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Anti-Endotoxin Therapy

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Clinical Trials for the Treatment of Sepsis

Part of the book series: Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine ((UICM,volume 19))

Abstract

In a recent national hospital discharge survey, sepsis was the 13th leading cause of death in the United States [1]. Between 1979 and 1987, the rate of septicemia increased 139%, from 73.6 to 176 per 100 000 persons. Approximately 400 000 cases of sepsis occur annually in the US. Bacteria, mainly gram-negative bacilli (Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae), gram-negative cocci (Neisseria meningitidis) and gram-positive cocci (,Staphylococci, streptococci, Enterococcus species) are the most frequent microbial pathogens isolated from blood or from primary infectious sites of patients with documented sepsis. Half of the documented episodes of sepsis are due to gram-negative bacteria. Today, gram-negative bacteremia accounts for approximately 1% of all hospital admissions [2–4] and is associated with an overall mortality of 20 to 35% [5]. However, fatality ratios may be 50 to 80% in patients who present with septic shock [6–11], which is the most common cause of death in non-coronary ICU [12].

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Authors
  1. T. Calandra
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  2. J. D. Baumgartner
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Critical Care, Victoria Hospital, 375 South Street, N6A 4G5, London, Ontario, Canada

    W. J. Sibbald

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Calandra, T., Baumgartner, J.D. (1995). Anti-Endotoxin Therapy. In: Vincent, JL., Sibbald, W.J. (eds) Clinical Trials for the Treatment of Sepsis. Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, vol 19. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79224-3_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79224-3_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-79226-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-79224-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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