Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
SpringerLink
Log in

Magnetized Disk-Winds and the Origin of Bipolar Outflows

  • Conference paper
Accretion and Winds

Part of the book series: Reviews in Modern Astronomy ((MOD.ASTRONOMY,volume 3))

Summary

Interstellar magnetic fields play certainly a distinct role in star formation and in galactic molecular disks. These magnetic fields are, however, also a key ingredient for accretion disks around young stellar objects and in the nuclei of galaxies. In these objects we find a strong observational link between accretion disks and bipolar outflows in the form of winds and jets.

In turbulent disks, the magnetic fields evolve according to the induction equation of mean field electrodynamics. In case of axisymmetric configurations, this leads to a coupled system of partial differential equations for the poloidal magnetic flux and the toroidal magnetic field including the effects of advection, spatial diffusion, differential rotation and helicity of the turbulence. In geometrically thin accretion disks, the lowest axisymmetric dynamo mode which can grow exponentially imtil equipartition with turbidence, is the quadrupolar field. Dipolar fields are found to decay exponentially.

The magnetic fields exterior to the disk have the structure of a rotating force-free magnetosphere. The shape of the poloidal field lines follows here from the solution of the relativistic Grad-Schlüter-Shafranov equation. The velocity and density in open magnetospheres is then essentially determined by the structure of the magnetic flux tubes. The luminosity of the wind is given by the magnetic luminosity of the disk surface. Magnetized winds ejected from the surface of the disk will be collimated by magnetic effects on scales typically larger than the light cylinder radius for these objects. The VLBI-jets of Quasars have therefore a radius of a fraction of a light year and reach a highly relativistic motion due to the extremely strong magnetization in the corona of the accretion disk. Protostellar jets have moderate velocities and jet radii of a few hundred AU.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abramowicz, M.A., Zurek, W.H.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 246, 314

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Alloin, D., Boisson, C., Pelat, D.: 1987, Astron. Astrophys. 200, 17

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Antonucci, R.R.J., Miller, J.S.: 1985, Astrophys. J. 297, 621

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Appenzeller, I.: 1989, in Modeling the Stellar Environment, ed. P. Delache (Editions Frontières, Paris), p. 47

    Google Scholar 

  • Appenzeller, I., Mundt, R.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. Review 1, 291

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Appl, S.: 1990, Ph. D. thesis, University of Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Barthel, P.: 1989, Astrophys. J. 336, 606

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Beckwith, S.V.W., Sargent, A.I., Chini, R., Güsten, R.: 1990, Astron. J. 99, 924

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Benford, G.: 1978, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 183, 29

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Benford, G.: 1987, in Astrophysical Jets and their Engines, ed. W. Kundt, NATO Advanced Science Institute 208, Reidel (Dordrecht), p. 197

    Google Scholar 

  • Bertout, C.: 1989, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 27, 351

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Biretta, J.A., Moore, R.L., Cohen, M.H.: 1986, Astrophys. J. 308, 93

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Blandford, R.D.: 1989, in Theory of Accretion Disks, eds. F. Meyer, W.J. Duschl, J. Frank and E. Meyer-Hofmeister, Kluwer (Dordrecht), p. 35

    Google Scholar 

  • Blandford, R.D., Payne, D.G.: 1982, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 199, 883

    ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Brandenburg, A., Tuominen, I., Krause, F.: 1990, Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. 50, 95

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Breuer, R.A.: 1975, Lecture Notes in Physics (Springer, Berlin) 44

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridle, A.H., Perley, R.: 1984, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 22, 319

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Camenzind, M.: 1986a, Astron. Astrophys. 156, 137

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Camenzind, M.: 1986b, Astron. Astrophys. 162, 32

    ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Camenzind, M.: 1987a, Astron. Astrophys. 184, 341

    ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Camenzind, M.: 1987b, in Interstellar Magnetic Fields, eds. R. Beck and R. Grave, Springer (Berlin), p. 229

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Camenzind, M.: 1988, in High Energy Astrophysics, ed. G. Börner, Springer Proceedings, Springer (Berlin), p. 118

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Camenzind, M.: 1989a, in Theory of Accretion Disks, eds. F. Meyer, W.J. Duschl, J. Frank and E. Meyer-Hofmeister, Kluwer (Dordrecht), p. 59

    Google Scholar 

  • Camenzind, M.: 1989b, in Accretion Disks and Magnetic Fields in Astrophysics, ed. G. Belvedere, Kluwer (Dordrecht), p. 129

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Camenzind, M.: 1990a, in IAU Symp. HO: Galactic and Intergalactic Magnetic Fields, eds. R. Beck, P.P. Kronberg, R. Wielebinski, Reidel (Dordrecht), p. 413

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Camenzind, M.: 1990b, Habilitation, Univ. Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Camenzind, M.: 1990c, in preparation

    Google Scholar 

  • Camenzind, M., Endler, M.: 1990, in preparation

    Google Scholar 

  • Camenzind, M., Lesch, H.: 1990, in preparation

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, K.L., Henriksen, R.N.: 1982, Astrophys. J. 241, 534

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, K., Halpern, J.P., Füippenko, A.V.: 1989, Astrophys, J. 339, 742

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, M.H., Zensus, J.A., Biretta, J.A., Comoretto, G., Kaufmann, P., Abraham, Z.: 1987, Astrophys. J., 315, L89

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Collin-Souffrin, S.: 1987, Astron. Astrophys, 170, 60

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Coroniti, F.V.: 1985, in Unsteady Current Systems in Astrophysics, IAU Symp. 107, eds. M.R. Kundu and G.D. Holman, Reidel (Dordrecht), p. 453

    Google Scholar 

  • Courvoisier, T.J.-L., Camenzind, M.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 224, 10

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Draine, B.T.: 1983, Astrophys. J. 270, 519

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, S., Cabrit, S., Ghandour, L.O., Strom, S.E.: 1989, in ESO Workshop on Low Mass Star Formation and Pre-Main Sequence Objects, ed. Bo Reipurth, ESO Proceedings 33, 385

    Google Scholar 

  • Elvis, M., Lawrence, A.: 1988, Astrophys. J. 331, 161

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Fukui, Y.: 1989, in ESO Workshop on Low Mass Star Formation and Pre-Main Sequence Objects, ed. Bo Reipurth, ESO Proceedings 33, 95

    Google Scholar 

  • Haehnelt, M., Camenzind, M.: 1990, in preparation

    Google Scholar 

  • Halpern, J.P., Filippenko, A.V.: 1988, Nature 331, 46

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann, L., Stauffer, J.R.: 1989, Astron. J. 97, 873

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann, L., MacGregor, K.B.: 1982, Astrophys. J. 250, 180

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hessman, F.V., Eislöffel, J., Mundt, R., Hartmann, L., Herbst, W., Krautter, J.: 1990, submitted toAstrophys. J.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heyvaerts, J., Norman, C.A.: 1989, Astrophys. J. 347, 1055

    Google Scholar 

  • Heyvaerts, J., Priest, E.R.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 216, 230

    ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Kawara, K., Nishida, M., Gregory, B.: 1990, Astrophys. J. 352, 433

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Khanna, R., Camenzind, M.: 1990, in preparation

    Google Scholar 

  • Kley, W.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 208, 98

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kley, W.; 1990, this volume

    Google Scholar 

  • Konigl, A.: 1990, Astrophys. J. 342, 208

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kössl, D., Müller, E., Hillebrandt, W.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 220, 378

    Google Scholar 

  • Koyama, K.: 1989, in IAU Symposium 134, Active Galactic Nuclei, eds. D.E. Osterbrock and J.S. Miller, Kluwer (Dordrecht), p. 167

    Google Scholar 

  • Krause, F., Meinel, R., Elstner, D., Rüdiger, G.: 1990, in IAU Symp. 140: Galactic and Intergalactic Magnetic Fields, eds. R. Beck, P.P. Kronberg, R. Wielebinski, Reidel (Dordrecht), p. 97

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Krause, F., Rädler, K.-H.: 1980, Mean Field Magnetohydrodynamics and Dynamo Theory, Pergamon Press (Oxford)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Krichbaum, T.P. et al.: 1990, MPIfR preprint, submitted toAstron. Astrophys.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krolik, J.H., Begelman, M.C.: 1988, Astrophys. J. 320, 702

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lada, C.J.: 1985, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 23, 267

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lamb, F.K.: 1989, in Timing Neutron Stars, eds. H. Ögelman and E.P.J. van den Heuvel, Kluwer (Dordrecht), p. 649

    Google Scholar 

  • Laor, A., Netzer, H.: 1989, Mon. Not. Roy. astron. Soc. 238, 897; 242, 560

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lesch, H., Appi, S., Camenzind, M.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 225, 341

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lind, K.R., Payne, D.G., Meier, D.L., Blandford, R.D.: 1989, Astrophys. J. 344, 89

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lovelace, R.V.E., Wang, J.C.L., Sulkanen, M.E.: 1987, Astrophys. J. 315, 504

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Malkan, M.: 1989, in Theory of Accretion Disks, eds. F. Meyer, W.J. Duschl, J. Frank and E. Meyer-Hofmeister, Kluwer (Dordrecht), p. 19

    Google Scholar 

  • Matsumoto, R., Horiuchi, T., Hanawa, T., Shibata, K.: 1990, Astrophys. J. 356, 259

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Michel, F.C.: 1969, Astrophys. J. 157, 1183

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Michel, F.C.: 1982, Rev. Mod. Phys. 54, 1

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Moffatt, H.K.; 1978, Magnetic Field Generation in Electrically Conducting Fluids, Cambridge Univ. Press (Cambridge)

    Google Scholar 

  • Montmerle, T., André, P.: 1988, in Formation and Evolution of Low Mass Stars, eds. A.K. Dupree and M.T.V.T. Lago (Kluwer, Dordrecht), p. 225

    Google Scholar 

  • Mundt, R.: 1988, in Formation and Evolution of Low Mass Stars, eds. A.K. Dupree and M.T.V. Lago (Kluwer, Dordrecht), p. 257

    Google Scholar 

  • Mundt, R., Brugel, E.W., Bührke, T.: 1987, Astrophys. J. 310, 275

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mundt, R., Ray, T.P., Bührke, T., Raga, A.C., Solf, J.; 1990, Astron, Astrophys. 232, 37

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Parker, E.N.: 1971, Asirophys. J. 163, 255

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Perley, R.: 1989, in Hot Spots in Extragalactic Radio Sources, eds. K. Meisenheimer and H.-J. Roser, Lecture Notes in Physics (Springer, Berlin) 327, 1

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Poetzel, R., Mundt, R., Ray, T.P.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 224, L13

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Porcas, R.W.: 1987, in Superluminal Radio Sources, Eds. J.A. Zensus and T.J. Pearson, Cambridge University Press (Cambridge), p. 12

    Google Scholar 

  • Pringle, J.: 1989, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 236, 107

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Pudritz, R.E.: 1981, Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 195, 881; 897

    ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Pudritz, R.: 1989, in Galactic and Extragalactic Star Formation, eds. R.E. Pudritz and M. Fich (Kluwer, Dordrecht), p. 135

    Google Scholar 

  • Pudritz, R.E., Norman, C.A.: 1983, Astrophys. J. 274, 677

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Pudritz, R.E., Norman, C.A.: 1986, Astrophys. J. 301, 571

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Rüdiger, G.: 1990, Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dynamics 50, 53

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruzmaikin, A.A., Shukurov, A.M., Sokoloff, D.D.: 1988, Magnetic Fields of Galaxies, Kluwer (Dordrecht)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Sakurai, T.: 1985, Astron. Astrophys. 152, 121

    ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Sakurai, T.: 1987, Publ, astron. Soc. Japan 39, 821

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, D.B., Phinney, E.S., Neugebauer, G., Soifer, B.T., Matthews, K.: 1989, Astrophys. J. 347, 29

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Scharleman, E.T., Wagoner, R.V.: 1973, Astrophys. J. 182, 951

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Shakura, N.L, Sunyaev, R.A.: 1973, Astron. Astrophys. 24, 337

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Shibata, K., Tajima, T., Matsumoto, R., Horiuchi, T., Hanawa, T., Rosner, R., Uchida, Y.: 1989, Asirophys. J. 338, 471

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Shu, F.H., Lizano, S., Adams, F.C.: 1987, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 25, 23

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Shu, F.H., Lizano, S., Ruden, S.P., Najita, L.: 1988, Asirophys. J. Letters 328, L19

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Stirpe, G.M., deBruyn, A.G., von Groningen, E.: 1988, Astron. Asirophys. 200, 9

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Straumann, N.: 1986, General Relativity and Relativistic Astrophysics, Texts and Monographs in Physics, Springer (Berlin)

    Google Scholar 

  • Strom, S.E., Strom, K.M., Edwards, S.: 1988, in Proc. ÑATO Advanced Study Institute on Galactic and Extragalactic Star Formation, eds. R.E. Pudritz and M. Fich (Kluwer, Dordrecht), p. 53

    Google Scholar 

  • Sun, W.-H., Malkan, M.: 1989, Astrophys. J. 346, 68

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Tylenda, R.: 1981, Acta Astron. 31, 267

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ulrich, M.-H.: 1989, in Theory of Accretion Disks, eds. F. Meyer, W.J. Duschl, J. Frank and E. Meyer-Hofmeister, Kluwer (Dordrecht), p. 3

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, R.C., Benson, J.M., Unwin, S.C.: 1987, Astrophys. J. 316, 546

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zel’dovich, Ya.B., Ruzmaikin, A.A., Sokoloff, D.D.: 1983, Magnetic Fields in Astrophysics, Pergamon Press (Oxford)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zensus, J.A.: 1989, in BL Lac Objects, eds. L. Maraschi, T. Maccacaro, M.-H. Ulrich, Lecture Notes in Physics (Springer, Berlin) 334, 3

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Landessternwarte Königstuhl, D-6900, Heidelberg, Fed. Rep. of Germany

    M. Camenzind

Authors
  1. M. Camenzind
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Landessternwarte, Königstuhl, D-6900, Heidelberg 1, Fed. Rep. of Germany

    Gerhard Klare

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Camenzind, M. (1990). Magnetized Disk-Winds and the Origin of Bipolar Outflows. In: Klare, G. (eds) Accretion and Winds. Reviews in Modern Astronomy, vol 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76238-3_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76238-3_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-76240-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-76238-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation