated with high-dose radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 28: 583–588

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wynder EL (1972) Etiology of lung cancer–reflections on two decades of research. Cancer 3o: 1332–1339

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang HX, Yin WB, Zhang LJ et al. (1989) Curative radiotherapy of early operable non-small cell lung cancer. Radi-other Onco114: 89–94

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. M. Stuschke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H.-P. Heilmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Strahlenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45122, Essen, Deutschland

    Eberhard Scherer  & Horst Sack  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Stuschke, M., Heilmann, HP. (1996). Lunge und Mediastinum. In: Scherer, E., Sack, H. (eds) Strahlentherapie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79432-2_35

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79432-2_35

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-79433-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-79432-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation