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Electrogenic Cl− Transporters in Biological Membranes pp 1–16Cite as

Halorhodopsin: A Prokaryotic Light-Driven Active Chloride Transport System

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Part of the book series: Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology ((COMPARATIVE,volume 19))

Abstract

Because they inhabit hypersaline bodies of water, the extremely halophilic archae, such as Halobacterium halobium, have developed effective mechanisms to transport cations and anions across their cell membrane. Some of these, e.g., the electron transfer chain (Lanyi 1968; Cheah 1969, 1970; Hallberg Gradin and Colmsjö 1989), which couples proton extrusion to aerobic respiration, the sodium/proton antiporter (Lanyi and MacDonald 1976; Eisenbach et al. 1977; Lanyi and Silverman 1979; Konishi and Murakami 1988, 1990), and the proton-transport ATPase (Hochstein et al. 1987; Mukohata and Yoshida 1987b; Nanba and Mukohata 1987; Stan-Lotter and Hochstein 1989; Ihara and Mukohata 1991; Schobert 1991; Stan-Lotter et al. 1991) are similar to transport systems in less exotic forms of life. Others are unique to this group of organisms, however: they are the ion-motive bacterial rhodopsins (reviewed in Lanyi 1990; Mathies et al. 1991) which, together with the halobacterial sensory rhodopsins (reviewed in Spudich and Bogomolni 1988), resemble the visual pigments of higher organisms in what appears to be a striking example of convergent evolution.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, 92717, Irvine, CA, USA

    J. K. Lanyi

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  1. J. K. Lanyi
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  1. Department of Physiology College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100274, 32610, Gainesville, FL, USA

    George A. Gerencser

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© 1994 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Lanyi, J.K. (1994). Halorhodopsin: A Prokaryotic Light-Driven Active Chloride Transport System. In: Gerencser, G.A. (eds) Electrogenic Cl− Transporters in Biological Membranes. Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology, vol 19. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78261-9_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78261-9_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-78263-3

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