Skip to main content

Optical Properties of Quantum Wells

  • Chapter
Gas Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Materials Science ((SSMATERIALS,volume 26))

  • 267 Accesses

Abstract

High-quality quantum wells of Ga x In1−x As1−y P y /InP have become available in the last few years. These heterostructures have been prepared by a number of epitaxial methods ranging from ESMBE [7.1], through several GSMBE methods, to low and atmospheric pressure MOCVD. The GSMBE and MOCVD methods have achieved the reproducibility and precision of multilayer epitaxy of GaInAs(P), which have been previously reserved only for the GaAs/Al x Ga1−x As system. In the discussion of the optical properties of Ga x In1−x As y P1−y quantum wells we shall rely primarily on the results obtained on the structures grown by HSMBE with which we are most familiar. However, notable examples of the work carried out on structures grown by MOMBE and MOCVD [7.2–4] will also be discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. P. A. Claxton, J. S. Roberts, J. P. R. David, C. M. Sotomayor-Torres, M. S. Skolnick, P. R. Tapster, K. J. Nash: J. Cryst. Growth 81, 288 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. M. Razeghi, J. P. Hirtz, U. O. Ziemelis, C. Delelande, B. Etiene, M. Voos: Appl. Phys. Lett. 43, 585 (1983)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. B. I. Miller, E. F. Schubert, U. Koren, A. Ourmazd, A. H. Dayem, R. J. Capik: Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 1384 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. M. Razeghi, J. P. Duchemin: J. Cryst. Growth 70, 145 (1984)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. J. M. Vandenberg, R. A. Hamm, M. B. Panish, H. Temkin: J. Appl. Phys. 62, 1278 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. L. D. Landau, E. M. Lifshitz: Quantum Mechanics - Non Relativistic Theory (Pergamon, Oxford 1977) pp. 181–185

    Google Scholar 

  7. Z. Ikonic, V. Milanovic, D. Tjapkin, S. Pajevic: Phys. Rev. B37, 3097 (1988)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. G. Bastard: Phys. Rev. B24, 5693 (1981)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. D. A. B. Miller, D. S. Chemla, T. C. Damen, A. C. Gossard, W. Wiegman, T. H. Wood, C. A. Burrus: Phys. Rev. B32, 1043 (1985)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. M. B. Panish, H. Temkin, R. A. Hamm, S. N. G. Chu: Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 164 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. B. DeCremoux, P. Hirth, J. Ricciardi: Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. 56, 115 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  12. S. Mahajan, B. V. Dutt, H. Temkin, R. J. Cava, W. A. Bonner: J. Cryst. Growth 68, 589 (1984)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. M. Razeghi, Ph. Maurel, F. Omnes, J. Nagle: Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 2216 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. W. T. Tsang, E. F. Schubert: Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 220 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. R. Sauer, T. D. Harris, W. T. Tsang: Phys. Rev. B34, 9023 (1986)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. C. W. Tu, R. C. Miller, B. A. Wilson, P. M. Petroff, T. D. Harris, R. F. Kopf, R. F. Sputz, M. G. Lamont: J. Cryst. Growth 81, 159 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. M. S. Skolnick, L. L. Taylor, S. J. Bass, A. D. Pitt, D. J. Mowbray, A. G. Cullis, N. G. Chew: Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 24 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. J. H. Marsh, J. S. Roberts, P. H. Claxton: Appl. Phys. Lett. 46, 1161 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. D. Gershoni, H. Temkin, M. B. Panish: Phys. Rev. B38, 7870 (1988)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. R. C. Miller, A. C. Gossard, W. T. Tsang, O. Munteanu: Phys. Rev. B25, 3871 (1982)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. G. Bastard: Phys. Rev. B24, 4714 (1981)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. R. C. Miller, D. A. Kleinman, W. T. Tsang, A. C. Gossard: Phys. Rev. B24, 1134 (1981)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. J. Hegarty, M. D. Sturge, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 2, 1143 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. J. Feldman, G. Peter, E. O. Gobel, P. Dawson, K. Moore, C. Foxon, R. J. Elliott: Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 2337 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. U. Cebulla, G. Bacher, G. Mayer, A. Forchel, W. T. Tsang, M. Razeghi: Superlattices and Microstructures, 5, 227 (1989)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. D. Ritter, M. B. Panish, R. A. Hamm, D. Gershoni, I. Brener: Appl. Phys. Lett. 56, 1448 (1990)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. R. Sauer, T. D. Harris, W. T. Tsang: Phys. Rev. B. 39, 12929 (1989)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. M. G. W. Alexander, W. W. Ruhle, R. Sauer, W. T. Tsang: Appl. Phys. Lett. 55, 885 (1989)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. H. Temkin, M. B. Panish, P. M. Petroff, R. A. Hamm, J. M. Vandenberg, S. Sumski: Appl. Phys. Lett. 47, 394 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. B. Deveaud, J. Shah, T. C. Damen, W. T. Tsang: Appl. Phys. Lett. 52, 1886 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. G. Eisenstein, J. M. Wiesenfeld, M. Wegener, G. Sucha, D. S. Chemla, S. Weiss, G. Rayborn, U. Koren: Appl. Phys. Lett., Appl. Phys. Lett. 58, 158 (1991)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. H. Temkin, B. V. Dutt, W. B. Bonner: Appl. Phys. Lett. 38, 431 (1981)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. K. Tai, W. T. Tsang, J. Hegarty: Proc. Int’l. Conf. Quant. Electron. (IQEC), Tokyo, July 18–21 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  34. R. C. Miller, R. Bhat: J. Appl. Phys, 64, 3647 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. D. Gershoni, H. Temkin: J. Lumin. 44, 381 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. E. O. Kane: J. Phys. Chan. Solids 1, 249 (1957)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. J. S. Blakemore: J. Appl. Phys. 53, R123 (1982)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. H. Temkin, M. B. Panish, S. N. G. Chu: Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 859 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. W. T. Tsang, E. F. Schubert, S. N. G. Chu, K. Tai, R. Sauer: Appl. Phys. Lett. 50, 540 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. H. Temkin, M. B. Panish: unpublished

    Google Scholar 

  41. Y. P. Varshni: Physica 34, 149 (1967)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. H. Temkin, V. G. Keramidas, M. A. Pollack, W. R. Wagner: J. Appl. Phys. 52, 1574 (1981)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. Y. Kawaguchi, H. Asahi: Appl. Phys. Lett. 50, 1243 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. R. Dingle, W. Wiegmann, C. H. Henry: Phys. Rev. Lett. 33, 827 (1974)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. H. Temkin, G. J. Dolan, M. B. Panish, S. N. G. Chu: Appl. Phys. Lett. 50, 413 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. H. C. Casey, E. Buehler: Appl. Phys. Lett. 30, 247 (1977)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. A. E. Ekimov, A. A. Onushchenko: Sov. Phys. Semicon. 16, 775 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  48. L. Bras: IEEE J., QE-22, 1909 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. W. J. Skocpol, L. D. Jackel, E. L. Hu, R. E. Howard, L. A. Fetter: Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 951 (1982)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. L. T. Canham: Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 1046 (1990)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. S. Furukawa, T. Mijasato: Superlattices Mierostract. 5, 317 (1989)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. P. M. Petroff, A. C. Gossard, R. A. Logan, W. Wiegman: Appl. Phys. Lett. 41, 635 (1982)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  53. J. Cibert, P. M. Petroff, G. J. Dolan, S. J. Pearton, A. C. Gossard, J. H. English: Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 223 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. M. A. Reed, R. T. Bate, K. Bradshaw, W. M. Duncan, W. R. Frensley, J. W. Lee, H. D. Shih: J. Vac. Sci. Teehnol. B4, 358 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. M. Asada, Y. Miyamoto, M. Suematsu: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 24, L95 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. D. Gershoni, H. Temkin, G. J. Dolan, J. Dunsmuir, S. N. G. Chu, M. B. Panish: Appl. Phys. Lett. 53, 995 1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  57. T. A. Fulton, G. J. Dolan: Appl. Phys. Lett. 42, 752 (1983)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  58. A. Scherer, H. G. Craighead: Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 1284 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  59. M. Notomi, M. Naganuma, T. Nishida, T. Tamamura, H. Iwamura, S. Nojima, M. Okamoto: Appl. Phys. Lett. 58, 720 (1991)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  60. C. H. Henry, B. H. Verbeek: J. Lightwave Teehnol., 7, 308 (1989)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  61. I. Bar-Joseph, C. Klingshirn, D. A. B. Miller, D. S. Chemla, U. Koren, B. I. Miller: Appl. Phys. Lett. 50, 1010 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  62. H. Temkin, S. N. G. Chu, M. B. Panish, R. A. Logan: Appl. Phys. Lett. 50, 956 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  63. U. Koren, T. L. Koch, H. Presting, B. I. Miller: Appl. Phys. Lett. 50, 368 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  64. D. Gershoni, H. Temkin, M. B. Panish: Appl. Phys. Lett. 53, 1294 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  65. K. Wakita, Y. Kawamura, Y. Yoshikuni, H. Asahi: Electron. Lett. 22, 907 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. G. C. Osbourn: Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 25, 455 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. R. People: Appl. Phys. Lett. 50, 1604 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  68. D. Gershoni, J. M. Vandenberg, R. A. Hamm, H. Temkin, M. B. Panish: Phys. Rev. B36, 1320 (1987)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  69. D. Gershoni, H. Temkin, J. M. Vandenberg, S. N. G. Chu, R. A. Hamm, M. B. Panish: Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 448 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  70. D. Gershoni, H. Temkin, M. B. Panish, R. A. Hamm: Phys. Rev. B39, 5531 (1989)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  71. H. Temkin, D. Gershoni, S. N. G. Chu, J. Vandenberg, R. A. Hamm, M. B. Panish: Appl. Phys. Lett. 55, 668 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. J. W. Matthews, A. E. Blakeslee: J. Cryst. Growth 27, 188 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  73. S. N. G. Chu, A. T. Macrander, K. Strege, W. D. Johnston, Jr.: J. Appl. Phys. 57, 249 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  74. C. A. King, J. L. Hoyt, C. M. Gronet, J. F. Gibbons, S. W. Wilson: IEEE EDL-9, 229 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  75. S. Adachi: J. Appl. Phys. 53, 8775 (1982)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  76. I. J. Fritz, P. L. Gourley, L. R. Dawson: Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 1004 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  77. J. P. Reithmaier, H. Cerva, R. Losch: Appl. Phys. Lett. 54, 48 (1989)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  78. J. M. Vandenberg, S. N. G. Chu, R. A. Hamm, M. B. Panish, H. Temkin: Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 1305 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  79. J. E. Schuber, I. J. Fritz, L. R. Dawson: Appl. Phys. Lett. 46, 182 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  80. K. Nishi, K. Hirose, T. Mizatani: Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 194 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. J. C. Hensel, G. Feher: Phys. Rev. 129, 1401 (1963)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. G. L. Bir, G. E. Pikus: Symmetry and Strain Induced Effects in Semiconductors (Halsted, New York 1974)

