Skip to main content
Book cover

Konvens 92 pp 309–318Cite as

Finding Adequate Routes for the Generation of Route Descriptions

  • Conference paper
  • 54 Accesses

Part of the book series: Informatik aktuell ((INFORMAT))

Zusammenfassung

Bei dem Entwurf eines kognitiven Modells der Generierung von Wegbeschreibungen sieht man sich dem allgemeinen Problem gegenüber, wie nicht-sprachliches und sprachliches Wissen miteinander interagieren. Insbesondere ist das sogenannte Interdependenz-Problem zu behandeln: wie wird eine Route gefunden, die nicht nur die kürzest mögliche ist, sondern auch für die Verbalisierung geeignet? In diesem Papier soll eine Lösung des Problems aufgezeigt werden, die zwischen voll interagierender Interdependenz und nicht-interagierender Modularität angesiedelt ist. Die Existenz eines globalen Planers, der gleichzeitig räumliche und sprachliche Kriterien berücksichtigt, wird negiert. Stattdessen wird postuliert, daß konzeptuelles Routenwissen als Vermittler zwischen sensomotorischen und sprachlichen Repräsentationen fungiert.

Summary

In developing a cognitive model for the generation of route descriptions one is faced with the general problem of how linguistic and non-linguistic knowledge sources interact. Specifically, one has to handle the so-called interdependence problem: how is a route found that is not only the shortest possible but also adequate for verbalization? In this paper, a solution to the problem will be offered that lies between fully interacting interdependence and non-interacting modularity. The existence of a global planner which takes both spatial and linguistic criteria into consideration will be denied. Instead, it will be assumed that conceptual route knowledge serves as a mediator between sensorimotor and linguistic representations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Allen, G. L. (1981): “A developmental perspective on the effects of ‘subdividing’ macrospatial experience”. JEP: Human Learning and Memory 7, 120–132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, G. L./ Kirasic, K. C. (1985): “Effects of the Cognitive Organization of Route Knowledge on Judgments of Macrospatial Distance”. Memory and Cognition 13 (3), 218–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bierwisch, M. (1983): “Semantische und konzeptuelle Repräsentationen lexikalischer Einheiten”.In: R. Ruzicka/ W. Mötsch (Hrsg.):Untersuchungen zur Semantik. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag (Studia Grammatica 22). 61–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bierwisch, M./ Lang, E. (eds.)(1989): Dimensional Adjectives: Grammatical Structure and Conceptual Interpretation. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carstensen, K.-U. (1988): WebS — ein System zur Generierung von Wegbeschreibungen. LILOG-Memo 11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carstensen, K.-U. (1991): Aspekte der Generierung von Wegbeschreibungen. IWBS-Report 190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carstensen, K.-U. (1992): “Aspects of the Generation of Route Descriptions”. in preparation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carstensen, K.-U./ Simmons, G. (1991): “Why a hill can’t be a valley: Representing Gestalt and Position Properties of Objects with Object Schemata”. In: O. Herzog/ C.-R. Rollinger (eds.): Text Understanding in LILOG. Integrating Computational Linguistics and Artificial Intelligence. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 546, Springer-Verlag. 632–644.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chase, W.G. (1982): “Spatial Representations of Taxi Drivers”. In: D. R. Rogers/ J. A. Sloboda (eds.): Acquisition of Symbolic Skills. New York: Plenum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Downs, R./Stea, D. (1982): Kognitive Karten: Die Welt in unseren Köpfen. New York: Harper & Row, UTB.

    Google Scholar 

  • Golledge, R.G. (1986): “Environmental Cognition”, in: D. Stokols/F. Altman (eds.): Handbook of Environmental Psychology. Wiley. 131–174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Habel, C. (1987): Prozedurale Aspekte der Wegplanung und Wegbcschreibung. in: H. Schnelle/G. Rickheit (Hrsg.): Kognitive und neuronale Sprach-verarbeitung. Westdeutscher Verlag: Wiesbaden.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hart, R. A./ Moore, G. T. (1973): “The Development of Spatial Cognition: A Review”. In: R. M. Downs & D. Stea (eds.): Image and Environment. Chicago: Aldine. 246–288.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoeppner, W./ Carstensen, M./ Rhein, U. (1990): “Wegauskünfte: Die Interdependenz von Such- und Beschreibungsprozessen”. In: C. Freksa/ C. Habel (eds.): Repräsentation räumlichen Wissens. Berlin et al.: Springer. 221–234.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hovy, E. H. (1990): “Unresolved Issues in Paragraph Planning”. In: R. Dale / C. Mellish / M. Zock (eds.): Current Research in Natural Language Generation. 17–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, P. S. (1988): “Why Text Planning Isn’t Planning”. Proceedings of the AAAI Workshop on Text Planning and Realization. St. Paul, Minnesota. 39–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klein, W. (1979): “Wegauskünfte”. In: Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik 9. S. 9–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klein, W.(1982): “Local Deixis in Route Directions“. In: R. J. Jarvella/ W. Klein(eds.): Speech, Place, and Action. Wiley & Sons. S. 161–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuipers, B. J. (1978): “Modelling spatial knowledge”. Cognitive Science 2, 129–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuipers, B. J. (1982): “The ‘Map in the Head’ Metaphor”. Environment and Behaviour 14 (2), 202–220.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuipers, B. J. / Levitt, T. S. (1988): “Navigation and Mapping in Large-Scale Spaces”. AI Magazine 25–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lang, E. (1989): “The Semantics of Dimensional Designation of Spatial Objects”. In: M. Bierwisch/ E. Lang (eds.) (1989). 263–417.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lang, E. (1991): “Linguistische vs. konzeptuelle Aspekte der LILOG-Ontologie”. In: G. Klose, E. Lang, Th. Pirlein (Hrsg.): Die Ontotogie und Axiomatik der Wissensbasis von LEU/2. IWBS Report 171. I V.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lang, E./ Carstensen, K.-U. (1989): “OSKAR — ein PROLOG-Programm zur Repräsentation der Struktur und Verarbeitung räumlichen Wissens”. In: D. Metzing (ed.): GWAI-89. 13th German Workshop on Artiflcial Intelligence. Springer-Verlag. 234–243.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Lang, E./ Carstensen, K.-U./ Simmons, G. (1991): Modelling Spatial Knowledge on a Linguistic Basis: Theory — Prototype — Integration. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence. Vol. 481. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leiser, D. / Zilbershatz, A. (1989): “THE TRAVELLER: A Computational Model of Spatial Network Learning”. Environment and Behaviour 21 (4), 435–463).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levelt, W. J. M. (1989): Speaking: From Intention to Articulation. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maki, R. H. (1981): “Categorization and Distance Effects with Spatial Linear Orders”. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory 7, 15–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, David, D. (1983): “Natural Language Generation as a Computational Problem: an Introduction”. In: M. Brady/ R.C. Berwick (eds.),Computational Models of Discourse (Cambridge et al.:MIT Press), 209–265.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKeown, K. R. (1985): Text Generation: Using Discourse Strategies and Focus Constraints to Generate Natural Language Text. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Meier, J./ Metzing, D./ Polzin, T./ Ruhrberg, P./ Rutz, H./ Vollmer, M. (1988): “Gencrierung von Wegbeschreibungen”. KoLiBri Arbeitsbericht Nr. 9. DFG-Forschergruppe Kohärenz. Universität Bielefeld.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mellish, C. / Evans, R. (1989): “Natural Language Generation from Plans”. Computational Linguistics. 15 (4), 233–249.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meteer, M. W. (1990): “Abstract Linguistic Resources for Text Planning”. Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Natural Language Generation. 62–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moar, I./ Carleton, L.R. (1982): “Memory for Routes”. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 34 A, 381–394.

    Google Scholar 

  • Müller, S. (1989): “CITYGUIDE — Wegauskünfte aus dem Computer”. Sonderforschungsbereich 314 Künstliche Intelligenz-Wissensbasierte Systeme, Memo Nr. 37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pattabhiraman, T./ Cercone, N. (1990): “Selection: Salience, Relevance and the Coupling between Domain-Level Tasks and Text Planning”. Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Natural Language Generation. 79–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosch, E. (1978): “Principles of Categorization”. In: E. Rosch/ B. B. Lloyd (eds.): Cognition and Categorization. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Erlbaum. S. 27–48.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schopp, A. (1989): “Sprachliche und kognitive Konzepte für die Generierung von Wcgbeschreibungen”. Magisterarbeit. Universität Hamburg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. E./Medin, D. L. (1981): Categories and Concepts. Cambridge/Mass.: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stern, E. / Leiser, D. (1988): “Levels of Spatial Knowledge and Urban Travel Modeling”. Geographical Analysis 20 (2), 140–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thorndyke, P. W. / Hayes-Roth, B. (1982): “Differences in Spatial Knowledge Acquired from Maps and Navigation”. Cognitive Psychology 14, 560–582.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tversky, B. (1981): “Distortions in Memory for Maps”. Cognitive Psychology 13, 407–433.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wunderlich, D./ Reinelt, R. (1982): “How to get there from here”. In: RJ. Jarvella /W. Klein (eds.): Speech, Place and Action. Wiley & Sons. 183–201.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Carstensen, KU. (1992). Finding Adequate Routes for the Generation of Route Descriptions. In: Görz, G. (eds) Konvens 92. Informatik aktuell. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77809-4_32

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77809-4_32

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-55959-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-77809-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics