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Fluid and Electrolyte Transport in Human Colon in Health and Disease

  • Chapter
Ion Transport in Vertebrate Colon

Part of the book series: Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology ((COMPARATIVE,volume 16))

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Abstract

The human colon plays an important role in salt and water homoeostasis. In health, 1.5–21 of sodium- and chloride-rich small intestinal fluid enters the colon daily, but ~90% of this is absorbed (Phillips and Giller 1973; Debongnie and Phillips 1978). The colon also possesses a large reserve, absorptive capacity, and is capable of absorbing up to 51 of fluid per 24 h (Phillips and Giller 1973; Debongnie and Phillips 1978). Diarrhoea will ensue when this reserve capacity is overwhelmed (e.g., in patients with Asiatic cholera, where small intestinal fluid secretion is massive and acute), or when colonic mucosal disease is sufficiently severe and extensive to impair fluid and electrolyte transport processes in the colonic epithelium (e.g., in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease of the colon). Partial resection of the colon for localized disease may also result in a significant loss of absorptive capacity, particularly if the proximal (ascending) segment is removed.

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  1. Department of Medicine, University of Manchester School of Medicine, Hope Hospital, Salford, M6 8HD, UK

    Geoffrey I. Sandle

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  1. Institut für Tierphysiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Wartweg 95, W-6300, Giessen, Germany

    Wolfgang Clauss

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Sandle, G.I. (1993). Fluid and Electrolyte Transport in Human Colon in Health and Disease. In: Clauss, W. (eds) Ion Transport in Vertebrate Colon. Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology, vol 16. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77118-7_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77118-7_9

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