Abstract
This compilation of prognostic factors in malignant melanoma of the skin is predominantly based on the updated comprehensive overview on prognosis published in 1992 by Balch et al. [3, 4]. The authors’ data from the University of Erlangen, Germany (more than 850 patients) [26, 48, 49], and from the N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, St.Petersburg, Russia (614 patients) [53], are widely comparable with the data from the University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA, and the Sydney Melanoma Unit, Australia (over 8500 patients) [3], and are therefore not presented separately. In 1989, an analysis of 54 multivariate studies of melanoma was published by Vollmer [52]. The methodological differences and deficiencies of various studies and the importance of patient selection were discussed, especially with regard to different results. In Vollmer’s analysis of the literature, patients of different stages have been combined.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Baak JP, Tan GJ (1986) The adjuvant prognostic value of nuclear morphometry in stage I malignant melanoma of the skin: a multivariate analysis. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 8: 241–244
Balch CM, Urist MM, Maddox WA, Soong S-J (1985) Melanoma in the Southern United States: experience at the University of Alabama in Birmingham. In: Balch CM, Milton GW (eds) Cutaneous melanoma. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Balch CM, Soong S-J, Shaw HM, Urist MM, McCarthy WH (1992) An analysis of prognostic factors in 8500 patients with cutaneous melanoma. In: Balch CM, Houghton AN, Milton GW, Sober AJ, Soong S-J (eds) Cutaneous melanoma, 2nd edn. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Balch CM, Cascinelli N, Drzewiecki KT, Eldh J, MacKie RM, McCarthy WH, McLeod GR, Morton DL, Seigier HF, Shaw HM, Sim FH, Sober AJ, Soong S-J, Takematsu H, Tonak J, Wong J (1992) A comparison of prognostic factors worldwide. In: Balch CM, Houghton AN, Milton GW, Sober AJ, Soong S-J (eds) Cutaneous melanoma, 2nd edn. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Balch CM, Milton GW, Cascinelli N, Sim FH (1992) Elective lymph node dissection. Pros and cons. In: Balch CM, Houghton AN, Milton GW, Sober AJ, Soong S-J (eds) Cutaneous melanoma, 2nd edn. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Calabro A, Singletary SE, Balch CM (1989) Patterns of relapse in 1001 consecutive patients with melanoma nodal metastases. Arch Surg 124: 1051–1055
Cascinelli N, Nava M, Yaglini M, Maroida R, Santinami M, Rovini D, demente C (1985) Melanoma in Italy: experience at the National Cancer Institute of Milan. In: Balch CM, Milton GW (eds) Cutaneous melanoma. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Clark WH, Elder DE, Guerry D, Braitman LE, Trock BJ, Schultz D, Synnestvedt M, Halpern AC (1989) A model predicting survival in stage I melanoma based upon tumor progression. J Natl Cancer Inst 81: 1893–1904
Cochran AJ, Lana AM A, Wen D-R (1989) Histomorphometry in the assessment of prognosis in stage II malignant melanoma. Am J Surg Pathol 13: 600–604
Cox EB, Vollmer RT, Seigler HF (1985) Melanoma in the Southeastern United States: experi¬ence at the Duke Medical Center. In: Balch CM, Milton GW (eds) Cutaneous melanoma. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Day CL Jr, Sober AJ, Kopf AW, Lew RA, Mihm MC Jr, Golomb FM, Postel A, Hennessey P, Harris MN, Gumport SL, Raker JW, Malt RA, Cosimi AB, Wood WC, Roses DF, Gorstein F, Fitzpatrick TB, Postel A (1981) A prognostic model for clinical stage I melanoma of the lower extremity. Surgery 89: 599–603
Day CL Jr, Sober AJ, Kopf AW, Lew RA, Mihm MC Jr, Golomb FM, Postel A, Hennessey P, Harris MN, Gumport SL, Raker JW, Malt RA, Cosimi AB, Wood WC, Roses DF, Gorstein F, Fitzpatrick TB, Postel A (1981) A prognostic model for clinical stage I melanoma of the trunk: location near the midline is not an independent risk factor for recurrent disease. Am J Surg 142: 247–251
Day CL Jr, Harrist TJ, Gorstein F, Sober AJ, Lew RA, Friedman RJ, Pasternack BS, Kopf AW, Fitzpatrick TB, Mihm MC Jr (1981) Malignant melanoma: prognostic significance of micro¬scopic satellites in the reticular dermis and subcutaneous fat. Ann Surg 194: 108–112
Day CL Jr, Harrist TJ, Lew RA, Mihm MC Jr (1982) Classification of malignant melanomas according to the histologic morphology of melanoma nodules. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 8: 874–890
Drepper H, Biess B, Hofherr B, Hundeiker M, Lippold A, Otto F, Padberg G, Peters A, Wiebelt H (1992) The prognosis of patients with stage III melanoma. Prospective long-term study on 286 patients of the Fachklinik Hornheide. Cancer 71: 1239–1246
Drepper H, Köhler CO, Bastian B, Breuninger H, Bröcker E-B, Göhl J, Groth W, Hermanek P, Hohenberger W, Lippold A, Kölmel K, Landthaler M, Peters A, Tilgen W (1993) Benefit of elective lymph node dissection in subgroups of melanoma patients. Cancer 72: 741–749
Drzewiecki KT, Andersen PK (1982) Survival with malignant melanoma. A regression analysis of prognostic factors. Cancer 49: 2414–2419
Drzewiecki KT, Poulsen H, Vibe P, Ladefoged C, Andersen PK (1985) Melanoma in Denmark: experience at the University Hospital, Odense. In: Balch CM, Milton GW (eds) Cutaneous melanoma. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Elder DE, Murphy GF (1991) Melanocytic tumors of the skin. Atlas of tumor pathology, 3rd series, fascicle 2. AfiP, Washington DC
Eldh J, Boeryd B, Peterson LE (1978) Prognostic factors in cutaneous malignant melanoma in stage I. A clinical, morphological and multivariate analysis. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg 12: 243–255
Eldh J, Boeryd B, Suurküla M, Peterson LE, Holmström H (1985) Melanoma in Sweden: experience at the University of Göteborg. In: Balch CM, Milton GE (eds) Cutaneous melanoma. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Garbe C, Büttner P, Bertz J, Burg G, d’Hoedt B, Drepper H, Guggenmoos-Holzmann I, Lechner W, Lippold A, Orfanos CE, Peters A, Rassner G, Schwermann M, Stadler R, Stroebel W (1990) Die Prognose des primären malignen Melanoms. Eine multizentrische Studie an 5093 Patienten. In: Orfanos CE, Garbe C (eds) Das maligne Melanom der Haut. Zuckschwerdt, Munich
Hacene K, Le Doussal V, Brunet M, Lemoine F, Guerin P, Hebert H (1983) Prognostic index for clinical stage I cutaneous malignant melanoma. Cancer Res 43: 2991–2996
Häffner AC, Garbe C, Burg G, Büttner P, Orfano CE, Rassner G (1992) The prognosis of primary and metastasising melanoma. An evaluation of the TNM classification in 2,495 patients. Br J Cancer 66: 856–861
Hermanek P, Sobin LH (eds) (1992) UICC TNM classification of malignant tumours, 4th edn, 2nd rev. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Hohenberger W, Göhl J, Kessler C (1993) Prophylaktische und therapeutische Lymphknoten¬dissektion bei malignem Melanom. Chirurg 32: 7–9
Kheir SA, Bines SD, Vonroenn JH, Soong S-J, Urist MM, Coon JS (1988) Prognostic significance of DNA aneuploidy in stage I cutaneous melanoma. Ann Surg 207: 455–461
Kopf AW, Gross DF, Rogers DS, Rigel DS, Hellman LJ, Levenstein M, Welkovich B, Friedman RJ, Roses DF, Bart RS, Mintzis MM, Gumport SL (1987) Prognostic index for malignant melanoma. Cancer 59: 1236–1241
Kopf AW, Welkovich B, Frankel RE, Stoppelmann EJ, Bart RS, Rogers GS, Rigel DS, Friedman RJ, Levenstein MJ, Gumport SL, Hennessey P (1987) Thickness of malignant melanoma: global analysis of related factors. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 13: 345–420
McCarthy WH, Shaw HM, Milton GW, McGovern VJ (1985) Melanoma in New South Wales, Australia: experience at the Sydney Melanoma Unit. In: Balch CM, Milton GW (eds) Cutaneous melanoma. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Merkel DE, McGuire WL (1990) Ploidy, proliferative activity and prognosis. DNA flow cytometry of solid tumors. Cancer 65: 1194–1205
Meyskens FL Jr, Berdeaux DH, Parks B, Tong T, Loescher LS, Moon TE (1988) Cutaneous malignant melanoma ( Arizona Cancer Center experience ). Cancer 62: 1207–1214
Morton DL, Roe DJ, Cochran AJ (1985) Melanoma in the Western United States: experience with stage II melanoma at the UCLA Medical Center. In: Balch CM, Milton GW (eds) Cutaneous melanoma. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Morton DL, Davtyan DG, Wanek LA, Foshag LJ, Cochran AJ (1993) Multivariate analysis of the relationship between survival and the microstage of primary melanoma by Clark level and Breslow thickness. Cancer 71: 3737–3743
Presant CA, Bartolucci AA, Southeastern Cancer Study Group (1982) Prognostic factors in metastatic malignant melanoma. Cancer 49: 2192–2196
Ronan SG, Eng AM, Briele HA, Shioura NN, Gupta TK (1987) Thin malignant melanomas with regression and metastases. Arch Dermatol 123: 1326–1330
Ronan SG, Han MC, Das Gupta TK (1988) Histologic prognostic indicators in cutaneous malignant melanoma. Semin Oncol 15: 558–565
Schmoeckel C, Bockelbrink A, Bockelbrink H, Koutsis J, Braun-Falco O (1983) Low- and high- risk malignant melanoma. I. Evaluation of clinical and histological prognostic factors in 585 cases. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 19: 227–236
Schmoeckel C, Bockelbrink A, Bockelbrink H, Braun-Falco O (1983) Low- and high-risk malignant melanoma. II. Multivariate analyses for a prognostic classification. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 19: 237–243
Singletary SE, Tucker SL, Boddie AW (1988) Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in regional cutaneous metastases of extremity melanoma. Cancer 61: 1437–1440
Singletary SE, Balch CM (1992) Recurrent regional metastases and their management. In: Balch CM, Houghton AN, Milton GW, Sober AJ, Soong S-J (eds) Cutaneous melanoma, 2nd edn. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Sirott MN, Bajorin DF, Wong GYC, Tao Y, Chapman PB, Templeton MA, Houghton A (1993) Prognostic factors in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. Cancer 72: 3091–3098
Sober AJ, Day CL Jr, Koh HK, Lew RA, Mihm MC Jr, Kopf AW, Fitzpatrick TP (1985) Melanoma in the Northeastern United States: experience of the Melanoma Clinical Cooperative Group. In: Balch CM, Milton GW (eds) Cutaneous melanoma. Lippincott,Philadelphia
Sondergaard K, Schou G (1985) Therapeutic and clinico-pathological factors in the survival of 1,469 patients with primary cutaneous malignant melanoma in clinical stage I. Virchows Arch [A] 408: 249–258
Soong S-J (1985) A computerized mathematical model and scoring system for predicting outcome in melanoma patients. In: Balch CM, Milton GW (eds) Cutaneous melanoma. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Soong S-J (1992) A computerized mathematical model and scoring system for predicting outcome in patients with localized melanoma. In: Balch CM, Houghton AN, Milton GW, Sober AJ, Soong S-J (eds) Cutaneous melanoma, 2nd edn. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Timmons MJ, Thomas JM (1993) The width of excision of cutaneous melanoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 19: 313–315
Tonak J, Hermanek P, Weidner F, Guggenmoos-Holzmann I, Altendorf A (1985) Melanoma in Germany: experience at the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg. In: Balch CM, Milton GW (eds) Cutaneous melanoma. Lippincott, Philadelphia
Tonak J (1986) Malignes Melanom der Haut. In: Gall FP, Hermanek P, Tonak J (eds) Chirurgische Onkologie. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Urist MM, Balch CM, Soong S-J, Milton GW, Shaw HM, McGovern VJ, Murad TM, McCarthy WH, Maddox WA (1984) Head and neck melanoma in 536 clinical stage I patients. Ann Surg 200: 769–775
Van der Esch EP, Cascinelli N, Preda F, Morabito A, Bufalino R (1981) Stage I melanoma of the skin: evaluation of prognosis according to histologic characteristics. Cancer 48: 1668–1673
Vollmer RT (1989) Malignant melanoma. A multivariate analysis of prognostic factors. Pathol Annu 24: 383–407
Wagner RI, Blinov NN, Anisimov W (1987) Clinical diagnostic and prognosis of primary malignant skin melanoma. In: Actual problems of diagnostic and treatment of malignant skin melanoma. Research Works of the Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, Leningrad
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 International Union Against Cancer, Geneva
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hermanek, P., Blinov, N.N. (1995). Malignant Melanoma of Skin. In: Hermanek, P., Gospodarowicz, M.K., Henson, D.E., Hutter, R.V.P., Sobin, L.H. (eds) Prognostic Factors in Cancer. UICC International Union Against Cancer / Union Internationale Contre le Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79395-0_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79395-0_17
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-58688-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-79395-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive