Abstract
A hydrothermal fluid is defined as a hot (ca. 50 — >500 °C), aqueous solution (hydro = water; thermal = hot), containing Na, K, Ca, Cl as major components, as well as many other elements (e.g. Mg, B, S, Sr, CO2, H2S, NH4, Cu, Pb, Zn, Sn, Mo, Ag, Au etc.) as minor constituents (Skinner 1979). The terms fluid and solution are here used interchangeably, although fluid in the strict sense refers to a phase at a supercritical temperature in which a liquid can no longer exist. The pressure required to cause condensation at a given critical temperature is called the critical pressure. There are certain known conditions in nature where a hydrothermal solution is in fact a fluid.
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Pirajno, F. (1992). Hydrothermal Solutions. In: Hydrothermal Mineral Deposits. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75671-9_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75671-9_3
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