    Google Scholar 

  83. G. Bastard, J. B. Brum: IEEE J. QE-22, 1625 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. D. A. B. Miller, J. S. Weiner, D. S. Chemla: IEEE J. QE-22, 1816 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. W. D. Laidig, N. Holonyak, Jr., M. D. Camras, K. Hess, J. J. Coleman, P. Dapkus, J. Bardeen: Appl. Phys. Lett. 38, 776 (1981)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  86. T. Fukuzawa, S. Semura, H. Saito, T. Ohta, Y. Uchida, H. Nakashima: Appl. Phys. Lett. 45, 1 (1984)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  87. T. E. Schlesinger, T. Kuech: Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 519 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  88. P. Hirsh, A. Howie, R. B. Nicholson, D. W. Pashley, M. J. Wheelan: Electron Microscopy in Thin Crystals, (Robert E. Krieger, NY 1977)

    Google Scholar 

  89. M. J. Ludowise: Ph.D. Thesis, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  90. L. R. Weisberg, J. Blanc: Phys. Rev. 131, 1548 (1963)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  91. B. Goldstein: Phys. Rev. 121, 1305 (1961)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  92. O. Madelung (ed.): Landolt-Börnstein, Vol. III/17A (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1982)

    Google Scholar 

  93. D. F. Nelson, R. C. Miller, D. A. Kleinman: Phys. Rev. B35, 1770 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  94. R. J. Nicholas, J. C. Portal, C. Houlbert, P. Perrier, T. P. Pearsall: Appl. Phys. Lett. 34, 492 (1979)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  95. T. P. Pearsall (ed.) GaInAsP Alloy Semiconductors (Wiley, Chichester 1982) pp. 295–312

    Google Scholar 

  96. K. Alavi, R. L. Aggrawal: Phys. Rev. B21, 1311 (1980)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  97. R. S. Bauer, G. Margaritondo: Phys. Today 40, 34 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Panish, M.B., Temkin, H. (1993). Optical Properties of Quantum Wells. In: Gas Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 26. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78127-8_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78127-8_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-78129-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-78127-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics