Abstract
Pollution in marine coastal areas is considered from point and non-point land-based sources, such as rivers, drainage ditches, submarine outfalls and coastal cities. Various uncertainties in physical, hydrodynamic, chemical and biological characteristics of the marine environment influence the engineering design of wastewater treatment plants and marine disposal strategies. This is formulated as a problem of assessing the engineering risk, to meet the environmental quality standards.
The probability of the fate of pollutants in coastal areas with randomly varying currents is studied using two methods (a) a direct simulation based on time series of the recorded currents and (b) a random walk modelling of the dispersion and decay processes.
The methodology is illustrated for the design of the optimum sewage treatment and disposal scheme in the bay of Thessaloniki, where currents and water quality characteristics have been monitored during the period 1984-90.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Baines, W.D., Knapp, D.J.(1965), Wind driven water currents, J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, HY2, pp.205–221
Ben Amor, H., De Laat, J.et Dore, M. (1990). Oxydationd’ un acide humique aquatique par le bioxyde de chlore. Revue des Sciences de l’ Eau, 3:83–105
Brooks, N.H. (1960), “Diffusion of sewage effluents in an ocean current”. Waste disposal in the marine environment. Pergamon Press
Churchill, J.H., Csanady, G.T. (1982), “Nearsurface measurements of quasi-lagrangian velocities in open water”. J. Physical Oceanography.
Council of European Communities (1979), Directive 76/923/EEC on the quality required of shellfish waters. Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L281/4
Csanady, G.T. (1983), Dispersion by Randomly Varying Currents. Fluid Mech., 132: 375–394
Fischer, H.H., List J., Koh R., Imberger J. and Brooks, N. (1979). Mixing in Inland and Coastal Waters. Academic Press
Ganoulis, J. and J. Krestenitis (1982), Choix du site optimum d’ évacuation des eaux usées dans une région côtiére. XVII émes Journées de V Hydraulique, SHF, Nantes
Ganoulis, J. and J. Krestenitis (1984), Modélisation numérique du transport côtier des polluants en Méditerranée, XVIII émes Journées de V Hydraulique, SHF Marseille
Ganoulis, J. (1987). Pollutant Dispersion in Oceans In: Disorder and Mixing, Guyon E. et al. (Eds.), Kluwer Academic
Ganoulis, J. (1988a), Integrated studies against pollution in the Mediterranean: the case of the Thessaloniki Bay. 2e National Symp. of Oceanography and Fisheries, Athens and Technica 30, 34 (in Greek)
Ganoulis, J.(1988b), Modelling the sewage assimilative capacity of coastal waters in the Mediterranean. Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Medit., 31 (2), 321
Ganoulis, J.(1989). Marine pollution assessment from wasterwater discharges. Proc. IAHR Congress, D.123–129, Ottawa
Ganoulis, J. (1990). Environmental Impacts from sewage works in the Bay of Thessaloniki. Reports to the Ministry of Environment and Public Works (in Greek)
Quetin, B. et De Rouville, M. (1986). Submarine Sewer Outfalls-A Design Manual. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 17, No. 4
Krestenitis, J. and J. Ganoulis (1987), Forecasting coastal currents using curvilinear coordinates. Technica Chronica, A 7(4), 33
Krestenitis, J. (1987). Numerical study of three-dimensional circulation using coordinate transformations. PhD. Thesis, AUT (in Greek)
Larsen, T. (1983). Sea Outfall Design Based on a Stochastic Transport/Dispersion Model. Symp. on Modelling of Environmental Flows, ASME and ASCE, Bosto
Roberts, P.J.W. (1989), Dilution and Transport Predictions for Ocean Outfalls, Wat. Sci. Tech. 21, Brighton:969–979
Tayfun, M.A.(1973), “Monte Carlo simulations of Oil slick movements”. J. of Waterways, Harbors and Coastal Eng. DivASCE, Vol. 99, No. WW3
Taylor, G.I. (1921). Diffusion by Continuous Movements. Proc. London Math. Soc. Ser. A 20: 196–211
WHO/UNEP (1985). Guidelines for the computations concerning marine outfall systems for liquid effluents, Athens
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ganoulis, J. (1991). Risk in Coastal Pollution. In: Ganoulis, J. (eds) Water Resources Engineering Risk Assessment. NATO ASI Series, vol 29. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76971-9_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76971-9_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-76973-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-76971-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive