Abstract
The serology of capsular antigens will primarily be understood by the present authors as the principles that determine the use of immunologic reactions for the detection of capsular antigens, and the application of such reactions for the identification and subdivision of bacteria. Other aspects of the biology of bacterial capsules will be covered in other chapters of this volume.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abe C, Schmitz S, Jann B, Jann K (1988) Monoclonal antibodies against O and K antigens of uro- pathogenic Escherichia coli O4:K12:H- as opsonins. FEMS Microbiol Lett 51: 153–158
Achtman M, Pluschke G (1986) Clonal analysis of descent and virulence among selected Escherichia coli. Annu Rev Microbiol 40: 185–210
Achtman M, Mercer A, Kusecek B, Pohl A, Heuzenroeder M, Aaronson W, Sutton A, Silver RP (1983) Six widespread clones among Escherichia coli isolates. Infect Immun 39: 315–335
Adlam C, Knights JM, Mugridge A, Lindon JC, Williams JM, Beesley JE (1985) Purification, characterization and immunological properties of the capsular polysaccharide of Pasteurella haemolytica serotype T15: its identity with the K62 (K2ab) capsule polysaccharide of Escherichia coli and the capsular polysaccharide of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup H. J Gen Microbiol 131: 1963 to 1972
Allan I, Loeb MR, Moxon ER (1987) Limited genetic diversity of Haemophilus influenzae (type b). Microbiol Pathogen 2: 139–145
Anhalt JP, Yu PKW (1975) Counterimmunoelectrophoresis of pneumococcal antigens : improved sensitivity for the detection of types VII and XIV. J Clin Microbiol 2: 510–515
Austrian R (1973) Cross-reactions between pneumococcal and streptococcal polysaccharides. In: Robbins JB, Horton RE, Krause RM (eds) New approaches for inducing natural immunity to pyogenic organisms. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Washington, pp 39–44 (DHEW publication no (NIH) 74–553)
Austrian R (1976) The quellung reaction, a neglected microbiological technique. Mt Sinai J Med (N4) 43: 669–709
Bayer ME, Thurow H (1977) Polysaccharide capsules of Escherichia coli : microscope study of its size, structure and sites of synthesis. J Bacteriol 130: 911–936
Bitter-Suermann D, Görgen I, Frosch M (1986) Monoclonal antibodies to weak immunogenic Escherichia coli and meningococcal polysaccharides. In : Normark S (ed) Protein carbohydrate interactions in biological systems. Academic, London
Bradshaw MW, Schneerson R, Parke JC, Robbins JB (1971) Bacterial antigens cross-reactive with the capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae type b. Lancet 1: 1095–1096
Carter GR (1962) Animal serotypes of Pasteurella multocida from human infections. Can J Public Health 53: 158–164
Carter GR (1981) The genus Pasteurella. In: Starr MP, Stolp H, Triiper HG, Balows A, Schlegel HG (eds) The prokaryotes, vol 2. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Caugant DA, Levin BR, Ørskov I, Ørskov F, Eden CS, Selander RK (1985) Genetic diversity in relation to serotype in Escherichia coli. Infect Immun 49: 407–413
Caugant DA, Frøholm LO, Bøvre K, Holten E, Frasch CE, Mocca LF, Zollinger WD, Selander RK (1986) Intercontinental spread of genetically distinctive complex of clones of Neisseria meningitidis causing epidemic disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 4927–4931
Danielson D, Kaijser B, Olcén P (1979) Rapid typing of Escherichia coli K1 containing bacteria using the co-agglutination technique. FEMS Microbiol Lett 5: 123–126
Doyle RJ, Keller KF, Ezzell JW (1985) Bacillus. In: Lennette EH, Balows A, Hausier WJ, Shadomy HJ (eds) Manual of clinical microbiology, 4th edn. American Society for Microbiology, Washington
Duguid JP (1951) The demonstration of bacterial capsules and slime. J Pathol Bacteriol 63: 673–685
Echarti C, Hirschel B, Boulnois GJ, Varley JM, Waldvogel F, Timmis KN (1983) Cloning and analysis of the K1 capsule biosynthesis genes of Escherichia coli : lack of homology with Neisseria meningitidis group B DNA sequences. Infect Immun 41: 54–60
Edmondson AS, Cooke EM (1979) The production of antisera to the Klebsiella capsular antigens. J Appl Bacteriol 46: 579–584
Ewing WH (1986) Edwards and Ewing’s identification of Enterobacteriaceae, 4th edn. Elsevier, New York
Ewing WH, Davis BR, Reaves RW (1959) Studies on the Serratia group. CDC, Atlanta
Felix A, Bhatnagar SS, Pitt RM (1934) Observations on the properties of the Vi antigen of B. typhosus. Br J Exp Pathol 15: 346–354
Fournier JM, Bouvet A, Boutonnier A, Audorier A, Goldstein F, Pierre J, Bure A, et al. (1987) Predominance of capsular polysaccharide type 5 among oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol 25: 1932–1933
Frosch M, Görgen I, Boulnois GJ, Timmis KN, Bitter-Suermann D (1985) NZB mouse system for production of monoclonal antibodies to weak bacterial antigens : isolation of an IgG antibody to the Dolysaccharide capsules Escherichia coli K1 and group B meningococci. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82: 1194–1198
Frosch M, Roberts I, Görgen I, Metzger S, Boulnois GJ, Bitter-Suermann D (1987) Serotyping and genotyping of encapsulated Escherichia coli K1 sepsis isolates with a monoclonal IgG anti K1 antibody and K1 gene probes. Microb Pathogen 2: 319–326
Fung JC, Tilton RC (1985) Detection of bacterial antigens by counter Immunoelectrophoresis, coagglutination and latex agglutination. In: Lennette EH, Balows A, Hausier WJ, Shadomy HJ (eds) Manual of clinical microbiology, 4th edn. American Society for Microbiology, Washington
Goebel WF (1963) Colanic acid. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 49: 464–471
Goldman RC, White D, Ørskov F, Ørskov I, Rick PD, Lewis MS, Bhattacharjee A, Leive L (1982) A surface polysaccharide of Escherichia coli 0111 contains 0 antigen and inhibits agglutination of cells by 0 serum. J Bacteriol 151: 1210–1221
Goldman RE, Joiner K, Leive L (1984) Serum-resistant mutants of Escherichia coli 0111 contain increased lipopolysaccharide, lack an 0 antigen-contammg capsule and cover more of their lipid A core with 0 antigen. J Bacteriol 159: 877–882
Grados O, Ewing WH (1970) Antigenic relationships between Escherichia coli and Neisseria meningitidis group B. J Infect Dis 122: 100–103
Gross RJ, Cheasty T, Rowe B (1977) Isolation of bacteriophages specific for the K1 polysaccharide antigen of Escherichia coll. J Clin Microbiol 6: 548–550
Guirguis NR, Schneerson R, Bax A, Egan W, Robbins JB, Shiloach J, Ørskov I, et al. (1985) Escherichia coli K51 and K93 capsular polysaccharides are cross-reactive with group A capsular polysaccharide of Neisseria meningitidis. J Exp Med 162: 1837–1851
Gupta DS, Jann B, Schmidt G, Golecki JR, Ørskov I, Ørskov F, Jann K (1982) Coliphage K5, specific for E. coli exhibiting the capsular K5 antigen. FEMS Microbiol Lett 14: 75–78
Heidelberger K, Jann B, Jann K, Ørskov F, Ørskov I (1968) Relations between structures of three K polysaccharides of Escherichia coli and cross-reactivity in anti-pneumococcal sera. J Bacteriol 95: 2415–2417
Heidelberger M, Nimmich W, Eriksen J, Dutton GGS, Stirm S, Fang CT (1975) Cross-reactions of Klebsiella. Immunochemical relationships indicated by cross-reactions in anti-pneumococcal sera and tested in anti-Klebsiella sera. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [B] 83: 397–405
Heidelberger M, Nimmich W, Eriksen J, Stirm S (1978) More on cross-reactions of pneumococci and klebsiella. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [B] 86: 313–320
Heidelberger M, Jann K, Jann B (1985) Cross-reactions of Escherichia coli K and O polysaccharides in anti-pneumococcal and anti-Salmonella sera. J Exp Med 162: 1350–1358
Hendley JO, Powell KR, Rodewald R, Holzgrefe HH, Lyles R (1977) Demonstration of a capsule on Neisseria gonorrhoeae. N Engl J Med 296: 608–611
Hendley JO, Powell KR, Salomonsky NL, Rodewald RR (1981) Electron microscopy of the gonococcal capsule. J Infect Dis 143: 796–802
Henrichsen J (1979) Pneumococcal typing. J Infect [Suppl 2] 1: 31–37
Henrichsen J, Ferrieri P, Jelinkova J, Köhler W, Maxted WR (1984) Nomenclature of antigens of group B streptococci. Int J Syst Bacteriol 34: 500
Hochkeppel HK, Braun DG, Vischer W, Imm A, Sutter S, Steubli V, Guggenheim R, et al. (1987) Serotyping and electron microscopy studies of Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates with monoclonal antibodies to capsular polysaccharide types 5 and 8. J Clin Microbiol 25: 526–530
Holmgren JG, Eggertsen G, Hanson LÅ, Lincoln K (1969) Immunodiffusion studies on Escherichia coli. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 76: 304–318
Hosieth SK, Conelly CJ, Moxon ER (1985) Genetics of a spontaneous high frequency loss of b capsule expression in Haemophilus influenzae. Infect Immun 49: 389–395
Jann B, Jann K, Schmidt G, Ørskov I, Ørskov F (1975) Immunochemical studies of the polysaccharide surface antigens of Escherichia coli 0100:K?(B):H2. Eur J Biochem 15: 29–39
Jann K, Jann B (1983) The K antigens of Escherichia coli. Prog Allergy 33: 53–79
Jann K, Jann B (1987) Polysaccharide antigens of Escherichia coli. Rev Infect Dis [Suppl 5] 9: S517–S526
Kaijser B (1977) A simple method for typing of acidic polysaccharide K antigens of Escherichia coli. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1: 285–288
Karakawa WW, Vann WF (1982) Capsular polysaccharides of Staphylococcus aureus. In: Weinstein L, Fields BN (eds) Bacterial vaccines. Thieme-Stratton, New York (Seminars in infectious diseases, vol 4)
Karakawa WW, Fournier JM, Vann WF, Arbeit R, Schneerson R, Robbins JB (1985) Method for the serological typing of the capsular polysaccharides of Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol 22: 445–447
Kasper DL (1976) The polysaccharide capsule of Bacteroides fragilis subspecies fragilis : immunochemical and morphologic definition. J Infect Dis 133: 79–87
Kasper DL, Lindberg AA, Weintraub A, Onderdonk AB, Lönngren J (1984) Capsular polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides from two strains of Bacteroides fragilis. Rev Infect Dis [Suppl 1] 6: S25–S29
Kauffmann F (1935) Über einen neuen serologischen Formenwechsel der Typhusbacillen. Z Hyg 116: 617–651
Kauffmann F (1944) Zur Serologie der Coli-Gruppe. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 21: 20–45
Kauffmann F (1949) On the serology of the Klebsiella group. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 26:381–406
Kauffmann F (1954) Enterobacteriaceae, 2nd edn. Munksgaard, Copenhagen
Kauffmann F, Vahlne G (1945) Über die Bedeutung des serologischen Formenwechsels für die Bakteriophagenwirkung in der Coli-Gruppe. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 22: 119–137
Kilian M (1985) Haemophilus. In: Lennette EH, Balows A, Hausier WJ, Shadomy HJ (eds) Manual of clinical microbiology, 4th edn. American Society for Microbiology, Washington
Knipschildt HE (1945) Coligruppens serologi, med særligt henblik på kapselformerne. Nyt Nordisk, Copenhagen
Kuo J S-C, Doelling VW, Graveline JF, McCoy DW (1985) Evidence for covalent attachment of phospholipid to the capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae. J Bacteriol 163: 769–773
Larsen JC, Ørskov F, Ørskov I, Schmidt MA, Jann B, Jann K (1980) Crossed immunoelectrophoresis and chemical structural analysis used for characterization of two varieties of Escherichia coli K2 polysaccharide antigen. Med Microbiol Immunol 168: 191–200
Lenette EH, Balows A, Hausier WJ, Shadomy HJ (eds) (1985) Manual of clinical microbiology, 4th edn. American Society for Microbiology, Washington
Lund E, Henrichsen J (1978) Laboratory diagnosis, serology and epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Methods Microbiol 12: 241–262
McCallus DE, Norcross NL (1987) Antibody specific for Escherichia coli J5 cross-reacts to various degrees with an Escherichia coli clinical isolate grown for different lengths of time. Infect Immun 55: 1042–1046
Morello JA, Janda WM, Bonhoff M (1985) Neisseria and Branhamella. In: Lennette EH, Balows A, Hausier WJ, Shadomy HJ (eds) Manual of clinical microbiology, 4th edn. American Society for Microbiology, Washington
Moreno C, Hewitt J, Hastings K, Brown D (1983) Immunological properties of monoclonal antibodies specific for meningococcal polysaccharides : the protective capacity of IgM antibodies specific for polysaccharide group B. J Gen Microbiol 129 : 2451–2456
Myerowitz RL, Albers AC, Yee RB, Ørskov F (1977) Relationship of K1 antigen to biotype in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli. J. Clin Mikrobiol 6: 124–127
Neufeld F (1902) Agglutination der Pneumokokken. Z Hyg Infektions 40: 54–72
Nimmich W, Zingler G (1984) Biochemical characteristics, phage patterns, and 01 factor analysis of Escherichia coli O1 :K1 :H7:F11 and O1 :K1 :H- :F9 strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. Med Microbiol Immunol 173: 75–85
Ochman H, Whittam TS, Caugant DA, Selander RK (1983) Enzyme polymorphism and genetic population structure in Escherichia coli and Shigella. J Gen Microbiol 129: 2715–2726
Ørskov F (1976) Agar electrophoresis combined with second dimensional Cetavlon precipitation. A new method for demonstration of acidic polysaccharide K antigens. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [B] 84: 319–320
Ørskov F, Ørskov I (1978) Serotyping of Enterobacteriaceae, with special emphasis on K antigen determination. Methods Microbiol 11: 1–77
Ørskov F, Ørskov I (1984) Serotyping of Escherichia coli. Methods Microbiol 14: 43–112
Ørskov F, Ørskov I, Jann B, Jann K (1971) Immunoelectrophoretic patterns of extracts from all Escherichia coli O and K antigen test strains correlation with pathogenicity. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [B] 79: 142–152
Ørskov F, Ørskov I, Evans DJ Jr, Sack RB, Sack DA, Wadström T (1976) Special Escherichia coli serotypes among enterotoxigenic strains from diarrhea in adults and children. Med Microbiol Immunol 162: 73–80
Ørskov F, Ørskov I, Sutton A, Schneerson R, Lin W, Egan W, Hoff GE, Robbins JB (1979) Form variation in Escherichia coli K1 determined by O-acetylation of the capsular polysaccharide. J Exp Med 149: 669–685
Ørskov F, Sharma V, Ørskov I (1984) Influence of growth temperature on the development of Escherichia coli polysaccharide K antigens. J Gen Microbiol 130: 2681–2684
Ørskov I (1956) “Immunological paralysis” induced in rabbits by a heavy capsulated Klebsiella strain. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 38: 375–384
Ørskov I (1981) The genus Klebsiella (medical aspects). In: Starr MP, Stolp H, Trüper HG, Balows A, Schlegel HG (eds) The prokaryotes, vol 2. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Ørskov I, Nyman K (1974) Genetic mapping of the antigenic determinants of two polysaccharide K antigens. J Bacteriol 120: 43–51
Ørskov I, Ørskov F (1970) The K antigens of Escherichia coli. Re-examination and re-evaluation of L antigens. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [B] 78: 593–604
Ørskov I, Ørskov F (1984) Serotyping of Klebsiella. Methods Microbiol 14: 143–164
Ørskov I, Sharma V, Ørskov F (1976) Genetic mapping of the K1 and K4 antigens (L) of Escherichia coli. Non-allelism of K (L) antigens with K antigens of O8: K27(A), 08 : K8(L) and 09:K57(B). Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [B] 84: 125–131
Ørskov I, Ørskov F, Jann B, Jann K (1977) Serology, chemistry, and genetics of O and K antigens of Escherichia coli. Bacteriol Rev 41: 667–710
Ørskov I, Birch-Andersen A, Duguid JP, Stenderup J, Ørskov F (1985) An adhesive protein capsule of Escherichia coli. Infect Immun 47: 191–200
Perch B (1950) Capsular swelling of Salmonella M forms and their antigenic relationship to Klebsiella capsules. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 27: 565–571
Perch B, Pedersen KB, Henrichsen J (1983) Serology of capsulated streptococci pathogenic for pigs: six new serotypes of Streptococcus suis. J Clin Microbiol 17: 993–996
Petrie GF (1932) A specific precipitin reaction associated with the growth on agar plates of meningococcus, pneumococcus and B-dysenteriae (Shiga). Br J Exp Pathol 13: 380–894
Pittman M (1931) Variation and type specificity in the bacterial species Hemophilus influenzae. J Exp Med 53:471–492
Pluschke K, Moll A, Kusecek B, Achtman M (1986) Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polysaccharide gel electrophoresis and monoclonal antibodies as tools for the subgrouping of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide O18 and 023 antigens. Infect Immun 51: 286–293
Porras O, Caugant DA, Gray B, Lagergård T, Levin BR, Svanborg Edén C (1986) Difference in structure between type b and nontypable Haemophilus influenzae populations. Infect Immun 53: 79–89
Reimann K, Heise H, Blom J (1988) Attempts to demonstrate a polysaccharide capsule in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. APMIS 96: 735–740
Robbins JB, Gotschlich EC, Liu TY, Schneerson R, Handzel ZT, Argaman M, Parke JC Jr, Myerowith RL (1973) Bacterial antigens cross-reactive with the capsular polysaccharides of Haemophilus influenzae type b, Neisseria meningitidis groups A and C and Diplococcus pneumoniae types I and III. In : Robbins JB, Horton RE, Krause RM (eds) New approaches for inducing natural immunity to pyogenic organisms. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Washington, pp 45–56 (DHEW publication no. (NIH) 74–553)
Robbins JB, Schneerson R, Liu T-Y, Schiffer M-S, Schiffman G, Myerowitz RL, McCracken GH, et al. (1975) Cross-reacting bacterial antigens and immunity to disease caused by encapsulated bacteria. In: Neter E, Milgram F (eds) The immune system and infectious diseases. 4th International Convocation on Immunology, Buffalo, NY. Karger, New York, pp 218–241
Roberts M, Roberts I, Korhonen TK, Jann K, Bitter-Suermann D, Boulnois GJ, Williams PH (1988) DNA probes for K-antigen (capsule) typing of Escherichia coli. J Clin Microbiol 26: 385–387
Sakazaki R, Tamura K, Kato T, Obara Y, Yamai S, Hobo K (1968) Studies on the enteropathogenic facultatively halophilic bacteria, Vibrio üarahaemolyticus III. Enteropathogenicity. Jpn J Med Sci Biol 21: 325–331
Saunders JR (1986) The genetic basis for phase and antigenic variation in bacteria. In: Birkbeck TH, Penn CW (eds) Antigenic variation in infectious diseases. IRL, Oxford (Special publications of the Society for General Microbiology, vol 19)
Schmidt MA, Jann K (1982) Phospholipid substitution of capsular (K) polysaccharide antigens from Escherichia coli causing extraintestinal infections. FEMS Microbiol Lett 14: 69–74
Schneerson R, Bradshaw M, Whisnant JK, Myerowitz RL, Parke JE, Robbins JB (1972) An Escherichia coli antigen cross-reactive with capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae type b: occurrence among known serotypes and immunochemical and biologic properties of E. coli antisera toward H. influenzae type b. J Immunol 108: 1551–1562
Selander RK, Levin BR (1980) Genetic diversity and structure in Escherichia coli populations. Science 210: 545–547
Semjen G, Ørskov I, Ørskov F (1977) K antigen determination of Escherichia coli by counter-current Immunoelectrophoresis (CIE). Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [B] 85: 103–107
Silver RP, Vann WF, Aaronson W (1984) Genetic and molecular analysis of Escherichia coli Kl antigen genes. J Bacteriol 157: 568–575
Smith T, Bryant G (1927) Studies on pathogenic B coli from bovine sources. II. Mutations and their immunological singiflcance. J Exp Med 46: 133–140
Söderström T, Stein K, Brinton CC, Hosea S, Burch C, Hansson HA, Karpas A, et al. (1983) Serological and functional properties of monoclonal antibodies to Escherichia coli type I pilus and capsular antigens. Prog Allergy 33: 259–274
Szewczyk B, Taylor A (1983) Purification and immunochemical properties of Escherichia coli B polysaccharide cross-reacting with Salmonella typhi Vi antigen : preliminary evidence for cross-reaction of the polysaccharide with Escherichia coli Kl antigen. Infect Immun 41: 224–231
Tsai CM, Frasch CE (1982) A sensitive silver stain for detecting LPS in polyacrylamide gels. Anal Biochem 119: 115–119
Tsang RSW, Chau PY (1987) Production of Vi monoclonal antibodies and their application as diagnostic reagents. J Clin Microbiol 25: 531–535
Vahlne G (1945) Serological typing of colon bacteria. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [Suppl] 62: 1–127
Vann WF, Söderström T, Egan W, Tsui F-P, Schneerson R, Ørskov I, Ørskov F (1983) Serological, chemical and structural analysis of the Escherichia coli cross-reactive capsular polysaccharides K13, K20, and K23. Infect Immun 39: 623–629
Williams RP (1986) Bacillus anthracis and other aerobic spore-forming bacilli. In: Braude A (ed) Infectious diseases and medical microbiology, 2nd. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 270–278
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ørskov, F., Ørskov, I. (1990). The Serology of Capsular Antigens. In: Jann, K., Jann, B. (eds) Bacterial Capsules. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 150. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74694-9_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74694-9_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-74696-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-74694-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive