Abstract
The biological methods of ambient air pollution monitoring are based on the principle of the utilization of biota as integrators of the environmental exposure. Species of fauna and flora are utilized for the bioindication of environmental changes (Mejstrik and Pospisil 1988) on account of their sensitivity. The most sensitive species among fytoindicators - lichens are of a special interest because their mineral nourishment is absorbed by their whole body surface. Where lichens do not grow, the method of lichen transplantation is applied (Goodman et al. 1975). Wild growing plant communities can also indicate air pollution. The sensitive species gradually extinguish and only the resistant plants persist. In the areas polluted by magnesite emissions as well as in the surroundings of the chemical factory, only the most resistant plant species occur (Kaleta 1988). A gradual deterioration of the deciduous forests also indicates air pollution. Concerning fauna, insects can be referred to as sensitive bioindicators of air and water pollution. The rusty colour of Daphnia magna living in standing water adjacent to a nickel smelter dumping-site indicated the increased metal accumulation (Fe, Ni, Cr). This was confirmed by X-ray microanalysis (Foltinova et al. 1988).
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© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Reichrtova, E. (1995). Monitoring of Air Pollutant Effects, Some Principles and Examples. In: Förstner, U., Salomons, W., Mader, P. (eds) Heavy Metals. Environmental Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79316-5_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79316-5_4
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