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Chemistry of Multiphase Atmospheric Systems pp 91–116Cite as

Standardized Techniques for the Collection and Analysis of Precipitation

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Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASIG,volume 6))

Abstract

Sampling of precipitation is complicated by a number of factors: -the sample must be representative so dry deposition must be excluded and sampling of the whole precipitation event must take place. -Contamination and absorption of chemical species must be avoided. -The sample must be kept intact until the moment of chemical analysis.

A survey of the existing wet-only samplers is given and their characteristics are discussed.

The wide choice of available analytical techniques offers sufficient adequate solutions for the analysis of precipitation samples. The merits of different methods, such as Continuous Flow Analysis, Ion-chromatography, Ion Selective Electrodes, Photometric methods, Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometry, Polarographic methods and Radio-analytical techniques, are discussed in regard of sample load, precision and accuracy. Problems are encountered in the analysis of instable species such as H2O2 and sulfite, organic compounds, and some trace elements such as As, Sb, Se and B.

In many cases only indirect statistical methods, such as regression analysis or cluster analysis, can extract the desired information out of the available data. Different sampling strategies are required for studies on monitoring deposition, detection of trends or source identification.

An optimisation of the complete procedures of sampling, analysis and data evaluation is necessary to obtain useful results.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Netherlands Energy Research Foundation (ECN), Petten, The Netherlands

    J. Slanina

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  1. J. Slanina
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Environmental Research, University of Frankfurt, Robert-Mayer-Straße 7-9, D-6000, Frankfurt 1, Germany

    Wolfgang Jaeschke

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© 1986 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Slanina, J. (1986). Standardized Techniques for the Collection and Analysis of Precipitation. In: Jaeschke, W. (eds) Chemistry of Multiphase Atmospheric Systems. NATO ASI Series, vol 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70627-1_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70627-1_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-70629-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-70627-1

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