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Evolutionary Processes in Influenza Viruses: Divergence, Rapid Evolution, and Stasis

  • Chapter
Genetic Diversity of RNA Viruses

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 176))

Abstract

Interspecies transmissions combined with isolation of host species contribute to the evolutionary divergence of viruses because of the separation of host-specific virus gene pools. Barriers to frequent interspecies transmissions maintain the separation of progeny and parent virus gene pools and allow independent evolution of host-specific strains. These barriers may be in the form of infrequent likelihood of transmission because of different ecologies of host species, a lack of infectivity of the virus in new hosts, or interference from established viruses mediated by host immunity. Partitioning of avian influenza virus gene pools can result from geographic separation of waterfowl populations by separation of flyways and breeding and overwintering grounds. This mechanism has been suggested for the divergence of H4 hemagglutinin lineages in avian viruses (Donis et al. 1989). The subdivision of host populations provides a great deal of heterogeneity to virus populations and enhances the maintainence of a large number of virus subtypes.

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Author notes

  1. O. T. Gorman

    Present address: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 835 E. David Drive, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 332 North Lauderdale, P. O. Box 318, Memphis, Tennessee, 38101, USA

    O. T. Gorman, W. J. Bean & R. G. Webster

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  1. O. T. Gorman
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  2. W. J. Bean
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  3. R. G. Webster
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  1. Department of Biology, C-016, University of California, 92093, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    John J. Holland Ph.D. (Professor of Biology and Molecular Genetics) (Professor of Biology and Molecular Genetics)

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© 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg

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Gorman, O.T., Bean, W.J., Webster, R.G. (1992). Evolutionary Processes in Influenza Viruses: Divergence, Rapid Evolution, and Stasis. In: Holland, J.J. (eds) Genetic Diversity of RNA Viruses. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 176. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77011-1_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77011-1_6

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