Summary
This paper summarizes the Bochum/USC face recognition system, our preparations for the FERET Phase III test, and test results as far as they have been made known to us. Our technology is based on Gabor wavelets and elastic bunch graph matching. We briefly discuss our technology in relation to biological and PCA based systems and indicate current activities in the lab and potential future applications.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bates, R. H. T. and McDonnell, N. J. (1986): Image Restoration and Reconstruction. Oxford Unversity Press, Oxford, p. 226–227.
Kalocsai, P., Biederman, I., and Cooper, E. E. (1994): To What Extent Can the Recognition of Unfamiliar Faces be Accounted for by a Representation of the Direct Output of Simple Cell. In: Proceedings ARVO, Sarasota, Florida, p.1627.
Biederman, I. (1987): Recognition-by-Components: A Theory of Human Image Understanding. Psychological Review 94:115–147.
Biederman, I. and Kalocsai, P. (1997): Neurocomputational Bases of Object and Face Recognition. Phil. Trans. Roy Soc: Biological Sciences, in press.
Craw, I. and Cameron, P. (1991): Parameterising images for recognition and reconstruction. Proc. British Machine Vision Conference, Turing Institute Press and Springer Verlag.
Daugman, J. D. (1988): Complete Discrete 2-D Gabor Transforms by Neural Networks for Image Analysis and Compression. IEEE Trans, on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing 36:1169–1179.
Elagin, E., Steffens, J., and Neven, H. (1997): Automatic Real-Time Pose Estimation System for Human Faces Based on Bunch Graph Matching Technology. Proc. Intl. Conf. on Automatic Face- and Gesture-Recognition, Nara, Japan (submitted).
Fleet, D. J. and Jepson, A. D. (1990): Computation of Component Image Velocity from Local Phase Information. Intl. J. of Computer Vision, 5(1):77–104.
Hancock, P. J. B., Bruce, V, and Burton, A. M. (1997): A Comparison of Two Computer-Based Face Identification Systems with Human Perceptions of Faces. Vision Research, in press.
Hong, H., Neven, H., and von der Malsburg, C. (1997): Online Facial Expression Recognition based on Personalized Gallery. Proc. Intl. Conf. on Automatic Face-and Gesture-Recognition, Nara, Japan (submitted).
Hubel, D. H. and Wiesel, T. N. (1962): Receptive Fields, Binocular and Functional Architecture in the Cat’s Visual Cortex. Journal of Physiology, 106–154.
Jones, J. and Palmer, L. (1987): An Evaluation of the Two-Dimensional Gabor Filter Model of Simple Receptive Fields in Cat Striate Cortex. Journal of Neurophysiology, 1233–1258.
Kalocsai, P., Neven, H., Steffens, J., and Biederman, I. (1997): Statistical Analysis of Gabor-filter Representation. Proc. Intl. Conf. on Automatic Face- and Gesture-Recognition, Nara, Japan (submitted).
Konen W. (1996): Comparing Facial Line Drawings with Gray-Level Images: A Case Study on PHANTOMAS. Proc. ICANN’96, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, New York, 727–734.
Konen, W. and Schulze-Krüger, E. (1995): ZN-Face: A System for Access Control Using Automated Face Recognition. Proc. Intl. Workshop on Automatic Face-and Gesture-Recognition, Zürich, 18–23.
Krüger, N., Pötzsch, M., and von der Malsburg, C. (1997): Determination of Face Position and Pose with a Learned Representation Based on Labeled Graphs. Image and Vision Computing, 665–673.
Krüger, N. (1997): An Algorithm for the Learning of Weights in Discrimination Funcions Using a priori Constraints. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence, 19:764–768.
Lades, M. (1995): Invariant Object Recognition Based on Dynamical Links, Ro-bust to Scaling, Rotation and Variation of Illumination. PhD. Thesis, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany.
Lades, M., Vorbrüggen, J. C, Buhmann, J., Lange, J., von der Malsburg, C, Würtz, R. P., and Konen, W. (1993): Distortion Invariant Object Recognition in the Dynamic Link Architecture. IEEE Transactions on Computers, 42(3):300–311.
Lanitis, A., Taylor, C. J., Cootes, T. F. (1995): A Unified Approach To Coding and Interpreting Face Images. Proc. Intl. Conference on Computer Vision, Cambridge, 368–373.
Maurer, T., and von der Malsburg, C. (1995): Single-View Based Recognition of Faces Rotated in Depth. Proc. Intl. Workshop on Automatic Face- and Gesture-Recognition, Zürich, 248–253.
Maurer, T., and von der Malsburg, C. (1996): Tracking and Learning Graphs and Pose on Image Sequences. Proc. Intl. Workshop on Automatic Face- and Gesture-Recognition, Vermont, 176–181.
Penev, J. S., and Atick, J. J. (1996): Local feature analysis: a general statistical theory for object representation. Network: computation in neural systems, 7:477–500.
Pentland, A., Moghaddam, B., and Starner, T. (1993): View-Based and Modular Eigenspaces for Face Recognition. Technical Report 245, MIT Media Lab Vismod
Philips, P. J., Rauss, P., and Der, S. Z. (1996): FERET (Face Recognition Technology) Recognition Algorithm Development and Test Results.US Army Research Laboratory Technical Report ARL-TR-995.
Phillips, P. J., Moon, H., Rauss, P., and Rizvi, S. A. (1997): The FERET September 1996 Database and Evaluation Procedure. Proc. First Intl. Conference on Audio and Video-based Biometric Person Authentication, Crans-Montana, Switzer-
Phillips, P. J., and Rauss, P. (1997): Face Recognition Technology (FERET Program). Proc. Office of National Drug Control Policy, in press.
Pötzsch, M., Maurer, T., Wiskott, L., and von der Malsburg, C. (1996): Reconstruction from Graphs Labeled with Responses of Gabor Filters. Proc. ICANN’96, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, New York, 845–850.
Rinne, M., Pötzsch, M., and von der Malsburg, C. (1997): Designing Objects for Computer Vision (FLAVOR). In preparation.
Steffens, J., Elagin, E., and Neven, H. (1997): Person Spotter - Fast and Robust System for Human Detection, Tracking and Recognition. Proc. Intl. Conf. on Automatic Face- and Gesture-Recognition, Nara, Japan (submitted).
Theimer, W. M., and Mallot, H. A. (1994): Phase-Based Binocular Vergence Control and Depth Reconstruction Using Active Vision. CVGIP: Image Understanding, 60(3):343–358.
Triesch, J., and von der Malsburg, C. (1996): Robust Classification of Hand Postures against Complex Backgrounds. Proc. Intl. Workshop on Automatic Face- and Gesture-Recognition, Vermont, 170–175.
Turk, M., and Pentland, A. (1991): Eigenfaces for Recognition. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 3:71–86.
Vetter, T., and Troje, N. (1995): A separated linear shape and texture space for modeling two-dimensional images of human faces. Technical Report, MPI for biological Cybernetics, TR15.
Wiskott, L. (1995): Labeled Graphs and Dynamic Link Matching for Face Recognition and Scene Analysis. Reihe Physik vol. 53. Verlag Harri Deutsch, Thun, Frankfurt a. Main.
Wiskott, L., Fellous, J. M., Krüger, N., and von der Malsburg, C. (1995): Face Recognition and Gender Determination. Proc. Intl. Workshop on Automatic Face- and Gesture-Recognition, Zürich, 92–97.
Wiskott, L., Fellous, J. M., Krüger, N., and von der Malsburg, C. (1997): Face Recognition by Elastic Bunch Graph Matching. IEEE Trans, on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence, 19:775–779.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Okada, K. et al. (1998). The Bochum/USC Face Recognition System and How it Fared in the FERET Phase III Test. In: Wechsler, H., Phillips, P.J., Bruce, V., Soulié, F.F., Huang, T.S. (eds) Face Recognition. NATO ASI Series, vol 163. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72201-1_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72201-1_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-72203-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-72201-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive