Abstract
This paper gives an introduction to the photorefractive effect. The relevant physical properties of photorefractive materials in applications such as optical storage and signal processing, two- and four-wave mixing and dynamic holography are reviewed. It is shown that materials which show both large electrooptic effects and large photoconductivity, as e.g. KNbO3:Fe2+, are best suited for applications in real-time optical processing.
This contribution is an updated version of material from: H.J. Eichler, P. Günter, D.W. Phol in “Laser-induced dynamic gratings”, Springer Series in Optical Sciences, Vol. 50 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1986)
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. Ashkin, G.D. Boyd, J.M. Dziedzic, R.G. Smith, A.A. Ballmann, H.J. Levinstein K. Nassau: Appl. Phys. Lett. 9, 72 (1966)
F.S. Chen, J.T. La Machia, D.B. Frazer: Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 223 (1968)
D. von der Linde, A.M. Glass: Appl. Phys. 8, 85 (1975)
D.L. Staebler: “Ferroelectric Crystals”, in Holographic Recording Materials, Topics Appl. Phys. Vol. 20, ed. by H.M. Smith (Springer, Berlin Heidelberg 1977)
P. Günter: Phys. Rept. 93, 199 (1982)
V.M. Fridkin: Photoferroelectrics, Springer Ser. Solid-State Sci., Vol. 9 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1979) p. 115
M.G. Moharam, T.K. Gaylord, R. Magnusson: J. Appl. Phys. 50, 5642 (1979)
N.V. Kukhtarev, V.B. Markov, S.G. Odulov, M.S. Soskin, V.L. Vinetskii: Ferroelectrics 22, 949 (1979)
J. Feinberg, D. Heiman, A.R. Tanguay Jr., R.W. Hellwarth, J. Appl. Phys. 51, 1297 (1980)
J.P. Huignard, J.P. Herriau, G. Rivet, P. Günter: Opt. Lett. 5, 102 (1980)
A. Marrakchi, J.P. Huignard, P. Günter: Appl. Phys. 24, 131 (1981)
J.P. Huignard, A. Marrakchi: Opt. Commun. 38, 249 (1981)
J.P. Huignard, A. Marrakchi: Opt. Lett. 6, 622 (1981)
F.M. Küchel, H.J. Tiziani: Opt. Commun. 38, 17 (1981)
P. Günter: Ferroelectrics 22, 671 (1978)
P. Günter, F. Micheron: Ferroelectrics 18, 27 (1978)
A. Krumins, P. Günter: Appl. Phys. 19, 153 (1979)
A.E. Krumins, P. Günter: Phys. Status Solidi 55, K185 (1979)
P. Günter, A. Krumins: Appl. Phys. 23, 199 (1980)
A. Krumins, P. Günter: Phys. Status Solidi (a), 63, Klll (1981)
T.K. Gaylord, T.A. Rabson, F.K. Tittel, C.R. Quick: Appl. Opt. 12, 414 (1973)
P. Shah, T.A. Rabson, F.K. Tittel, T.K. Gaylord: Appl. Phys. Lett. 24, 130 (1974)
N.J. Berg, B.J. Udelson, J, N. Lee: Appl. Phys. Lett. 31, 555 (1977)
C.T. Chen, D.M. Kim, D. von der Linde: IEEE J. QE-16, 126 (1980)
J.P. Hermann, J.P. Herriau: Appl. Opt. 20, 2173 (1981)
L.K. Lam, T.Y. Chang, J. Feinberg, R.W. Hellwarth: Opt. Lett. 6, 475 (1981)
R. Orlowski, E. Krätzig: Solid State Commun. 27, 1351 (1978)
E. Krätzig, F. Welz, R. Orlowski, V. Doorman, M. Rosenkranz: Solid State Commun. 34, 817 (1980)
R. Orlowski, L.B. Boatner, E. Krätzig: Opt. Commun. 35, 45 (1980)
R. Orlowski: Phys. B1. 37, 365 (1981)
V.F. Belinicher, B.I. Sturman: Sov. Phys. Usp. 23, 199 (1980)
R. E. Aldrich, S.L. Hou, M.L. Harvill: J. Appl. Phys. 42, 493 (1971)
S. Feinleib, D.S. Oliver: Appl. Opt. 11, 2752 (1972)
J.P. Huignard, F. Micheron: Appl. Phys. Lett. 29, 591 (1976)
I.P. Kaminow, E.H. Turner: “Linear Electrooptical Materials”, in Handbook of Lasers, ed. by R.J. Pressley (Chemical Rubber, 1971)
P. Günter: Opt. Commun. 41, 83 (1982)
P. Günter: Opt. Lett. 7, 10 (1982)
P. Günter: Opt. Commun. 11, 285 (1974)
S.G. Odulov: JETP Lett. 35, 10 (1982)
H. Vorman, E. Krätzig: Solid State Commun. 49, 843 (1984)
D. von der Linde, A.M. Glass, K.F. Rodgers: Appl. Phys. Lett. 26, 22 (1975)
D. von der Linde, A.M. Glass, K.F. Rodgers: Appl. Phys. Lett. 25, 155 (1974)
D. von der Linde, A.M. Glass, K.F. Rodgers: J. Appl. Phys. 47, 217 (1976)
G.C. Valley: IEEE J. QE-19, 1637 (1983)
see e.g. : R.J. Collier, Ch. B. Burckhardt, L.H. Lin: Optical Holography (Academic, New York 1971)
L. Solymar, D.J. Cooke: Volume Holography and Volume Gratings (Academic, London 1981)
H. M. Smith: Principles of Holography (Wiley, New York 1975)
W.T. Cathey: Optical Information Processing and Holography (Wiley, New York 1974)
M. Françon: Holographie (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1972)
G.W. Stroke: An Introduction to Coherent Optics and Holography (Academic, New York 1969)
H.J. Eichler, P. Günter, and D.W. Pohl: “Laser-induced dynamic gratings”, Springer Series in Optical Sciences Vol. 50 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1986)
H. Kogelnik: Bell Syst. Tech. J. 48, 2909 (1969)
A.E. Krumins, P. Günter: Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 10, 681 (1980)
P. Refregier, L. Solymar, H. Rajbenbach, J.-P. Huignard: Electron. Lett. 20, 656 (1984)
V. Markov, S. Odulov, M. Soskin: Optics and Laser Techn. 95 (April 1979)
F. Laeri, T. Tschudi, H. Albers: Opt. Commun. 47, 387 (1983)
M.Z. Zha, P. Günter: Opt. Lett. 10, 187 (1985)
Y.H. Jah: Optics and Quantum Electron. 14, 574 (1982)
P. Yeh: Optics Commun. 45, 323 (1983) and J. Opt. Soc. Am. 73, 1268 (1983)
K.R. MacDonald, J. Feinberg, M.Z. Zha, and P. Günter: Optics Commun. 50, 146 (1984)
R.W. Hellwarth: J. Opt. Soc. Am. 67, 1 (1977)
A. Yariv, IEEE J. QE-14, 650 (1978)
C.R. Giuliano: Phys. Today 27–34 (April 1981)
B. Ya. Zel’dovich, N.F. Pilipetsky, V.V. Shkunov: Principles of Phase Conjugation, Springer Ser. Opt. Sci., Vol 42 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1985);
B. Ya. Zel’dovich, N.F. Pilipetskii, V.V. Shkunov: Sov. Phys. Usp. 25, 713 (1982)
M. Ducloy: In Festkörperprobleme, Vol. 22 (Vieweg, Braunschweig 1982);
D. M. Pepper (ed.) Special issue on Nonlinear Optical Phase Conjugation, Optical Eng. 21, (February 1982)
R.A. Fischer (ed.): Optical Phase Conjugation (Academic, New York 1983)
H. Kogelnik: Bell Syst. Tech. J. 44, 2451 (1965)
E.N. Leith, J. Upatnieks: J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56, 523 (1966)
J.P. Woerdman: Opt. Commun. 2, 212 (1971)
B. Ay. Zel’dovich, V.l. Ragul’skii, F.S. Faizullov: Sov. Phys. JETP 15, 109 (1972)
W.T. Cathey: Proc. IEEE 56, 340 (1968)
W.T. Cathey, C.L. Hayes, W.C. Davis, V.F. Pizzuro: Appl. Opt. 9, 701 (1970)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Günter, P., Eichler, H.J. (1987). Introduction to Photorefractive Materials. In: Günter, P. (eds) Electro-optic and Photorefractive Materials. Springer Proceedings in Physics, vol 18. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71907-3_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71907-3_17
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-71909-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-71907-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive