Abstract
The synaptosome can survive in isolation for several hours, maintaining plasma and mitochondrial membrane potentials of some 60mV and 150mV respectively (Scott and Nicholls, 1980), high ATP/ADP ratios (Kauppinen and Nicholls, 1986a) and submicromolar cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentrations (Hansford and Castro, 1985). The guinea-pig cerebral cortical preparation shows a ten-fold increase in glycolysis when oxidative phosphorylation is prevented (Kauppinen and Nicholls, 1986a). This substantial Pasteur effect shows firstly that essentially all the glycolytic capacity is under the control of the mitochondria, i. e. very little glycolysis occurs in membranous structures lacking mitochondria, and secondly that the mitochondria within the synaptosomes are functional. Indeed, the seven-fold respiratory stimulation on addition of uncoupler (Kauppinen and Nicholls, 1986a) proves that this synaptosomal preparation is far more “coupled” and physiologically intact than is sometimes feared.
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Nicholls, D., Sanchez-Prieto, J. (1988). Synaptosomal Bioenergetics and the Mechanism of Amino Acid Transmitter Release. In: Zimmermann, H. (eds) Cellular and Molecular Basis of Synaptic Transmission. NATO ASI Series, vol 21. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73172-3_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73172-3_11
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