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Stratospheric Ozone Depletion/UV-B Radiation in the Biosphere pp 155–161Cite as

UV-B Effects on Aquatic Systems

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Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASII,volume 18))

Abstract

The marine phytoplankton represents the single most important ecosystem on the earth as it produces more biomass than all terrestrial ecosystems taken together. Thus, it also constitutes an important sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide. Earlier studies have shown that many phytoplankton organisms are under UV-B stress even at ambient levels. Phytoplankton is not equally distributed in the water column, but rather uses highly specific orientation strategies to move to and stay in zones of suitable light intensity for growth and survival.

The most important external cues for the orientation mechanisms are light (phototaxis) and gravity (gravitaxis). These orientation mechanisms, however, are impaired by UV-B radiation as are motility (percentage of motile cells) and the individual swimming velocities. As a consequence, the photosynthetic pigments as well as the structural proteins of the photosynthetic apparatus are affected by solar radiation as shown by FPLC, gel electrophoresis, and spectroscopic methods. Chromoproteins of the photoreceptor apparatus responsible for phototaxis have also been found to be affected. Any increase in solar UV-B radiation due to partial stratospheric ozone depletion caused by the anthropogenic emission of gaseous pollutants carries the risk of affecting the phytoplankton ecosystems.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Botanik und Pharmazeutische Biologie, Staudtstraße 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany

    Donat-P. Häder

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  1. Donat-P. Häder
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  1. Horticultural Science Faculty, University of Florida, P.O.Box 110 692, Gainesville, FL, 32611-0692, USA

    R. Hilton Biggs  & Margaret E. B. Joyner  & 

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© 1994 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Häder, DP. (1994). UV-B Effects on Aquatic Systems. In: Biggs, R.H., Joyner, M.E.B. (eds) Stratospheric Ozone Depletion/UV-B Radiation in the Biosphere. NATO ASI Series, vol 18. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78884-0_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78884-0_18

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-78886-4

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