Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Rauchen - Passivrauchen - Prävention

  • Chapter
Pneumologische Umweltmedizin

  • 97 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Tabakrauchen ist — zweifelsfrei — eine der wichtigsten Ursachen für Krankheit und den frühzeitigen Tod vieler Menschen [35, 70, 114]. Weltweit sterben jährlich etwa 3 Mio. Menschen an den Folgen des Tabakkonsums, davon etwa 1,5 Mio. in den Industrieländern. In Deutschland sind es jährlich etwa 115000 Menschen [99]. Rund 40% der tabakbedingten Todesfälle werden durch Herz- Kreislauferkrankungen verursacht, mehr als 20% durch Bronchialkrebs und etwa 18% durch chronisch obstruktive Atemwegserkrankungen. Die restlichen, etwa 22% der Todesfälle sind auf verschiedene andere tabakbedingte Erkrankungen zurückzuführen [139].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  1. Abrams DB, Orleans CT, Niaura RN, et al. (1993) Treatment issues in smoking cessation: a stepped care approach. Tobacco Control 2 (suppl): 17–34

    Google Scholar 

  2. Adlkofer FX (1992) Lungenkrebs durch Passivrauchen am Arbeitsplatz - ein eher theoretisches Problem. Zbl Arbeitsmed 42: 400–424

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (1996) Smoking Cessation Clinical Practice Guideline. JAMA 275: 1270–1280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Aronow WS (1978) Effect of passive smoking on angina pectoris. N Eng! J Med 299: 21–24

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. ATS-Statement (1984) Health effects of smoking on children. American Thoracic Society

    Google Scholar 

  6. Baker RR, Proctor CJ (1990) The origins and properties of environmental tobacco smoke. Environ Int 16:231–245

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Bakoula ChG, Kafritsa YJ, Kavadias D et al. (1995) Objective passive-smoking indicators and respiratory morbidity in young children. Lancet 346: 280–281

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Bartsch N (1987) Suchtprävention in der Grundschule. In: Bartsch & Knigge-Illner (Hrsg) Sucht und Erziehung. Weinheim und Beltz Verlag, pp 165–183

    Google Scholar 

  9. Becher H, Wahrendorf J (1994) Passivrauchen und Lungenkrebsrisiko. Gegenwärtiger epidemiologischer Kenntnisstand und Abschätzung des Effektes in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Deutsches Ärzteblatt 48: A3352–3358

    Google Scholar 

  10. Binder RE, Mitchell CA, Hossein HR, et al. (1979) Importance of the indoor environment on air pollution exposure. Arch Environ Health 31: 277

    Google Scholar 

  11. Bölcskei PL (1992) Praktische Erfahrungen und Studienergebnisse: Kombinierter Therapieansatz zur Raucherentwöhnung. In: Gesundheitsberatung zur Tabakentwöhnung (Hrsg) Wissenschaftlicher Aktionskreis Tabakentwöhnung (W.A. T) e.Y. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, pp 83–92

    Google Scholar 

  12. Bölcskei PL et al. (1997) Suchtprävention an Schulen - Besondere Aspekte des Nikotinabusus. Effekte nach einer vierjäbrigen Intervention durch das Suchtpräventions- und Gesundheitsförderungsprogramm Klasse 2000. Präy-Rehab 9(2):82–89.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Borland R, Pierce JP, Burns DM, Gilpin E, Johnson M, Bal D (1992) Protection from environmental tobacco smoke in California, The case for a smoke-free workplace. JAMA 268:749–752

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Breslow NF, Day NE (1980) Statistical Methods in Cancer Research. Volume 1 - The Analysis of Case-Control Studies, IARC Scientific Publications No. 32. International Agency für Research on Cancer. Lyon

    Google Scholar 

  15. Brownson RC, Alavanja MCR, Hock ET, Loy TS (1992). Passive smoking and lung cancer in nonsmoking women. Am J Public Health 82: 1525–1530

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Brunekreef B, Hoeck G, Groot G (1992) Pets, allergy and respiratory symptoms in children. Int J Epidemiol 21: 338–342

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Buchkremer G, Minneker E, Block M (1991) Smoking Cessation Treatment combining Transdermal Nicotine Substitution with Behavioral Therapy. Pharmacopsychiatry 24: 96–102

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bühringer G, Künzel-Böhmer J (1991) Die Lübecker Resolutionen der europäischen Konferenz „Drogenprävention in Schulen“ vor dem Hintergrund der Präventionsforschung. In: Der Bundesminister für Bildung und Wissenschaft (Hrsg) Suchtprävention in Schulen

    Google Scholar 

  19. Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (1994) Die Drogenaffinität Jugendlicher in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Wiederholungsbefragung 1993/94. Köln

    Google Scholar 

  20. Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Autklärung (1996) Aktionsgrundlagen. Köln

    Google Scholar 

  21. Burrows B, Knudson RJ, Lebowitz MD (1977) The relationship of childhood respiratory illness to adult obstructive airway disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 115:751–760

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Butler NR, Goldstein H (1973) Smoking in pregnancy and subsequent child development. BMJ 4:573

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Butler TL (1988) The relationship of passive smoking to various health outcomes among Seventh Day Adventists in California (dissertation). University of California, Los Angeles (CA) 160:173

    Google Scholar 

  24. CDC (Centers for Disease Control) (1988) Discomfort from environmental tobacco smoke among employees at worksites with minimal smoking restrictions - United States. MMWR 41:351–354

    Google Scholar 

  25. Celermajer DA, Adams MR, Clarkson P, et al. (1996) Passive smoking and impaired endothelium-dependent arterial dilatation in healthy young adults. N Engl J Med 334: 150–154

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Cummings KM, Markelle SJ, Mahoney M, Bhargava AK, McElroy PD, Marshall JR (1989) Measurement of lifetime exposure to passive smoke. Am J Epidemiol 130: 122–132

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Cummings KM, Markello SJ, Mahoney M, Bhargave AK, McElroy PD, Marshall JR (1990) Measurement of current exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Arch Environ Health 45 (2): 74–79

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Cummings KM, Zaki A, Markello S (1991) Variation in sensitivity to environmental tobacco smoke among adult non-smokers. Int J Epidemiol 20: 121–125

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Cummings SR, Rubin SM (1987) Counselling smokers to quit is worth an extra visit. Clinical Research 35:736

    Google Scholar 

  30. Cunningham J, Dockery DW, Speizer FE (1994) Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy As a Predictor of Lung Function in Children. Am J Epidemiol 139: 1139–1152

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Dales RE, Spitzer WO, Hill GB (1993) Adult respiratory diseases and environmental tobacco smoke. In:Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, ed Hirsch A, Goldberg M, Martin JP, Masse R, Lung Biology in Health and Disease Vol. 68. Marcel Dekker, New York, Basel, Hong Kong, p 417

    Google Scholar 

  32. DiClemente CC, Prochaska JO, Fairhurst SK, Velicer WF, Valesquez MM, Rossi JS (1991) The processes of smoking cessation: An analysis of precontemplation, contemplation, and preparation stages of change. J Consult Clin Psychol 59: 295–304

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Dlugosch G, Schmidt L (1990) Psychological aspects of health education. In: Hurrelmann K, Lösel F (eds) Health hazards in adolescence. De Gruyter, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  34. Dold S et al. (1992) Auswirkungen des Passivrauchens auf den kindlichen Respirationstrakt. Monatsschr Kinderheilk 140: 763–768

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Doll R, Gray R, Peto R, et al. (1990) Tobacco-related diseases. J Smoking Related Dis 1:3–13

    Google Scholar 

  36. Doll R, Peto R (1978) Cigarette smoking and bronchial carcinoma:Dose and time relationships among regular smokers and lifelong non-smokers. J Epidemiol Community Health 32:303–313

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Eisen EA, Wegman DH, Louis TA (1983) Effects of selection in a prospective study offorced expiratory volume in Vermont granite workers. Am Rev Respir Dis 128:587–591

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Emmons KM, Thompson B, Feng Z, et al. (1995) Dietary intake and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in a worksite population. Eur J Clin Nutr (zitiert nach 81)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Environmental Protection Agency (1989) Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund Volume 1 Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part A). Interim Final. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  40. Environmental Protection Agency (1992) Respiratory Health Effects of Passive Smoking: Lung Cancer and Other Disorders, Washington, DC: Office of Air and Radiation and Office of Research and Development. U.S. EPA publication no 600/6–90/006 F

    Google Scholar 

  41. Etzel RA, Pattishall EN, Haley NJ (1992) Passive smoking and middle ear effusion among children in day care. Pediatrics 90: 228–232

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Euler GL, Abbey DE, Magie AR, Hodgkin JE (1987) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease symptom effects of long-term cumulative exposure to ambient levels of total suspended particulates and sulphur dioxide in California Seventh-Day Adventist residents. Arch Environ Health 42:213–222

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Evans D, Levison MJ, Feldman CH, Clark NM, Wasilewski Y, Levin B, MoIlins RB (1987) The impact of passive smoking on emergency room visits of urban children with asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 735: 567–572

    Google Scholar 

  44. Fergusson DM, Horwood LJ, Shannon FT, Taylor B (1981) Parental smoking and lower respiratory illness in the first three years of life. J Epidemiol Community Health 35: 180

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Fiore MC, Smith SS, Jorenby DE, et al. (1994) The effectiveness of the nicotine patch for smoking cessation:a meta-analysis. JAMA 27l: 1940–1947

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Fletcher CM, Peto R, Tinker C, Speizer FE (1976) The natural history of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. An eight-year study of early chronic obstructive lung disease in working men in London. Oxford University Press, Oxford, p 272

    Google Scholar 

  47. Fontham ETH, Correa P, Wu-Williams A, Reynolds P, Greenberg RS, Buffler PA, Chen VW, Boyd P, Alterman T, Austin DF, Liff J, Greenberg SD (1991) Lung cancer in nonsmoking women:a multicenter casecontrol study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev I: 35–43

    Google Scholar 

  48. Freiman JA, Chalmers TC, Smith H, Kuebler R (1978) The importance of Beta, the Type Ü error and sample size in the design and interpretation of randomized control trial. N Engl J Med 299:690–694

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Friedman GD, Petitti DB, Bawol RD (1983) Prevalence and correlates of passive smoking. Am J Public Health 73: 401–405

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Frischer T, Kühr J, Meinert R, Karmaus W, Barth R, Hermann-Kunz E, Urbanek R (1992) Maternal smoking in early childhood is a risk factor for bronchial responsiveness to exercise in primary school children. J Pediat 121: 17–22

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Frischer T, Studnicka M, Neumann M (1992) Childhood risk factors for development of COPD: Role of infection and passive smoking. Eur Resp Rev 9: 154–158

    Google Scholar 

  52. Gail M (1975) Measuring the benefits of reduced exposure to environmental carcinogens. J Chronic Dis 28: 135–147

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Gohlke H, Gohlke-Bärwolf C, Peters K, Schmitt M, Katzenstein M, Gaida C, Schneider E, Roskamm H (1989) Prävention des Zigarettenrauchens in der Schule, Eine prospektive kontroIlierte Studie. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 46: 1780–1784

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Götz M (1994) Welchen Einfluß hat das Passivrauchen auf die Lunge im Kindesalter? Krankenpflegejournal 32: 122–126

    Google Scholar 

  55. Graham NMH (1990) The epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in children and adults:a global perspective. Epidemiol Rev 12: 149–178

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Gulya AJ (1994) Environmetal Tobacco Smoke and Otitis Media. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 111:6–8

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Haddow JE et al. (1987) Cigarette consumption and serum cotinine in relation to birthweight. Br J Obstet Gynaec 94:678

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Haley NJ, Colosimo SG, Acelrad CM, Harris R, Sepkovic DW (1989) Biochemical validation of self-reported exposure ot environmental tobacco smoke. Environ Res 49: 127–135

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Hanrahan JP, Tager IB, Segal MR, Castile RG, Van Vunakis H, Weiss ST, Speizer FE (1992) The effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on early infant lung function. Am Rev RespirDis 145:1129–1135

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Heatherton TF, Kozlowski LT, Frecker RC, Fagerström KO (1991) The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence: A revision of the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire. Br J Addict 86: 119–127

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Hecht SS, Carmella SG, Murphy SE, Akerkar S, Brunnemann KD, Hoffmann D (1993) A tobacco-specific lung carcinogen in the urine of men exposed to cigarette smoke. N Engl J Med 329: 1543–1546

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Hesse S (1993) Suchtprävention in der Schule. Evaluation der Tabak- und Alkoholprävention. Schule und Gesellschaft Bd. 3, Leske & Budrich, Opladen

    Google Scholar 

  63. Hesse S (1995) Drogenkonsum als problematische Form der Lebensbewältigung im Jugendalter - Perspektiven für die Prävention. In: Arbeitskreis Prävention Mainz (Hrsg) Life Skill - was ist das?

    Google Scholar 

  64. Hirayama T (1990) Passive smoking. NZ Med J 103: 54

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Hoffmann D, Wynder EL (1994) Aktives und passives Rauchen. In: Marquard H, Wynder EL (Hrsg) Lehrbuch der Toxikologie, Wissenschafts-Verlag, Mannheim, Leipzig, Wien, Zurich, pp 589–605

    Google Scholar 

  66. Hoffmeister H, Stolzenberg H, Schön D, Thefeld W, Hoelz J, Schröder E (1988) Nationaler Untersuchungssurvey und regionale Untersuchungssurveys der Deutschen Herz-Kreislauf-Präventionsstudie. Band Ü: Ergebnisse einer Grundauswertung von Gesamtcholesterin, HDL-Cholesterin, Blutdruck, Rauchgewohnheiten, Thiocyanat. Berlin: DHPForum

    Google Scholar 

  67. Hole DJ, Gilis CR, Chopra C, et al. (1989) Passive smoking and cardiorespiratory health in a general population in the west of Scotland. BMJ 299:423–427

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Hugod C (1991) Auch wenn es wissenschaftlich nicht zu beweisen ist, sollten wir Kinder vor Tabakrauch schützen. Öff. Gesundh.-Wes. 53: 160–161 Sonderheft 2

    Google Scholar 

  69. Institut für Präventive Pneumologie am Klinikum der Stadt Nürnberg (1995) Klasse 2000-Entstehung - Ziele - Entwicklung - Nutzen. Eigendruck

    Google Scholar 

  70. International Agency for Research on Cancer (1990) Cancer: Causes, occurence and control, IARC Scientific Publications, Lyon Vol. 100

    Google Scholar 

  71. Jöckel KH (1991) Passivrauchen - Bewertung der epidemiologischen Befunde. VDI Berichte 888:517–535

    Google Scholar 

  72. Jork K (1997) Raucherentwöhnung in der Allgemeinpraxis. In: Raucherberatung und Raucherentwöhnung - ein interaktives Computerprogramm (Hrsg) Bölcskei PL, Bayerische Landesärztekammer (in Vorbereitung)

    Google Scholar 

  73. Kolip P, Hurrelmann K, Schnabel PE (Hrsg) (1995) Jugend und Gesundheit - Interventionsfelder und Präventionsbereiche. Juventa Verlag, Weinheim

    Google Scholar 

  74. Kottke TE, Solberg LI (1995) Is it not time to make smoking a vital sign? Mayo Clin Proc 70:303–304

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Kreppner K (1991) Sozialisation in der Familie. In: Hurrelmann (Hrsg) Neues Handbuch der Sozialisationsforschung. Beltz Verlag, Weinheim & Basel, pp 321–334

    Google Scholar 

  76. Kritz H, Schmid P, Sinzinger H (1995) Passive smoking and cardiovascular risk. Arch InternMed 155:1942–1948

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Kritz H, Sinzinger H (1996) Passive smoking, platelet function and atherosclerosis. Wien Klin Wschr 108:582–588

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Kritz H, Sinzinger H (1996) Passivrauchen. Wien Klin Wschr 108:563–564

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Künzel J (1995) Was ist Life-Skill- Ergebnisse der Expertisen zur Primärprävention des Substanzmißbrauchs. In: Arbeitskreis Prävention Mainz (Hrsg) Life Skill was ist das?

    Google Scholar 

  80. Kurz H, Fuischer T, Huber WD und Götz (1994) Gesundheitsschäden durch Passivrauchen bei Kindern. WMW 22/23: 531–534

    Google Scholar 

  81. Law MR, Hackshaw AK (1996) Environmental tobacco smoke. Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, St Bartholomew’s Hospital Medical College, London UK. Br Med Bull 52(No1): 22–34

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Le Marchand L, Wilkens LR, Hankin JH, et al. (1991) Dietary patterns of female nonsmokers with and without exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Cancer Causes Control 2: 11–16

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Lee PN (1987) Lung cancer and passive smoking: association of artefact due to misclassification of smoking habits. Toxicol Letters 35: 157–162

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. LeVois ME, Layard MW (1995) Publication Bias in the Environmental Tobacco Smoke! Coronary Heart Disease Epidemiological Literature. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 21: 181–188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Liu Q, Sasco AJ, Riboli E, Hu MX (1993) Indoor air pollution and lung cancer in Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China. Am J Epidemiol 137: 145–154

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Luck B, Nau H (1984) Exposure of the fetus, neonate and nursed infant to nicotine and cotinine from maternal smoking. N Engl J Med 310:672–678

    Google Scholar 

  87. Magnussen H (1991) Weder bei Kindern noch bei Erwachsenen mit Asthma bronchiale beeinträchtigt Passivrauchen akut Lungenfunktion und bronchiale Empfindlichkeit. Öff. Gesundh-Wes Sonderheft 253: 162–164

    Google Scholar 

  88. Masjedi M-R, Kazemi H, Johnson DC (1990) Effects of passive smoking on the pulmonary function of adults. Thorax 45: 27–31

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Mitchel EA (1993) Joint meeting EPRS and ERS Oslo January

    Google Scholar 

  90. Moore P (1997) Smoking in pregnancy linked with conduct disorder. Lancet 350: 190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  91. Morris PD (1995) Lifetime Excess Risk of Death from Lung Cancer for a U.S. Female Never-Smoker Exposed to Environmental Tobacco Smoke. Environ Res 68: 3–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. National Research Council (NRC) (1986) Environmental tobacco smoke: Measuring exposures and assessing health effects. National Academy Press Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  93. Nordlohne E (1992) Die Kosten jugendlicher Problembewältigung - Alkohol-, Zigarettenund Arzneimittelkonsum im Jugendalter. Juventa Verlag, Weinheim

    Google Scholar 

  94. O’Connor GT, Weiss ST, Tager IB, Speizer FE (1987) The effect of passive smoking on pulmonary function and nonspecific bronchial responsiveness in a population based sample of children and young adults. Am Rev Respir Dis 135: 800–804

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Ockene JK (1987) Smoking intervention: the expanding role of the physician. Am J Public Health 77: 782–783

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Oldigs M, Jörres R, Magnussen H (1991) Acute effect of passive smoking on lung function and airway responsiveness in asthmatic children. Pediatr Pulmonol 10: 123–131

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Orleans CT (1993) Treating nicotine dependence in medical settings: a stepped-care model. In: Orleans CT, Slade J (eds). Nicotine Addiction; Principles and Management. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 145–161

    Google Scholar 

  98. Pathak DR, Samet JM, Humble CG, Skipper BJ (1986) Determinates of lung cancer risk in cigarette smokers in New Mexiko. J Natl Cancer Inst 76: 597–604

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Peto R, Lopez AD, et al. (1994) Mortality from smoking in developed countries, 1950- 2000: Indirect estimates from national vital statistics. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  100. Polgar G, Weng TR (1979) The functional development of the respiratory system. Am Rev Respir Dis 120:625–695

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Prochaska JO, Velicer WF, DiClemente CC, Fava JL (1988) Measuring the processes of change:Applications to the cessation of smoking. J Consult Clin Psychol 56: 520–528

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Repace JL, Lowrey AH (1990) Risk assessment methodologies for passive smokinginduced lung cancer. Risk Anal 10:27–37

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Report of the Surgeon General (1979) Smoking and Health. DHEW-Publ.-Nr (PHS) 79: 50066

    Google Scholar 

  104. Report of the Surgeon General (1986) The health consequences of involuntary smoking. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service

    Google Scholar 

  105. Riboli E, Preston-Martin S, Saracci R, et al. (1990) Exposure of nonsmoking women to environmental tobacco smoke:a 10-country collaboration study. Cancer Causes Control 1:243–252

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Sandler DP, Comstock GW, Helsing KJ, Shore DL (1989) Deaths from all causes in nonsmokers who lived with smokers. Am I Public Health 79: 163–167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Saracci R, Riboli E (1989) Passive smoking and lung cancer: current evidence and ongoing studies at the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Mutation Research 222: 117–127

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Schmidt F (1988) Gefahren durch das Rauchen. Onkologie 11: 250–253

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Schoendorf KC, Kiely IL (1992) Relationship of sudden infant death syndrome to maternal smoking during and after pregnancy. Pediatrics 90: 905

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Schwartz IL (1991) Methods for Smoking Cessation. Clin Chest Med 12(4):737–753

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Schwarz B, Schmeiser-Rieder A (1996) Epidemiologie der Gesundheitsstörungen durch Passivrauchen. Wien Klin Wschr 108/18:565–569

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Schwarzer R (1996) Psychologie des Gesundheitsverhaltens. Hogrefe-Verlag Göttingen, Bern, Toronto, Seattle

    Google Scholar 

  113. Senatskommission zur Prüfung gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (1985) In: Henschler D (Hrsg) Passivrauchen am Arbeitsplatz. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Weinheim

    Google Scholar 

  114. Sherman CB (1991) Health effects of cigarette smoking. Clin Chest Med.12:643–658

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Shopland DR, Pechacek TF, Cullen JW (1990) Toward a tobacco-free society. Semin Oncol 17:402–412

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Sinzinger H, Kefalides A (1982) Passive smoking severely decreases platelet sensitivity to antiaggregatory prostaglandins. Lancet 2: 392–393

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Stankus RP, Menon PK, Rando RJ, Glindmeyer H, Salvaggio IE, Lehrer SB (1988) Cigarette smoke-sensitive asthma: Challenge studies. I Allergy Clin Immunol 82: 331–338

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Statistisches Bundesamt (1992) (Hrsg) Mikrozensus Mai 1992: Fragen zu den Rauchgewohnheiten. Verlag Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  119. Statistisches Bundesamt. Wirtschaft und Statistik (1996) Fragen zur Gesundheit. Ergebnisse des Mikrozensus 1995. Verlag Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  120. Stjernfeldt M, Berglund K, Lindsten J, Ludvigsson J (1986) Maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk of childhood cancer. Lancet 1: 1350–1352

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Stockwell HG, Goldman AL, Noss CI, Armstrong AW, Pinkham PA, Candelora EC, Brusa MR (1992) Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Lung Cancer Risk in Nonsmoking Women. J Nad Cancer Inst 84: 1417–1422

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Suzuki K et al. (1974) Placental transfer and distribution of nicotine in the pregnant rhesus monkey. J Obstet Gynaec 119:253

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Tager IB, Hanrahan JP, Tosteson TD, et al. (1993) Lung function, pre- and postnatal smoke exposure, and wheezing in the first year of life. Am Rev Respir Dis 147:811–817

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Tager IB, NGOL, Hanrahan JP (1995) Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 152:977–983

    Google Scholar 

  125. Tarcher AB (1992) Principles and Practice of Environmental Medicine. Plenum Medical Book Company, New York, p 445

    Google Scholar 

  126. Travis CC, Richter SA, Crouch EAC, Klema ED (1987) Cancer risk management. A review of 132 federal regulatory decisions. Environ Sci Techno 21:415–420

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Trichopoulos D, Kalandidi A, Sparros L, MacMahon B (1981) Lung cancer and passive smoking. Int J Cancer 27: 1–4

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Troschke v. J (1992) Sozialwissenschaftliche Grundlagen: Motive zum Rauchen und zum Ex-Rauchen. In: Gesundheitsberatung zur Tabakentwohnung (Hrsg) Wissenschaftlicher Aktionskreis Tabakentwohnung (W.A. T) e.Y.

    Google Scholar 

  129. Wald NJ, Nanchahal K, Thompson SG, Cuckle HS (1986) Does breathing other people’s tobacco smoke cause lung cancer? BMJ 293: 1217–1222

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Weber A (1991) Plädoyer für bessere Raumbelüftung. Öff Gesundh-Wes 53:157–159 Sonderheft

    Google Scholar 

  131. Weiss ST, Tager IB, Schenker M, Speizer FE (1983) The health effects of involuntary smoking. Am Rev Resp Dis 128:33

    Google Scholar 

  132. Weitzmann M, Gortmaker S, Klein Walker D, Sobol A (1990) Maternal smoking and childhood asthma. Pediatrics 85: 505

    Google Scholar 

  133. Wells AJ (1988) Passive smoking and lung cancer: a publication bias? BMJ 296: 1128

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Wells AJ (1994) Passive smoking as a cause of heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 24:546–554

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Whittemore A, Altshuler B (1976) Lung cancer incidence in cigarette smokers: Further analysis of Doll and Hill’s data for British physicians. Biometrics 32: 805–816

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Wichmann HE, Jöckel KH, Molik B (1991) Luftverunreinigungen und Lungenkrebsrisiko. Ergebnisse einer Pilotstudie. Umweltbundesamt (Hrsg) UBA Bericht 7/91. Erich Schmidt Verlag, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  137. Wiedemann HP, Mahler DA, Lake J, Virgulto JA, Snyder P, Matthay RA (1986) Acute effects of passive smoking on lung function and airway reacitvity in asthmatic subjects. Chest 89: 180–188

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Woodward A (1991) Is passive smoking in the workplace hazardous to health? Scand J Work Environ Health 17:293–301

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. World Health Organization (1992) Tobacco or health. In: Women and tobacco. World Health Organization, Geneve

    Google Scholar 

  140. Wynder EL, Graham EA (1950) Tobacco smoking as a possible etiologic factor in bronchogenic carcinoma. A study of six hundred and eighty-four proved cases. JAMA 143: 329–334

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Wynder EL, Hoffmann D (1967) Tobacco and tobacco smoke: Studies in experimental carcinogenesis. Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. P. L. Bölcskei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. W. König
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fachklinik für Erkrankungen der Atmungsorgane und Allergien der LVA Niederbayern-Oberpfalz, Klinik Bad Reichenhall, Salzburger Straße 8-11, D-83435, Bad Reichenhall, Deutschland

    Konrad Schultz  & Wolfgang Petro  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bölcskei, P.L., König, M.W. (1998). Rauchen - Passivrauchen - Prävention. In: Schultz, K., Petro, W. (eds) Pneumologische Umweltmedizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72021-5_27

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72021-5_27

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-72022-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-72021-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation