Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Sediments and Environmental Geochemistry pp 291–310Cite as

Interactions of Naturally Occurring Aqueous Solutions with the Lower Toarcian Oil Shale of South Germany

  • Chapter

  • 395 Accesses

Abstract

An oil shale sample of the bituminous Lower Toarcian from South Germany was leached, after different thermal pretreatment, with solutions displaying pH values ranging from 3 to 9. Reactions to the extraction of bulk trace heavy metals dependent on time for water to rock interaction, pH of leaching solutions, solution: solid ratio, and pretreatment of the shale are reported here.

ICP-MS analysis both of bulk rock samples and of extracted fractions permitted the detection of the full trace element spectra below the ng/ml (ppb) range. The ultimate goal of this study was to increase knowledge on the concentration and speciation of trace heavy metals in black shales and, thus, to contribute to better environmental protection.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Brumsack HJ, Thurow J (1986) The geochemical fades of black shales from the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary event (CTBE). Mitt Geol Paläontol Inst Univ Hamburg 60:247–265, 4 figs, 7 tables

    Google Scholar 

  • Einsele G, Mosebach R (1955) Zur Petrographie, Fossilerhaltung und Entstehung der Gesteine des Posidonienschiefers im Schwäbischen Jura. N Jahrb Geol Paläontol Abh 101:319–430, 5 plates

    Google Scholar 

  • Fesser H (1968) Zur Geochemie des Posidonienschiefers in Nordwestdeutschland. Beih Geol Jahrb 58:223–286, 17 figs, 9 tables

    Google Scholar 

  • von Gaertner HR (1955) Petrographische Untersuchungen am Nordwestdeutschen Posidonienschiefer. Geol Rundsch 43:447–463, 2 figs, 1 plate

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hock B, Elstner EF (1988) Schadwirkungen auf pflanzen. Lehrbuch der Pflanzentoxikologie, 2nd edn. B.I. Wissenschaftsverlag Mannheim-Vienna-Zürich, 348 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann K (1966) Die Stratigraphie und Paläogeographie der biuminösen Fazies des nordwestdeutschen Oberlias (Toarcium). Beih Geol Jahrb 58:443–498, 4 figs, 1 table, 3 plates

    Google Scholar 

  • Joachim H (1970) Geochemische, sedimentologische und ökologische Untersuchungen im Grenzbereich Lias delta/epsilon (Domerium/Toarcium) des Schwäbischen Jura. Arb Geol Paläontol Inst, Univ Stuttgart (TH), N F 61, 243 pp, 36 figs, 11 tables, 14 plates, 7 photographs

    Google Scholar 

  • Kauffman EG (1981) Ecological reappraisal of the German Posidonienschiefer (Toarcian) and the stagnant basin model. In: Gray, Boucot AJ, Berry WBN (eds) Communities of the past. Hutchinson Ross Stroudsburg, PA, pp 311–381, 19 figs

    Google Scholar 

  • Knapp G (1985) Sample preparation techniques — an important part in trace element analysis for environmental research and monitoring. Int J Environ Anal Chem 22:71–83, 9 figs, 1 table

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kramar U, Puchelt H (1982) Reproducibility test for INAA determinations with AGV-1, BCR-1, and GSP-1 and new data for 17 geochemical reference materials. Geostand Newslett 6, 2:221–227, 3 figs, 5 tables

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Küspert W (1982) Environmental changes during oil shale deposition as deduced from stable isotope ratios. In: Einsele G, Seilacher A (eds) Cyclic and event stratification. Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 482–501, 5 figs

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Mann U (1987) Veränderungen von Porosität und Porengrösse eines Erdölmuttergesteins in Annäherung an einen Intrusivkörper. Facies 17:181–188, 4 figs, 3 tables

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Merian E (1984) Metalle in der Umwelt. Verteilung, Analytik und biologische Relevanz. Chemie, Weinheim, 722 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Nadler HG, Borchers P (1987) Gewinnung von Rhenium aus den Röstgasen der Molybdänit-Abröstung. Erzmetall 40, 6:293–298, 9 figs, 2 tables

    Google Scholar 

  • Nöltner T, Maisenbacher P, Puchelt H (1989) Microwave acid digestion of geological and biological reference standard materials for trace element analyses with ICP-MS. Spectrosc Int (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Puchelt H, Nöltner T (1987) Interaction of aqueous solutions with bituminous shales — implications of inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometry. ICP Inf Newslett 13:139–140

    Google Scholar 

  • Puchelt H, Nöltner T (1988) Zur Stabilität hochverdünnter Multielement-Eichstandardlösungen — Erfahrungen mit ICP-MS. Fresenius Z Anal Chem 331:216–219, 4 figs, 3 tables

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Puchelt H, Nöltner T (1989) ICP-MS analyses of geological materials. VG Elemental, Tech Inf Winsford

    Google Scholar 

  • Quentin KE (1988) Trinkwasser. Untersuchung und Beurteilung von Trink- und Schwimmbadwasser. Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York London Paris Tokyo 385 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Rieber H (1975) Der Posidonienschiefer (oberer Lias) von Holzmaden und die Grenzbitumenzone (mittlere Trias) des Monte San Giorgo (Kt. Tessin, Schweiz). Ein Vergleich zweier Lagerstätten fossiler Wirbeltiere. Jahresh Ges Naturk Württemberg 130:163–190, 8 figs, 1 table

    Google Scholar 

  • Riegraf W (1985) Mikrofauna, Biostratigraphie und Fazies im Unteren Toarcium Südwestdeutschlands und Vergleiche mit benachbarten Gebieten. Tübinger Mikropaläontol Mitt 3:232 pp, 33 figs, 12 plates

    Google Scholar 

  • Riegraf W, Werner G, Lörcher F (1984) Der Posidonienschiefer. Biostratigraphie, Fauna und Fazies des südwestdeutschen Untertoarciums (Lias epsilon). Enke, Stuttgart 207 pp, 50 figs, 12 plates

    Google Scholar 

  • Rullkötter J, Leythaeuser D, Harsfield B, Littke R, Mann U, Müller PJ, Radke M, Schaefer RG, Schenk H-J, Schwochau K, Witte EG, Weite DH (1987) Organic matter maturation under the influence of a deep intrusive heat source: A natural experiment for quantification of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion from a petroleum source rock (Toarcian shale, northern Germany). — Advances in Organic Geochemistry 1987, Org. Geochem., 13, 847–856, 4 figs, 3 tables; Oxford

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seilacher A (1982) Posidonia shales (Toarcian, S. Germany) — stagnant basin model revalidated. In: Montanaro-Gallitelli E (ed) Palaeontology, essential of historical geology. Proc 1st Int Meet Palaeontology, essential of historical geology, Venice, June 2–4, 1981. Mucci Modena, pp 25–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Vine JD, Tourtelot EB (1970) Geochemistry of black shale deposits — a summary report. Econ Geol 65:253–272, 3 figs, 7 tables

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walk H (1982) Die Gehalte der Schwermetalle Cd, Tl, Pb, Bi und weiterer Spurenelemente in natürlichen Böden und ihren Ausgangsgesteinen Südwestdeutschlands. Diss Fak Bio Geowiss, Univ Karlsruhe, 170pp, 41 figs, 42 tables

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Petrography and Geochemistry, University of Karlsruhe, Kaiserstr. 12, D-7500, Karlsruhe, Germany

    T. Nöltner

Authors
  1. H. Puchelt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. T. Nöltner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Sedimentforschung, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 236, D-6900, Heidelberg, Germany

    Dietrich Heling

  2. Lehrstuhl für Geologie, Universität Mannheim, Postfach 10 34 62, D-6800, Mannheim 1, Germany

    Peter Rothe

  3. Arbeitsbereich Umweltschutztechnik, TU Hamburg-Harburg, Eißendorfer Str. 40, D-2100, Hamburg 90, Germany

    Ulrich Förstner

  4. Geologisch-Paläontologisches Institut, Universität Kiel, Ludwig-Meyn-Str. 10, D-2300, Kiel 1, Germany

    Peter Stoffers

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Puchelt, H., Nöltner, T. (1990). Interactions of Naturally Occurring Aqueous Solutions with the Lower Toarcian Oil Shale of South Germany. In: Heling, D., Rothe, P., Förstner, U., Stoffers, P. (eds) Sediments and Environmental Geochemistry. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75097-7_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75097-7_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-75099-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-75097-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation