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The Physics of Optical Frequency Standards Using Saturation Methods

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Frequency Standards and Metrology

Abstract

This paper presents a survey of our present theoretical description of the physical phenomena which play an important role in optical frequency standards based on saturation methods. Such systems consist of a set of laser beams (usually counter-propagating along the same axis but sometimes separated in space) which propagate in a TEM mode and interact with 2 or 3 level systems (atoms or molecules in gas phase in a cell or in a molecular beam). The interaction physics is dominated by the relative motion of these two systems which gives rise to residual first-order Doppler effects usually taking the form of transit effects (wavefront curvature shift...) and to the important second-order Doppler effect.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Gravitation et Cosmologie Relativistes, Paris, France

    C. J. Bordé

  2. Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers-Villetaneuse, France

    C. J. Bordé

Authors
  1. C. J. Bordé
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Electronics and Automatics, Università degli Studi di Ancona, Via delle Brecce Bianche, I-60131, Ancona, Italy

    Andrea De Marchi

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© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg

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Bordé, C.J. (1989). The Physics of Optical Frequency Standards Using Saturation Methods. In: De Marchi, A. (eds) Frequency Standards and Metrology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74501-0_36

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74501-0_36

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-74503-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-74501-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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