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Experimental Models of Sensorineural Hearing Loss — Effects of Noise and Ototoxic Drugs on Hearing

  • Conference paper
Progress in Sensory Physiology 9

Part of the book series: Progress in Sensory Physiology ((PHYSIOLOGY,volume 9))

Abstract

Sensorineural hearing loss, i.e., the loss of hearing which is caused by pathological processes in the cochlea and consequently in the auditory pathway is the subject of many recent clinical and experimental studies. Increasing noise levels in the environment as well as the increasing occurrence of ototoxic side effects of drugs significantly increase the attention which is paid to the problem of sensorineural hearing loss. Although the experimental studies on the mechanisms of the noise-induced and drug-induced hearing loss can be traced back into the last century, only the last 40 years have seen significant improvement in the understanding of cochlear pathology and pathophysiology. Undoubtedly the progress in pathological studies would not have been possible without the great progress in understanding cochlear ultrastructure and function. New techniques have made possible the investigation of changes in very subtle structures of the auditory receptors, such as stereocilia, and the correlation of these microstructural properties with the responses of single auditory nerve fibers. New insights into the pathological mechanisms have been achieved using intracellular recordings from hair cells. Combined measurements of ionic concentrations in cochlear fluids together with stria-produced potentials have given another dimension to the complex picture of sensorineural hearing loss. Structural and functional changes as a consequence of exposure to noise have also been found in the central part of the auditory pathway.

The author wishes to thank Dr. Donald Robertson and Prof. Charles Edwards for valuable comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Lidových milicí 61, Prague 2, 120 00, Czechoslovakia

    J. Syka

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  1. J. Syka
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Zoologisches Institut der Universität München, Luisenstrasse 14, 8000, München 2, Germany

    Hansjochem Autrum

  2. Department of Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27514, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Edward R. Perl

  3. Physiologisches Institut der Universität, Röntgenring 9, 8700, Würzburg, Germany

    Robert F. Schmidt

  4. Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Brain Research, University of Tokyo, 7.3.1. Hongo, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Hiroshi Shimazu

  5. The Marine Biomedical Institute, University of Texas Medical Branch, 77550, Galveston, TX, USA

    William D. Willis

  6. Fysiologiska Institutionen II, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, 10401, Stockholm 60, Sweden

    David Ottoson

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Syka, J. (1989). Experimental Models of Sensorineural Hearing Loss — Effects of Noise and Ototoxic Drugs on Hearing. In: Autrum, H., Perl, E.R., Schmidt, R.F., Shimazu, H., Willis, W.D., Ottoson, D. (eds) Progress in Sensory Physiology 9. Progress in Sensory Physiology, vol 9. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74058-9_3

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